ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the anatomic characteristics of the maxillary premolars for the planning of dental treatment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN: CBCT images were obtained for 150 maxillary premolars in 68 patients. The internal angle formed by the long axis of the maxillary premolars and the long axis of the alveolar bone was evaluated on the cross-sectional images. The vertical relationships between the maxillary premolars and the maxillary sinus were classified into 5 categories. The bone width and internal angle were compared among the images classified into the 5 categories. RESULTS: The internal angle was 25.5 ± 6.9° at the maxillary first premolars. The incidence of Type I in the maxillary first premolars was 46.7%. In the maxillary second premolars, the incidence of Type I (14.7%) was significantly lower than the total incidence of Types II, III, IV, and V (85.3%). Type I had the significantly largest internal angle (28.0 ± 7.7°) among all types for the maxillary first premolars. CONCLUSION: When considering dental treatment in the maxillary premolars, one should observe the inclination of the maxillary premolars to the alveolar bone as well as the position of the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus.
Subject(s)
Bicuspid/anatomy & histology , Bicuspid/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alveolar Process/anatomy & histology , Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Male , Maxilla/anatomy & histology , Maxillary Sinus/anatomy & histology , Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Middle AgedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study evaluated the anatomical characteristics of the maxillary premolars and molars and the maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for dental implant treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten linear items and 1 angular item on 30 sites in 30 patients were measured on 3-dimensional computed tomography images using CBCT. The vertical relationship between the maxillary sinus and the maxillary molars was classified into 5 categories. RESULTS: The horizontal thickness of the buccal alveolar bone was thinnest on the maxillary first premolars, and the horizontal thickness of the palatal alveolar bone was thickest on the maxillary second molars. Type II was most common on the maxillary first molars. The internal angle at the maxillary premolars was significantly greater than that at the maxillary molars. The internal angle and vertical distance between the apex of the roots and the maxillary sinus floor showed a positive correlation on the maxillary first premolars (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: For the selection of an appropriate approach on dental implant treatment, the evaluation of maxillary premolars and molars using of CBCT can be recommended.