Single-cell transcriptomic characterization of sheep conceptus elongation and implantation.

Bidirectional communication between the developing conceptus and endometrium is essential for pregnancy recognition and establishment in ruminants. We dissect the transcriptomic dynamics of sheep conceptus and corresponding endometrium at pre- and peri-implantation stages using single-cell RNA sequencing. Spherical blastocysts contain five cell types, with 68.62% trophectoderm cells. Strikingly, elongated conceptuses differentiate into 17 cell types, indicating dramatic cell fate specifications. Cell-type-specific gene expression delineates the features of distinctive trophectoderm lineages and indicates that the transition from polar trophectoderm to trophoblast increases interferon-tau expression and likely drives elongation initiation. We identify 13 endometrium-derived cell types and elucidate their molecular responses to conceptus development. Integrated analyses uncover multiple paired transcripts mediating the dialogues between extraembryonic membrane and endometrium, including IGF2-IGF1R, FGF19-FGFR1, NPY-NPY1R, PROS1-AXL, and ADGRE5-CD55. These data provide insight into the molecular regulation of conceptus elongation and represent a valuable resource for functional investigations of pre- and peri-implantation ruminant development.

Activation of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor contributed to the ultrasonic modulation of neurons in vitro.

Ultrasound stimulation is increasingly used to investigate brain function and treat brain diseases due to its high level of safety and precise spatiotemporal resolution. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in ultrasound brain stimulation. In this study, we investigate the role of NMDA receptors in mediating the effects of ultrasound on primary hippocampal neurons in mice. Our results show that ultrasound alone can activate heterologous NMDA receptor subunits, including NR1A, NR2A, and NR2B, in 293T cells, as well as endogenous NMDA receptors in primary neurons. This activation leads to an influx of calcium and an increase in nuclear c-Fos expression in primary neurons that have not been pre-treated with an NMDA receptor inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that NMDA receptors contribute to neuronal activation by ultrasound stimulation in vitro, providing insight into the molecular mechanisms of ultrasound neuromodulation and a new mediator for the sonogenetics technique.

[Clinical application of virtual surgery combined with guide plate in reduction and fixation of condylar neck fracture in 7 patients].

PURPOSE: To explore the value of virtual surgery and 3D printing model combined with guide plate in treatment of mandibular condylar neck fracture. METHODS: Seven patients with mandibular condylar neck fracture were scanned by CT for original data. The data were exported in DICOM format. A three-dimensional model was reconstructed using software, the fracture was reduced by virtual surgery, and the 3D model was printed by a 3D printer. A prebent titanium plate was used to fabricate the guide plate, which was used for reduction and fixation of the fracture block during surgery. RESULTS: All the postoperative incisions revealed no signs of infection, the wounds were hidden and beautiful. The implanted titanium plates were highly compatible with the reduced fracture segments. The patients were followed up for 6 months after surgery, the condylar fracture healed well and there was no obvious displacement. The patient developed no mandibular deviation with a stable occlusion, and no occlusal pain was reported. No obvious temporomandibular joint disorder was present. CONCLUSIONS: Virtual surgery and 3D printing model combined with guide plate can ensure an accurate reduction of condylar neck fracture and simplify the operation process, which can be used as an accurate, efficient and predictable auxiliary method.

Short-term efficacy assessment of transarterial chemoembolization combined with radioactive iodine therapy in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an effective treatment for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Radioactive iodine therapy has been used in the treatment of advanced PHC, especially in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis. However, data on the therapeutic effect of TACE combined with radioactive iodine therapy in PHC are scarce. AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation therapy in advanced PHC via perfusion computed tomography (CT). METHODS: For this study, 98 advanced PHC patients were recruited and divided randomly into the study and control groups. Patients in the study group were treated with TACE combined radioactive iodine implantation therapy. Patients in the control group were treated with only TACE. The tumor lesion length, clinical effect, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and CT perfusion parameters were compared before and after therapy, and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in tumor length and serum AFP between the study and control groups (P > 0.05) before treatment. However, the tumor length and serum AFP in the study group were lower than those in the control group 1 mo and 3 mo after therapy. After 3 mo of treatment, the complete and partial remission rate of the study group was 93.88%, which was significantly higher than the control group (77.55%) (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups on the perfusion CT variables, including the lesion blood volume, permeability surface, blood flow, hepatic artery flow and mean transit time (P > 0.05). After 3 mo of treatment, all perfusion CT variables were lower in the study group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The survival time of patients in the study group was 22 mo compared to 18 mo in the control group, which was significantly different [log rank (Mantel-Cox) = 4.318, P = 0.038]. CONCLUSION: TACE combined with radioactive iodine implantation in the treatment of advanced PHC can inhibit the formation of blood vessels in tumor tissue and reduce the perfusion level of tumor lesions, thereby improving the clinical efficacy and prolonging the survival time of patients.

Establishment of a long-term operation mechanism for sustainable development of united OPO / 器官移植

Human Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) is an indispensable part of organ donation. In recent years, with rapid development of organ donation in China, united OPO has been established based on China's national conditions and establishment of global OPO. This innovative model serves as favorable supplement and exploration for the development of OPO, promoting the development of organ donation to enter a new stage. However, there are still some shortcomings during the process of development. Efforts should be made to catch up with the development of organ donation, aim at long-term goals, and promote development in a targeted manner. In this article, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of united OPO in the development of organ donation, the establishment of a long-term operation mechanism of united OPO was analyzed from policy support, talent training, technology upgrading, quality control, ethical review, financial management and full-course supervision, aiming to provide reference for further development of united OPO in China.

Preliminary study on high throughput screening small molecules targeting Gram-negative bacilli outer membrane protein BamA / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:High-throughput screening to obtain small molecular compounds against Gram-negative bacilli by targeting BamA outer membrane protein.Methods:The sybyl-X2.1 software was used to perform high-throughput virtual screening of small molecular compounds in Chemdiv compound library based on the molecular docking. The top 150 hits by high-throughput screening were re-screened through in vitro biological experiments. The top 4 small molecules with obvious antibacterial activity were selected for in-depth molecular docking analysis, and the small molecule 8308-0401 with the highest docking score was selected for further experiments. The antibacterial effect of 8308-0401 combined with rifampicin was tested by checkerboard assay. Finally, the affinity between 8308-0401 and BamA was tested by plasma surface resonance assay. Results:The docking score of the top 150 hits calculated by high-throughput virtual screening had a mean value of 5.63. In vitro biological experiments showed that small molecules 8308-0401, 8365-1335, C066-2507 and L582-0346 exhibited strong antibacterial activity. Among those molecules, 8308-0401 showed the highest molecular docking score, and synergistic antibacterial activity against both types of strains and clinical isolates when combined with rifampicin. 8308-0401 has a strong affinity to BamA with binding a constant of 182 μmol/L. Conclusion:The small molecule 8308-0401 exerts antibacterial activity against Gram negative bacilli by targeting the outer membrane protein BamA.

The diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in AIDS patients complicated with Pneumocystis jirovecii infection / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in AIDS patients complicated with Pneumocystis jirovecii ( P. jirovecii) infection. Methods:This is a retrospective study. From January 2019 to June 2021, the respiratory tract and other body fluid samples of 236 cases of AIDS co-infected patients diagnosed in the AIDS Department of Changsha First Hospital were collected, along with corresponding medical histories. Traditional etiological hexamine silver staining and serum 1,3-β-D glucan (BDG) were performed simultaneously with mNGS detection, and Fisher′s exact test was used to analyze the results and compare the diagnostic performances of mNGS with those of hexamine silver staining and serum G test.Results:A total of 236 cases of AIDS patients with pulmonary infection were collected and tested. Seventy-seven cases were clinically diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and 159 cases with non- Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Among the 236 AIDS patients with pulmonary infection, mNGS detected 77 [32.63%(77/236)] positive cases of Pneumocystis jiroveci, while hexamine silver staining detected 10[4.24%(10/236)] and serum BDG detected 146 [61.86% (146/236). Based on these clinical diagnostic results, the sensitivity of mNGS detection was 100% (77/77) for the 77 patients with Pneumocystis pneumoniae, significantly higher than that of silver hexamine staining [12.99% (10/77), P=0.046] and serum BDG [58.44% (45/77), P=0.038]. The mNGS showed good specificity, which was the same as that of hexamine silver staining [100% (159/159)] and significantly higher than that of serum BDG [36.48% (58/159), P=0.026]. With therapeutic clinical diagnosis as the reference method, the accuracy of mNGS detection was 100% (236/236). Conclusions:This study evaluated the diagnostic value of mNGS detection in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii infection. The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of mNGS detection were high, and it had exceptional clinical application value in the pathogenic detection of infectious diseases.

Research progress in noncoding RNAs and cardiac fibrosis / 中国药理学通报

Myocardial fibrosis is a common pathological feature in various advanced cardiovascular diseases, and progressive fibrosis is the pathological basis for the development and progression of many cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. There are no effective reversal drugs for myocardial fibrosis, which is related to the lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms. Noncoding RNAs are a class of RNAs that do not function as coding proteins, and have been found to be intimately involved in the life cycle of cardiomyocyte differentiation, transcription and apoptosis, and are important regulators of cardiovascular diseases. An increasing number of studies have shown that noncoding RNAs regulate the proliferation and transformation of cardiac fibroblasts through related signaling pathways and can be used as potential biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis. This article reviews the relationship between noncoding RNAs and cardiac fibrosis.

Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of two cases of Turner syndrome due to isodicentric Xp11.22 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic characteristics of idic(X)(p11.22) in Turner syndrome (TS).@*METHODS@#Two fetuses suspected for sex chromosome abnormalities or ultrasound abnormalities were selected from Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital in October 2020 and June 2020, and amniotic fluid samples were collected for G-banded chromosomal karyotyping analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).@*RESULTS@#The two fetuses were respectively found to have a karyotype of 45,X[47]/46,X,psu idic(X)(p11.2)[53] and 46,X,psu idic(X)(p11.2). CMA found that both had deletions in the Xp22.33p11.22 region and duplications in the p11.22q28 region. FISH showed that the centromeres in both fetuses had located on an isochromosome.@*CONCLUSION@#The combination of karyotyping analysis, FISH, and CMA is useful for the delineation of complex structural chromosomal aberrations. High-resolution CMA can accurately identify chromosomal breakpoints, which can provide a clue for elucidating the mechanism of chromosomal breakage and rearrangement.

Early effectiveness of a new minimally invasive plate in treatment of varus-type ankle arthritis / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the early effectiveness of a new minimally invasive plate in the treatment of varus-type ankle arthritis.@*METHODS@#A clinical data of 15 patients with varus-type ankle arthritis who met the selection criteria between March 2021 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were treated with medial open-wedge supramalleolar osteotomy and fibular osteotomy. The osteotomies were fixed with the new minimally invasive plate. There were 7 males and 8 females with an average age of 49.8 years (range, 16-71 years). The causes of ankle arthritis included post-fracture deformity in 1 case, sprain in 8 cases, and acquired clubfoot in 1 case; and 5 cases were without obvious factors. The disease duration ranged from 1 to 12 years, with an average of 4.1 years. Comparisons were made between pre-operation and the last follow-up in the Takakura staging, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, foot function index (FFI), visual analogue scale (VAS) score, tibial anterior surface angle (TAS), tibial lateral surface angle (TLS), and talar tilt (TT).@*RESULTS@#All incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 7-18 months (mean, 12.8 months). At last follow-up, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, FFI, VAS score, and Takakura staging significantly improved when compared with the preoperative ones ( P<0.05). X-ray films showed that the osteotomy healed at 3 months after operation. At last follow-up, TAS significantly increased and TT decreased when compared with the preoperative ones ( P<0.05), and the difference in TLS between pre- and post-operation was not significant ( P>0.05). Complications included 1 case of intraoperative screw breakage and 2 cases of nerve injury of the affected foot. None of the patients complained of significant discomfort at the plate placement during follow-up, and no loosening of the internal fixator occurred. Eleven patients were very satisfied with the effeectiveness, while 4 were relatively satisfied.@*CONCLUSION@#The new minimally invasive plate for the varus-type ankle arthritis has good early effectiveness in relieving ankle pain, correcting deformity, improving limb alignment and ankle function, and reducing the incidence of postoperative incisional complications.

HbA1c comparison and diagnostic efficacy analysis of multi center different glycosylated hemoglobin detection systems / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: Compare and analyze the results of the domestic Lanyi AH600 glycated hemoglobin analyzer and other different detection systems to understand the comparability of the detection results of different detectors, and establish the best cut point of Lanyi AH600 determination of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Multi center cohort study was adopted. The clinical laboratory departments of 18 medical institutions independently collected test samples from their respective hospitals from March to April 2022, and independently completed comparative analysis of the evaluated instrument (Lanyi AH600) and the reference instrument HbA1c. The reference instruments include four different brands of glycosylated hemoglobin meters, including Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong. Scatter plot was used to calculate the correlation between the results of different detection systems, and the regression equation was calculated. The consistency analysis between the results of different detection systems was evaluated by Bland Altman method. Consistency judgment principles: (1) When the 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) of the measurement difference was within 0.4% HbA1c and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was good; (2) When the measurement difference of 95% LoA exceeded 0.4% HbA1c, and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was relatively good; (3) The measurement score was less than 80 points, the comparison consistency was poor. The difference between the results of different detection systems was tested by paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test; The best cut-off point of diabetes was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The correlation coefficient R2 of results between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument in 16 hospitals is≥0.99; The Bland Altman consistency analysis showed that the difference of 95% LoA in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180) was -0.486%-0.325%, and the measurement score was 94.6 points (473/500); The difference of 95% LoA in the Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant II) was -0.727%-0.612%, and the measurement score was 89.8 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.231%-0.461%, and the measurement score was 96.6 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.469%-0.479%, and the measurement score was 91.9 points. The other 14 hospitals, Lanyi AH600, were compared with 4 reference instrument brands, the difference of 95% LoA was less than 0.4% HbA1c, and the scores were all greater than 95 points. The results of paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument Arkray HA8180 (Z=1.665,P=0.096), with no statistical difference. The mean difference between the measured values of the two instruments was 0.004%. The comparison data of Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument of all other institutions had significant differences (all P<0.001), however, it was necessary to consider whether it was within the clinical acceptable range in combination with the results of the Bland-Altman consistency analysis. The ROC curve of HbA1c detected by Lanyi AH600 in 985 patients with diabetes and 3 423 patients with non-diabetes was analyzed, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.877, the standard error was 0.007, and the 95% confidence interval 95%CI was (0.864, 0.891), which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The maximum value of Youden index was 0.634, and the corresponding HbA1c cut point was 6.235%. The sensitivity and specificity of diabetes diagnosis were 76.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Among the hospitals and instruments currently included in this study, among these four hospitals included Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180), Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ), the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), and the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), the comparison between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instruments showed relatively good consistency, while the other 14 hospitals involved four different brands of reference instruments: Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong, Lanyi AH600 had good consistency with its comparison. The best cut point of the domestic Lanyi AH600 for detecting HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes is 6.235%.

Value of fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomographic angiography and plaque quantitative analysis in predicting adverse outcomes of non-obstructive coronary heart disease / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the value of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA)-based fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and plaque quantitative analysis in predicting adverse outcomes in patients with non-obstructive coronary heart disease (CAD).@*METHODS@#Clinical data of patients with non-obstructive CAD who underwent CCTA at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from March 2014 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and followed up, and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was recorded. The patients were divided into MACE and non-MACE groups according to the occurrence of MACE. The clinical data, CCTA plaque characteristics including plaque length, stenosis degree, minimum lumen area, total plaque volume, non-calcified plaque volume, calcified plaque volume, plaque burden (PB) and remodelling index (RI), and CT-FFR were compared between the two groups. Multivaritate Cox proportional risk model was used to evaluate the relationship between clinical factors, CCTA parameters and MACE. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to assess the predictive power of outcome prediction model based on different CCTA parameters.@*RESULTS@#Finally 217 patients were included, of which 43 (19.8%) had MACE and 174 (80.2%) did not. The median follow-up interval was 24 (16, 30) months. The CCTA showed that patients in the MACE group had more severe stenosis than that in the non-MACE group [(44.3±3.8)% vs. (39.5±2.5)%], larger total plaque volume and non-calcified plaque volume [total plaque volume (mm3): 275.1 (197.1, 376.9), non-calcified plaque volume (mm3): 161.5 (114.5, 307.8) vs. 117.9 (77.7, 185.5)], PB and RI were larger [PB: 50.2% (42.1%, 54.8%) vs. 45.1% (38.2%, 51.7%), RI: 1.19 (0.93, 1.29) vs. 1.03 (0.90, 1.22)], CT-FFR value was lower [0.85 (0.80, 0.88) vs. 0.92 (0.87, 0.97)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that non-calcified plaques volume [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.005. 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.025-4.866], PB ≥ 50% (HR = 3.146, 95%CI was 1.443-6.906), RI ≥ 1.10 (HR = 2.223, 95%CI was 1.002-1.009) and CT-FFR ≤ 0.87 (HR = 2.615, 95%CI was 1.016-6.732) were independent predictors of MACE (all P < 0.05). The model based on CCTA stenosis degree+CT-FFR+quantitative plaque characteristics (including non-calcified plaque volume, RI, PB) [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.91, 95%CI was 0.87-0.95] had significantly better predictive efficacy for adverse outcomes than the model based on CCTA stenosis degree (AUC = 0.63, 95%CI was 0.54-0.71) and the model based on CCTA stenosis degree+CT-FFR (AUC = 0.71, 95%CI was 0.63-0.79; both P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#CT-FFR and plaque quantitative analysis based on CCTA are helpful in predicting adverse outcomes in patients with non-obstructive CAD. Non-calcified plaque volume, RI, PB and CT-FFR are important predictors of MACE. Compared with the prediction model based on stenosis degree and CT-FFR, the combined plaque quantitative index can significantly improve the prediction efficiency of adverse outcomes in patients with non-obstructive CAD.

Association Analysis between Genotype and Phenotype of α,β-Thalassaemia Carriers in Huizhou Area of Guangdong Province / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the prevalence, genotype distribution and hematological characteristics of α,β-thalassaemia carriers in Huizhou area of Guangdong Province.@*METHODS@#10 809 carriers of simple β-thalassaemia and 1 757 carriers of α,β-thalassaemia were enrolled as our study cohort. The hematological parameters were detected by automated blood cell counters and automatic capillary electrophoresis. Suspension array technology, gap-polymerase chain reaction (gap-PCR) and PCR-reverse dot blot were used for the genotyping of thalassaemia carriers.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence of α,β-thalassaemia in Huizhou area of Guangdong Province was 1.99%. A total of 62 genotypes were detected, and the most prevalent genotype was --SEA/ αα, βCD41-42/ βN (19.29%), the next was --SEA/ αα, βIVS-II-654/ βN (16.73%). Significant differences in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were found between different genotype groups for simple β-thalassaemia and α,β-thalassaemia. Violin plots showed that carriers with co-inheritance of β-thalassaemia and mild α-thalassaemia expressed the lightest anemia, and carriers with co-inheritance of β-thalassaemia and hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease expressed the most severe anemia.@*CONCLUSION@#There is a high prevalence of α,β-thalassaemia in Huizhou area of Guangdong Province. Because of the lack of specific hematological makers for diagnosis of α,β-thalassaemia, it is necessary to distinguish it from simple β-thalassaemia by genotyping of α- and β-thalassaemia in order to correctly guide genetic counseling and prenatal disgnosis.

L007-0069 kills Staphylococcus aureus in high resistant phenotypes.

Staphylococcus aureus, a common gram-positive pathogenic bacterium, is a main cause of hospital infection. The prevalence rate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has made its treatment difficult in recent decades. Moreover, S. aureus in the highly tolerant format of biofilm or persister often renders infections refractory. Thus, developing new active compounds against resistant S. aureus is urgently needed. In this study, by a high-throughput screening assay, we identified a small molecule, L007-0069, that exhibited strong and effective bactericidal activity against S. aureus and its high resistance patterns, such as biofilms and persisters, with a low probability of inducing resistance. By molecular dynamics and fluorescent probe analysis, mechanistic studies revealed that the bactericidal activity of L007-0069 was mainly mediated by membrane disruption and metabolic disorder induction. Furthermore, L007-0069 showed effective anti-MRSA effects in vivo in both a wound infection model and a peritonitis-sepsis model, with no detectable toxicity observed at the therapeutic dosage. In conclusion, L007-0069 has the potential to become an alternative for the treatment of highly resistant S. aureus-related infections.

Vision loss due to uncommon "red eye": A case report.

RATIONALE: Phacolytic glaucoma is a rare complication induced by hypermature cataracts and may occasionally be encountered in some rural areas. It tends to be misdiagnosed and induces a risk of permanent vision impairment. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 63-year-old Uighur woman complained of redness and decreased vision in her right eye and was treated for endophthalmitis at a primary hospital before being referred to our hospital. DIAGNOSIS: On admission, the patient had weak light perception in the right eye, an intraocular pressure of 65 mmHg, and slit-lamp examination revealed swelling of the eyelids and significant injection of conjunctiva. The entire cornea was cloudy and edematous, whereas the aqueous humor was milky turbid. Cytological examination of the aqueous liquid confirmed the presence of lens protein-laden macrophages. A Morgagnian cataract was observed after anterior chamber irrigation. So the final diagnosis was phacolytic glaucoma. INTERVENTIONS: The patient received anterior chamber irrigation and extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation successively. OUTCOMES: Final visual acuity was limited to 6/120 due to secondary optic nerve damage. LESSONS: Phacolytic glaucoma can mimic endophthalmitis and tend to be misdiagnosed, causing permanent vision impairment. Improving awareness of phacolytic glaucoma and enhancing public health education regarding cataracts are ways to prevent phacolytic glaucoma and phacolytic glaucoma-related vision loss.

Study on antibacterial effect of halicin (SU3327) against Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium.

Enterococci are important pathogens of nosocomial infections and are increasingly difficult to treat due to their intrinsic and acquired resistance to a range of antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antibacterial agents, while drug repurposing is a promising approach to address this issue. Our study aimed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of halicin against enterococci and found that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of halicin against different strains of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium ranged from 4 to 8 µg/ml. In addition, the synergistic antibacterial effect between halicin and doxycycline (DOX) against Enterococcus was observed through the checkerboard method, and it was observed that halicin and DOX could significantly synergistically inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate preformed biofilms at sub-MICs. Moreover, the electron microscope results revealed that halicin could also disrupt the bacterial cell membrane at high concentrations. Furthermore, it is also confirmed that the combination of halicin and DOX has no significant cytotoxic effect on erythrocytes and other human-derived cells. In addition, the mouse subcutaneous model and H&E staining showed that the combination of halicin and DOX could effectively reduce the bacterial load and inflammatory infiltration without obvious side effects. In nutshell, these results demonstrate the potential of halicin in combination with DOX as a novel therapy against infections by Enterococcus.

WITHDRAWN: Design and Evaluation of Floating Micro-Carriers for Effective Delivery of a Hydrophobic Drug

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Complete mitogenome of Treron sphenurus (Aves, Columbiformes): the first representative from the genus Treron, genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of Columbidae.

The wedge-tailed green pigeon (Treron sphenurus) has a protective value in the evolution of the family Columbidae. In this study, the complete mitogenome of T. sphenurus from Baise City, China, which represents the first sequenced species of the genus Treron in Tribe Treronini, is reported. This was accomplished using PCR-based methods and a primer-walking sequencing strategy with genus-specific primers. The mitogenome was found to be 18,919 bp in length comprising 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and one control region. In terms of structure and composition, many similarities were found between the T. sphenurus and Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae (New Zealand pigeon) mitogenomes. This was further supported by phylogenetic analysis showing that T. sphenurus has a close evolutionary relationship with H. novaeseelandiae. The complete mitogenome of T. sphenurus reported here is expected to provide valuable molecular information for further studies on the phylogeny of the genus Treron and for analyses of the taxonomic status of the family Columbidae.

Analysis of the laboratory detection methods and clinical characteristics in 2019-nCoV Omicron variants / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the laboratory detection methods and clinical characteristics of patients with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant infection, to realize the rapid identification and diagnosis of 2019-nCoV Omicron variants.Methods:Totally 80 overseas patients in First Hospital of Changsha from December 16 in 2021 to January 5 in 2022 were selected, the nucleic acids and mutant genes were detected by fluorescent PCR and genome sequencing, and the clinical characteristics of patients with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant infection were analyzed.Results:The specificity was 100% (58/58) and positive predictive value was 100% (21/21) respectively, the sensitivity was 95.5% (21/22), negative predictive value was 98.3% (58/59) by detected with fluorescent PCR. It was found that there were 45-50 nucleotide displacement sites in the genome and 25-30 amino acid mutation sites in S gene fragment by genome sequencing. Clinical analysis showed that mild cases were 59.1% (13/22) in layouts, without severe and critical cases. Ages were positively associated with the clinical classification (ρ=0.698, P<0.001), foundation infections were positively associated with the clinical classification (ρ=0.636, P<0.001). Conclusions:Patients with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant infection had a high viral load and long negative conversion time of nucleic acid. Ages and foundation infections were positively associated with the clinical classification. AST/ALT was higher in the early stage of the disease. Fluorescent PCR method can be used in rapid screening patients with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant infection.

Comparison of three fixed-field IMRT plans for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To compare three fixed-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors, including the coplanar IMRT (C-IMRT) plan and the non-coplanar IMRT(NC-IMRT) plan which were based on a conventional C-arm LINAC (Trilogy), and the coplanar IMRT (H-IMRT) plan based on an O-ring LINAC (Halcyon).Methods:Based on the data of 10 patients in the Ningbo First Hospital from December 2018 to December 2021 with nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors who underwent postoperative radiotherapy, this study redesigned three IMRT plans with the same prescribed doses and optimization objectives. Then, this study compared the doses of target volumes and organ at risks(OARs), the validation pass rates, and the execution time of these plans. Friedman test was employed in this study, and multiple comparisons were further made in cases of different results.Results:The differences in the conformal index (CI) of PTV and PTV boost of the three plans were statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.51, 9.69, P < 0.05). The multiple comparisons showed that the median CI of the H-IMRT plan was higher than that of the NC-IMRT plan ( Z = 2.53, 2.68, P < 0.05). The differences in other parameters of target volumes were not statistically significant. Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, bilateral corneas, ipsilateral optic nerve, and ipsilateral eyeball ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.81, 2.09, P < 0.05). Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the NC-IMRT reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, corneas, and eyeballs and contralateral optic nerve ( Z = 2.80, 2.66, 2.80, 2.70, 2.29, 2.29, 2.65, P < 0.05) and reduced the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). Compared with the NC-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of the ipsilateral lens and cornea ( Z = 2.50, 2.08, P < 0.05), but increased the Dmax of the contralateral optic nerve and the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). The validation pass rate of the three plans met the institutional standards, and the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, the H-IMRT plan had the shortest median execution time (172.00 s), followed by the C-IMRT plan (337.50 s), and the NC-IMRT plan (388.00 s). Conclusions:The verification pass rate of the three plans can achieve the requirements of treatment implementation. The three plans had similar dosimetric differences in target volumes. However, the H-IMRT and NC-IMRT plans can protect the normal tissues (especially optical organs) more effectively than the C-IMRT plan, which is conducive to reducing the toxicity after radiotherapy and provides space for local dose increase or the radiotherapy for the treatment of tumor recurrence. The execution efficiency of the three plans is in the order of H-IMRT > C-IMRT > NC-IMRT. It is necessary to select appropriate radiotherapy equipment and technology according to actual situations.