Prediagnostic methods for the hemolysis of herbal medicine injection.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The Xue-Sai-Tong injection, a traditional Chinese medicine injection with total saponins extracted from Sanchi Ginseng, has been used for more than half a hundred years to treat coronary artery disease. The study is to establish a prediagnostic method for the hemolytic adverse effect of herbal medicine injection by taking Xue-Sai-Tong injection as an example. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new method named "fuzzy dissemination" was established to identify the hemolytic ginsenosides in Xue-Sai-Tong injection on the basis of fuzzy changes of individual ginsenosides in the injections altered by re-adding the fractions prepared from the total saponins and statistic analysis between hemolytic degrees and individual ginsenosides. Related substances test, safety tests and fingerprints of the injections in different batches were tested. RESULTS: HD(50), P(50) and interactions on hemolysis of individual ginsenosides were examined. Experiment indicated that the content of Rg(1), Rg(2), M(51) (an unknown ingredient with retention time at 51 min in HPLC) and M(70) in Xue-Sai-Tong injection showed a significant positive correlation with hemolytic degree, and the content of R(1), Re, Rb(1) and Rd showed a significant negative correlation with hemolytic activity. Furthermore HD(50) of injection exhibits superiority to other tests for the hemolysis of injections. Abnormal hemolysis in some batches of injections was observed, but there were no significant differences among injections of different batches in related substances test, safety test and fingerprints. CONCLUSIONS: This is an original method to analyze active ingredients of a complicated integrity instead of studying on individual ingredients, it showed that the interactions of some individual ginsenosides and some unknown micro-ingredients in Xue-Sai-Tong injection were the major factors causing hemolysis, and this method could also be utilized in research of corresponding aspects. HD(50) of injection can reflect the changes of hemolytic property of injections caused by not only the change of active constituents of injection, but also the auxiliary materials. Thus it was recommended as an index for the hemolytic prediagnosis of the injections in practice.

Study on chemical constituents from Opuntia dillenii / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical composition of Opuntia dillenii.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Many kinds of chromatography methods were used in the isolation procedure, while the structures of isolated compounds were determined on the aids of NMR and MS spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A new compound, together with five known compounds, was isolated form the 80% ethanolic extract of its stems.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new compound was characterized as opuntioside. Four compounds were obtained for the first from the genus Opuntia, and they were daucosterol, p-hydroxybenzoicacid, L-(-)-malic acid, (E)-ferulic acid. Opuntiol was also separated for the first from the plant.</p>

The isolation and identification of a new alpha-pyrone from Opuntia dillenii / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the chemical composition of Opuntia dillenii Haw.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Many kinds of chromatography methods were used to separate the chemical constituents. Their structures were determined by NMR and MS spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A new compound, together with five known compounds, were isolated from the 80% ethanolic extract of the stems.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new compound was identified as 4-ethoxyl-6-hydroxymethyl-alpha-pyrone. Compounds 1, 3, 4 and 5 were obtained for the first time from the genus of Opuntia, and they were: 3-O-methyl isorhamnein, 1-heptanecanol, vanillic acid, isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-rutinoside. Ruin was isolated from this plant for the first time.</p>