Comprehensive evaluation of the water-fertilizer coupling effects on pumpkin under different irrigation volumes.

Compared to conventional irrigation and fertilization, the Water-fertilizer coupling can significantly enhance the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing yield. Targeting the challenges of poor crop growth, low yield, and inefficient water and fertilizer utilization in the arid region of northwest China under conventional irrigation and fertilization practices. Therefore, a two-year on-farm experiment in 2022 and 2023 was conducted to study the effects of water-fertilizer coupling regulation on pumpkin growth, yield, water consumption (ET), and water and fertilizer use efficiency. Simultaneously the comprehensive evaluation of multiple objectives was carried out using principal component analysis (PCA) methods, so as to propose an suitable water-fertilizer coupling regulation scheme for the region. The experiment was set up as a two-factor trial using water-fertilizer integration technology under three irrigation volume (W1 = 37.5 mm, W2 = 45.5 mm, W3 = 52.5mm) and three organic fertilizer application amounts (F1 = 3900-300 kg ha-1, F2 = 4800-450 kg·ha-1, F3 = 5700-600 kg·ha-1), with the traditional irrigation and fertilization scheme from local farmers as control treatments (CK). The results indicated that irrigation volume and organic fertilizer application significantly affected pumpkin growth, yield, and water and fertilizer use efficiency (P<0.05). Pumpkin yield increased with increasing irrigation volume. Increasing organic fertilizer levels within a certain range benefited pumpkin plant growth, dry matter accumulation, and yield, however, excessive application beyond a certain level had inhibited effects on those. The increased fertilizer application under the same irrigation volume enhanced the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization. However excessive irrigation only resulted in inefficient water consumption, reducing the water and fertilizer use efficiency. The Comprehensive evaluation by PCA revealed that the F2W3 treatment outperformed all the others, effectively addressing the triple objectives of increasing production, improving efficiency, and promoting green production. Therefore, F2W3 (Irrigation volume: 52.5 mm; Fertilizer application amounts: 4800-450 kg/ha-1) as a water and fertilizer management scheme for efficient pumpkin production in the arid region of northwest China.

Development and Application of a Micro-device for Rapid Detection of Ammonia Nitrogen in Environmental Water / 分析化学

The analysis of ammonia nitrogen in real water samples is challenging due to matrix interferences and difficulties for rapid on-site analysis.On the basis of the standard method,i.e.water quality-determination of ammonia nitrogen-salicylic acid spectrophotometry(HJ 536-2009),a simple device for online detecting ammonia nitrogen was developed using a sequential injection analysis(SIA)system in this work.The ammonia nitrogen transformation system,color reaction system,and detection system were built in compatible with the SIA system,respectively.In particular,the detection system was assembled by employing light-emitting diode as the light source,photodiode as the detector,and polyvinylchloride tube as the cuvette,thus significantly reducing the volume,energy consumption and fabricating cost of the detection system.As a result,the accurate analysis of ammonia nitrogen in complex water samples was achieved.A quantitative detection of ammonia nitrogen in water sample was obtained in 12 min,along with linear range extending to 1000 μmol/L,precisions(Relative standard deviation,RSD)of 4.3%(C=10 μmol/L,n=7)and 4.2%(C=500 μmol/L,n=7),and limit of detection(LOD)of 0.65 μmol/L(S/N=3,n=7).The results of interfering experiments showed that the detection of ammonia nitrogen by the developed device was not interfered by the common coexisting ions and components,therefore the environmental water could be directly analyzed,such as reservoir water,domestic sewage,sea water and leachate of waste landfill.The analytical results were consistent with those obtained by the environmental protection standard method(Water quality determination of ammonia nitrogen-salicylic acid spectrophotometry,HJ 536-2009).In addition,the spiking recoveries were in the range of 92.3%-98.1%,further confirming the accuracy and practicality of the developed device.

Inhibition of TRAF6 ameliorates myocardial inflammatory injury and cardiac dysfunction via regulating cardiomyocyte inflammation in sepsis mice / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the effects of TRAF6 inhibition on autophagy,myocardial inflammation and cardiac function in septic mice.Methods Twenty-four male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham,sham + C25-140(sham+C),cecal ligation and puncture(CLP),and cecal ligation and puncture+C25-140(CLP+C)group.Sham+C group and CLP+C group were intraperitoneally injected with C25-140 after operation.LVEF and LVFS were evaluated by ultrasound 24 hours after operation.Serum TNF-α and IL1-β were measured by ELISA.HE staining was used to evaluate myocardial inflammatory response.Autophagosomes and mitochondrial microstructure of cardiomyocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopy.TRAF6 mRNA in myocardial tissue was detected by qPCR.The expression of TRAF6,P62,Beclin-1 and LC3B protein was detected by W-B.The effect of C25-140 on myocardial injury in the septic mice was observed by inhibiting autophagy with 3-MA.Results Compared with the sham group,the levels of TRAF6 mRNA and TRAF6 in the myocardial tissue in the CLP group were significantly increased(P<0.05)and the serum TNF-α and IL1-β concentrations were signifi-cantly increased(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the myocardial tissue HE staining showed inflammatory cell infiltration and the LVEF and LVFS levels were significantly decreased in the CLP group(P<0.05).Compared with CLP group,the CLP+C group showed that the expression of TRAF6 mRNA and TRAF6 protein decreased(P<0.05),serum TNF-α and IL1-β decreased(P<0.05),myocardial histopathological myocardial inflammatory cell infiltration decreased,the LVEF and LVFS levels increased(P<0.05).Electron microscopy showed that the mitochondrial swelling decreased,autophagosomes increased,expression of Beclin-1 and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ increased,and P62 expression decreased(P<0.05).As compared with CLP+C group,the CLP+C+3-MA group showed that obvious inflamma-tory cell infiltration in the myocardial pathology and the LVEF and LVFS levels decreased after 3-MA inhibited autophagy(P<0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of TRAF6 can not only ameliorate myocardial inflammatory injury and cardiac dysfunction in septic mice,but promote the involvment of cardiomyocyte autophagy in provention from sepsis-induced myocardial injury.

Metformin pretreatment induces cardiac autophagy to reduce myocardial injury in septic mice / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Sepsis complicated by myocardial injury is characterized by a high mortality.Metformin can prevent sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by exerting anti-inflammatory effects,improving oxidative stress,and reducing apoptosis.However,it is unclear whether metformin-induced autophagy plays an important role in the protective effect against sepsis-induced myocardial injury. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of metformin pretreatment on myocardial injury in septic mice. METHODS:A total of 40 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,metformin group,and metformin+ 3-methyladenine group,with 10 mice in each group.The latter two groups were intraperitoneally injected with metformin for 14 days at a fixed time every day,and the metformin+3-methyladenine group was intraperitoneally injected with 3-methyladenine 1 hour before modeling.Twenty-four hours after the last injection of metformin,cecal ligation and perforation were used to construct a model of myocardial injury in septic mice.The sham operation group was not ligated and perforated.All mice were sacrificed 24 hours after surgery,and blood and myocardial specimens were collected.The levels of inflammatory factors and myocardial injury markers in serum were detected by ELISA.The mRNA expression of autophagy markers LC3B and p62 in myocardial tissue was detected by RT-qPCR.The protein expression of LC3B,Beclin-1,p62,p-AMPK,and AMPK in myocardial tissue was detected by western blot.The pathological changes in myocardial tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Autophagy was inhibited in septic mice with myocardial injury.Compared with the sham operation group,the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,creatine kinase isoenzyme,and troponin T were increased in the model group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in p62,LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ,and p-AMPK/AMPK between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with the model group,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,creatine kinase isoenzyme,troponin T,and p62 were decreased in the metformin group(P<0.05),while LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ,p-AMPK/AMPK and Beclin-1 level were increased(P<0.05).Compared with the metformin group,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,creatine kinase isoenzyme,troponin T,and p62 were increased in the metformin+3-methyladenine group(P<0.05),while LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and Beclin-1 level were decreased(P<0.05).Myocardial hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated that myocardial fibers arranged normally in the sham operation group,but disorderedly in the model group,with interstitial edema and a large number of infiltrated inflammatory cells.A small amount of vacuolar changes were observed in the metformin group.The arrangement of myocardial fibers in the metformin+3-methyladenine group was slightly disordered,with more vacuolar changes.To conclude,metformin pretreatment may reduce myocardial injury in septic mice by activating the AMPK signaling pathway and inducing autophagy.

Protective mechanism of metformin-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy on myocardial injury in septic mice / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To investigate the possible mechanism of metformin (Met) -induced cardiomyocyte autoph- agy in protecting myocardial injury in septic mice．@*Methods @# The model of myocardial injury in septic mice was es- tablished by cecal ligation and puncture ( CLP) ．Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group) ，model group ( CLP group) ，model + dimethyl sulfoxide ( DMSO) group ( CLP + DMSO group) ，model + metformin (Met) group (Met group) ，model + Met + 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (Met + 3- MA group) ，model + Met + compound C ( CC) group (Met + CC group) ，with 10 mice in each group．The Met， Met + 3-MA and Met + CC groups were intraperitoneally injected with Met (200 mg / kg) once a day for 2 weeks be- fore modeling．The Met + 3-MA group was intraperitoneally injected with 3-MA ( 10 mg / kg) 1 h before surgery. The Met + CC group was intraperitoneally injected with CC (20 mg / kg) 30 min before surgery．The model was es- tablished 24 h after the last injection of Met．The heart and blood of all mice were collected 24 h after surgery．The Western blot technique was employed to assess the relative expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) isoforms，namely LC3 I and LC3 II，autophagy effector protein 1 (Beclin-1) ，ubiquitin-bind- ing protein 62 (p62) ，B-cell lymphoma / leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) ，Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) ，adenosine mono- phosphate (AMP) kinase (AMPK) and phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) ．Myocardial pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining．The changes of myocardial mitochondria and autophagosomes were observed by electron microscopy．Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of myocardium． Electron microscopy was used to observe the changes of myocardial mitochondria and autophago- somes. @*Results @# Compared with Sham group，the relative protein expression of Beclin-1，p62，p-AMPK / AMPK and LC3 II / LC3 I in CLP and CLP + DMSO groups had no statistical significance，but Bax increased and Bcl-2 de- creased in CLP group (P＜0. 01) ．Compared with CLP group，the relative expression of Beclin-1 protein and LC3 II / LC3 I in Met group increased and p62 decreased (P＜0. 01) ，Bax decreased and Bcl-2 increased (P＜0. 01) . Compared with Met group，the relative protein expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 II / LC3 I in Met + 3-MA group de- creased and p62 increased (P＜0. 05) ，Bax increased and Bcl-2 decreased (P＜0. 05) ．Besides，the relative pro- tein expression of p-AMPK / AMPK in Met + CC group decreased (P＜0. 05) ．HE staining showed that there was no disorder in myocardial fibers in Sham group，and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the myocardial fibers of CLP group in a clear disorder．The Met group showed vacuolar changes in the myocardium，while the Met + 3-MA group showed disordered arrangement of myocardial fibers and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltra- tion．Under electron microscopy，the morphology of myocardial mitochondria in the Sham group was normal，while in the CLP group，the arrangement of mitochondrial cristae was disordered with vacuolar changes，and occasional autophagosomes were observed．Mitochondria in Met group showed slight swelling and a large number of autophago- somes．The mitochondria in the Met + 3-MA group showed significant swelling with a small amount of autophago- somes．@*Conclusion @#The protective effect of metformin on myocardial injury in septic mice can reduce cardiomyo- cyte apoptosis and improve mitochondrial damage by activating AMPK signaling pathway to induce autophagy.

Detection of aberrant DNA methylation patterns in sperm of male recurrent spontaneous abortion patients.

Aberrant DNA methylation patterns in sperm are a cause of embryonic failure and infertility, and could be a critical factor contributing to male recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The purpose of this study was to reveal the potential effects of sperm DNA methylation levels in patients with male RSA. We compared sperm samples collected from fertile men and oligoasthenospermia patients. Differentially methylated sequences were identified by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) methods. The DNA methylation levels of the two groups were compared and qRT-PCR was used to validate the expression of genes showing differential methylation. The results indicated that no difference in base distribution was observed between the normal group and the patient group. However, the chromosome methylation in these two groups was markedly different. One site was located on chromosome 8 and measured 150 bp, while the other sites were on chromosomes 9, 10, and X and measured 135 bp, 68 bp, and 136 bp, respectively. In particular, two genes were found to be hypermethylated in these patients, one gene was DYDC2 (placed in the differential methylation region of chromosome 10), and the other gene was NXF3 (located on chromosome X). Expression levels of DYDC2 and NXF3 in the RSA group were significantly lower than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). Collectively, these results demonstrated that changes in DNA methylation might be related to male RSA. Our findings provide important information regarding the potential role of sperm DNA methylation in human development.

Correlation of Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms rs266729 and rs3774261 With Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Increasing evidence has suggested an association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms rs1501299, rs2241766, rs266729 and rs3774261 with risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This correlation has been extensively meta-analyzed for the first two polymorphisms, but not the second two. Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for relevant literature. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: A total of 10 case-control studies on rs266729 (2,619 cases and 1,962 controls) and 3 case-control studies on rs3774261 (562 cases and 793 controls) were included. Meta-analysis showed that rs266729 was associated with significantly higher NAFLD risk based on the following five models: allelic, OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.34-2.21, P < 0.001; recessive, OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.86-2.95, P < 0.001; dominant, OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.34-2.53, P < 0.001; homozygous, OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.84-3.92, P < 0.001; and heterozygous, OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.28-2.32, P < 0.001. This association between rs266729 and NAFLD risk remained significant for all five models among studies with Asian, Chinese and Caucasian samples. The rs2241766 polymorphism was associated with significantly higher NAFLD risk according to the recessive model (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.15-3.04, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Polymorphisms rs266729 and rs3774261 in the adiponectin gene may be risk factors for NAFLD. These findings may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies, but they should be verified in large, well-designed studies.

Inhibitory effect of triterpenoids from the mushroom Inonotus obliquus against α-glucosidase and their interaction: Inhibition kinetics and molecular stimulations.

Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of a series of triterpenoids (1-46) including 12 new ones (1-12) from the mushroom Inonotus obliquus. The structures of all the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis as well as by comparison with literature data. Triterpenoids 1-3, 6, 7, 16, 24, 25, 27, 38, 43, 44 and 46 showed strong α-glucosidase inhibition, with IC50 values from 11.5 to 81.8 µM. Their structure-activity relationships were discussed. Inonotusol F (24) showed the strongest inhibitory activity and it presented noncompetitive inhibition against α-glucosidase. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics stimulation further demonstrated that GLU302 and PHE298 were key amino acids for the inhibition of inonotusol F (24) towards α-glucosidase. This study indicates the vital role of triterpenoids in explaining hypoglycemic effect of Inonotus obliquus and provides important evidence for further development and utilization of this mushroom.

Survival of cancer patients in Fujian, Southeast China: a population-based cancer registry study.

Survival rates are usually used to evaluate the effect of cancer treatment and prevention. No study has focused on the characteristic of population-based cancer survival in Fujian, which is regarded as one of the high-risk areas of cancer in China. This study aims to analyze the 5-year relative survival of patients in Fujian Province using population-based cancer registry data. A total of 8 population-based registries in Fujian Province reported cancer cases diagnosed in 2012-2014. Relative survival was calculated as the ratio between observed survival and expected survival. The 5-year relative survival for all cancers combined was 36.19% and the age-standardized 5-year relative survival for all patients was 31.80%. Females had higher relative survival than males (38.90% and 27.00%). The patients in urban areas had higher relative survival than those in rural areas (32.34% and 31.29%). Lung, gastric, liver, colorectal, and esophageal cancers were the five most common cancers, with 5-year relative survival below 50%. This is the first study that evaluated the population-based cancer relative survival in Fujian, China. Our study suggests that the overall survival of cancer patients in Fujian Province is poor. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used as a baseline for further research in Fujian, and provide important evidence for cancer etiology research.

The relationship among social capital, eHealth literacy and health behaviours in Chinese elderly people: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Social capital has been linked to health behaviours, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Previous studies have found that health literacy played the role of a mediator in the relationships among social capital, individual physical activity and nutrition. But it is not clear whether eHealth literacy mediates the impact of social capital on health behaviours. Therefore, our research aimed to explore the relationships among social capital (structural and cognitive social capital), eHealth literacy, and the health behaviours of elderly people, and to analyse the mediating effect of eHealth literacy, while providing a theoretical basis for a health behaviour intervention for elderly people. METHODS: From January to February 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1201 Chinese people aged over 60 years using the Chinese Shortened Social Capital Scale (contains two subscales of structural social capital and cognitive social capital), eHealth Literacy Scale, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. We used structural equation modelling to test a hypothetical mediation model. RESULTS: The mean scores of social capital was 72.07 (SD = 13.03), 17.24 (SD = 9.34) for eHealth literacy, and 112.23 (SD = 23.25) for health behaviours. Social capital and eHealth literacy were significantly correlated with health behaviours, and social capital and structural social capital were significantly correlated with eHealth literacy. Lastly, eHealth literacy mediated the relationship between structural social capital and health behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: eHealth literacy was an important mediating factor for elderly people's structural social capital and health behaviours. Therefore, social capital and eHealth literacy must be considered when designing and implementing health behaviour intervention programmes for elderly people.

Expression of LncRNA-POU3F3 in thyroid cancer tissues and its predictive value for prognosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA-POU3F3 (LncRNA-POU3F3) in thyroid cancer tissues and its predictive value for prognosis.Methods:Using case-control study, the thyroid cancer tissue samples and paracancerous tissue samples of 118 thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgery in Zhengzhou People's Hospital from May 2013 to August 2015 were collected, and 100 benign thyroid tumor tissue samples in the same period were selected as controls. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of LncRNA-POU3F3 in thyroid tissues, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of LncRNA-POU3F3 for thyroid cancer, and the correlation between LncRNA-POU3F3 level and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients was analyzed.Results:The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of LncRNA-POU3F3 in thyroid cancer tissues (4.02 ± 0.76) was higher than that in paracancerous tissues (3.18 ± 0.69) and benign thyroid tumor tissues (3.05 ± 0.66, P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of LncRNA-POU3F3 expression in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer was 0.886 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.821 - 0.943, P < 0.05], the sensitivity was 83.7%, the specificity was 85.2%, and the diagnostic threshold was 3.45. High expression of LncRNA-POU3F3 (≥3.45) was found in thyroid cancer tissues with clinical stages Ⅲ - Ⅳ, tumor diameter ≥1 cm, multiple tumor foci and lymph node metastasis ( P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that after 5 years of follow-up, 53 of the 118 patients with thyroid cancer survived. The 5-year survival rate of patients with low expression of LncRNA-POU3F3 ( < 3.45) was 77.42% (24/31), and that of patients with high expression of LncRNA-POU3F3 (≥3.45) was 33.33% (29/87), and there was a statistically significant difference in the 5-year survival rate between the two groups (χ 2 = 17.955, P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that clinical stage, tumor diameter, number of tumor foci, lymph node metastasis and LncRNA-POU3F3 expression were correlated with the survival time of patients with thyroid cancer ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:LncRNA-POU3F3 is highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues, and its expression level is closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of thyroid cancer patients, which can be used as an important indicator for predicting the prognosis of thyroid cancer patients.

[Expression and Clinical Significance of EZH2 in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Accompanied by HBV Infection].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression and clinical significance of EZH2 in DLBCL patients accompanied by HBV infection. METHODS: The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with DLBCL accompanied by HBV infection in our hospital from February 2015 to October 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into HBV negative and HBV positive groups by serological testing before surgery. The expression of EZH2 was detected by immumohistochemical staining, and the clinicopathological characteristics and survival were analyzed and compared between these two groups. RESULTS: There were 30 patients (50.8%) in the HBV negative group and 29 patients (49.2%)in the HBV positive group. The differences of age, LDH level and IPI score between two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The expression of EZH2 in HBV- positive group was significantly higher than that in the HBV- negative group (P＜0.05), where the expression of EZH2 correlated with the expression of the BCL-6 (r=0.282, P＜0.05), especially in the GCB-DLBCL (r=0.549, P＜0.05). PFS was not significantly different between two groups of HBV (P＞0.05), while the PFS in the R-CHOP regimen group was higher than that in the CHOP regimen group (P＜0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that both the chemotherapy regimen without R and the increased level of LDH were the risk factors affecting the prognosis of DLBCL patients (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: EZH2 highly expresses in HBV positive group, suggesting that the significance of EZH2 in DLBCL with HBV infection is worth further explore.

High-Resolution Photoelectron Imaging and Photodetachment Spectroscopy of Cryogenically Cooled IO.

We report a high-resolution photoelectron imaging and photodetachment spectroscopy study of cryogenically cooled IO-. The high-resolution photoelectron spectra yield a more accurate electron affinity (EA) of 2.3805(5) eV for IO as well as a more accurate spin-orbit splitting energy between the 2Π3/2 and 2Π1/2 states of IO as 2093(5) cm-1. Photodetachment spectroscopy confirmed several excited states for the IO- anion predicted by theoretical calculations, including two valence-type excited states, the repulsive 3Π state, and a shallow bound 1Π state. More interestingly, we have observed two vibrational resonances which are proposed to be due to a dipole-induced resonant state, about 230 cm-1 above the detachment threshold of IO-.

[Clinical Features of Infection within 100 days after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in 313 patients with Hematologic Diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of infection within 100 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with hematologic disease. METHODS: The culture results of 313 HSCT patients infected in the hematology department of our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019 were collected, and the infection incidence, pathogen distribution, drug susceptibility test results and infection risk factors out of them all were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 313 HSCT patients, infection occurred within 100 days in 262(83.7%) patients, 234 (89.3%) cases were in neutropenic period at infection onset. 156 pathogen distributions showed that the bloodstream infection (64.1%) ranked first. Among isolates, Gram-negative bacteria was 86 (55.1%), which were higher than Gram-positive bacteria (49, 31.4%), and fungi was 21(13.5%). The prevalence of ESBLs in E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 36.4% and 31.6%, respectively. The drug resistance rates of E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems were 18.20% and 5.3%, respectively, and to amikacin were 29.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The antimicrobial resistance of fermentation bacteria was significantly different. The drug resistence rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems were high. Only one strain of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was found. The drug resistence rates of enterococcus faecalis to linezolid was 14.30%. The sensitivity of other Gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin, teicolanin and linezolid was 100%. The HSCT in our hospital was mainly allogeneic, and univariate analysis showed that the risk factors for infection were status before trasplantion, HLA matching type,length of stay for the first transplant, and length of neutropenia, while Mulvariate analysis showed that only HLA matching type showed statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The infection of patients after HSCT occurrs in period of neutropenia, Most of pathogens are G- bacteria, and the resistance to antibiotics is quite common, HLA mismatch is allo-HSCT independent risk factors for infection. It is very imprtant to monitor actively the distribution of pathogenic bacteria, drug-resistance and risk factors of infection for guiding more reasonable and standardized clinical treatment.

The Associations Among Health-Promoting Lifestyle, eHealth Literacy, and Cognitive Health in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Healthy lifestyles and health literacy are strongly associated with cognitive health in older adults, however, it is unclear whether this relationship can be generalized to health-promoting lifestyles and eHealth literacy. To date, no research has examined the interactive effect of health-promoting lifestyles and eHealth literacy on cognitive health. Objective: To examine the associations among health-promoting lifestyles, eHealth literacy, and cognitive health in older adults. Methods: Using a stratified cluster sampling method, we conducted a survey with older adults in four districts and two counties in Jinan (China). Older adults (n = 1201; age ≥ 60 years) completed our survey. We assessed health-promoting lifestyles, eHealth literacy, and cognitive health, and collected participants' sociodemographic information. Results: Health-promoting lifestyles and eHealth literacy were significantly and positively associated with cognitive health (both p < 0.01). In addition, eHealth literacy was positively associated with health-promoting lifestyles. Moreover, the interaction of health-promoting lifestyle and eHealth literacy negatively predicted cognitive health (ß = -0.465, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Health-promoting lifestyles and eHealth literacy were associated with the cognitive health of Chinese older adults, both independently and interactively. Further, eHealth literacy was associated with health-promoting lifestyles in older adults. Therefore, interventions regarding healthy lifestyles and eHealth literacy would benefit older adults.

A follow-up study of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 from Western China

BackgroundTo clarify the characteristic and the duration of positive nucleic acid in children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including asymptomatic children. MethodsA total of 32 children confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection between January 24 and February 12, 2020 from four provinces in Western China were enrolled in this study and followed up until discharge and quarantine 14 days later. ResultsEleven children (34%) were asymptomatic, among whom six children had normal computed tomographic (CT) scan images. Age and gender were not associated with clinical symptoms or the results of CT scan in children infected with SARS-CoV-2. The concentrations of white blood cells and neutrophils were higher in children with asymptomatic infection than in children with clinical symptoms or CT abnormalities. Patients who presented with CT abnormalities had lower D-dimer or lower total bilirubin than those who had normal CT scan but clinical symptoms. All children recovered and no one died or was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The mean duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was 15.4 (SD=7.2) days and similar for both asymptomatic children and children with symptoms or CT abnormalities. We found a significant negative correlation between the lymphocyte count and the duration of positive nucleic acid test. ConclusionsChildren with asymptomatic infection should be quarantined for the same duration as symptomatic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The clinical significance and mechanism behind the negative correlation between the number of lymphocytes and the duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 needs further study.

Expression and Clinical Significance of EZH2 in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Accompanied by HBV Infection / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression and clinical significance of EZH2 in DLBCL patients accompanied by HBV infection.@*METHODS@#The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with DLBCL accompanied by HBV infection in our hospital from February 2015 to October 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into HBV negative and HBV positive groups by serological testing before surgery. The expression of EZH2 was detected by immumohistochemical staining, and the clinicopathological characteristics and survival were analyzed and compared between these two groups.@*RESULTS@#There were 30 patients (50.8%) in the HBV negative group and 29 patients (49.2%)in the HBV positive group. The differences of age, LDH level and IPI score between two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The expression of EZH2 in HBV- positive group was significantly higher than that in the HBV- negative group (P＜0.05), where the expression of EZH2 correlated with the expression of the BCL-6 (r=0.282, P＜0.05), especially in the GCB-DLBCL (r=0.549, P＜0.05). PFS was not significantly different between two groups of HBV (P＞0.05), while the PFS in the R-CHOP regimen group was higher than that in the CHOP regimen group (P＜0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that both the chemotherapy regimen without R and the increased level of LDH were the risk factors affecting the prognosis of DLBCL patients (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EZH2 highly expresses in HBV positive group, suggesting that the significance of EZH2 in DLBCL with HBV infection is worth further explore.

Inhibitory Effect of Five Ganoderma Species (Agaricomycetes) against Key Digestive Enzymes Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Ganoderma mushrooms are widely used in clinical therapies and functional foods. The antidiabetic effect of Ganoderma has become a research hot spot in recent decades. To search for a superior antidiabetic Ganoderma extract, five common Ganoderma species (G. lucidum, G. sinense, G. tsugae, G. applanatum, and G. leucocontextum) were investigated. A total of 10 fractions, including a total triterpenes fraction and a crude polysaccharides fraction for each, were prepared for further assays. Activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase are inhibited dominantly by triterpenes from all five Ganoderma species rather than the polysaccharides. G. lucidum triterpenes inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase most significantly with IC50 values of 10.02 ± 0.95 µg/mL and 31.82 ± 4.30 µg/mL. Even more, triterpenes content was positively correlated with anti-α-glucosidase and anti-α-amylase activities. Therefore, triterpenes were considered to be the active compounds in inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity. It is hoped that the results will provide more systematic information for the application of Ganoderma in the functional food and traditional medicine industries in the future.

Visualisation of the vomerovaginal canal during endonasal transpterygoid approaches and CT imaging diagnosis.

The vomerovaginal canal (VVC) and palatovaginal canal (PVC) are two canals that open forward to the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF). Although the anatomy and computed tomography (CT) appearances of the PVC have been well studied, the VVC has been rarely reported, especially in endoscopic examinations. Some studies have even failed to distinguish the PVC from the VVC on CT images. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the anatomy of the VVC on endoscopy and reveal its differences from the PVC, and to analyse the relative positions of the VVC, PVC, and pterygoid canal on CT images. Ten dry skull bases were studied to observe the structures involved in the formation of the VVC. Dissection of four cadaveric heads was performed to demonstrate the anatomy of the VVC on endoscopy. Coronal CT image analysis in 70 patients was conducted to evaluate the distances and relative positions between the VVC, PVC, and pterygoid canal. The PVC and VVC were also compared on axial CT images. The osteological study showed the top wall of the VVC was the antero-inferior wall of the sphenoid sinus. The VVC may be a helpful landmark in endoscopic endonasal transpterygoid approaches. Steps and discrimination in the dissections of the VVC and PVC were described. The interval between the PVC and VVC could be observed on both coronal and axial CT images. The coronal CT images of patients showed differences in the positions and distances among the three canals at both the anterior and posterior apertures of the PVC. The VVC can be easily mistaken for the PVC if its existence is not suspected. The anatomical morphologies and trajectories of the VVC and PVC differed on both nasal endoscopy and CT. The existence of the VVC should be considered during surgery and CT diagnosis within this area.

Combined transoral and endoscopic approach for cervical spine tumor resection.

This study aimed to explore the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of a combined transoral and endoscopic approach for the removal of benign cervical spine tumors.First, we obtained detailed anatomical measurements of the atlantoaxial joint from 20 fresh cadaveric specimens and performed simulated surgeries with the combined transoral and endoscopic approach on 10 cadaveric specimens. Then, we applied the combined approach for the resection of benign cervical spine tumors in 8 patients at our hospital from October 2013 to October 2015. All patients underwent enhanced axial, coronal, and sagittal computed tomography (CT) examination before and after surgery. Preoperative 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and printing models were used in 5 cases.On the basis of CT measurements of fresh cadaveric atlantoaxial anatomy and practical experiences from simulated surgeries on the cadaveric specimens with latex perfusion, cervical tumors were completely removed from 8 patients without complications. The average surgery time was 73 minutes, and the average intraoperative bleeding volume was 34 mL. The average hospital stay was 6.5 days. The average NRS score of patients was 2.25 points at 3 days postoperation. At the 12-month postoperative follow-up, the atlantoaxial vertebral bone had been largely repaired, and no recurrence was observed by cervical CT examination.The combined transoral and endoscopic approach could be used safely and effectively to excise cervical spine tumors with substantial advantages, including direct surgical access, relatively simple operation, short operative time, quick postoperative recovery, a reliable curative effect, and few complications.