Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Interferon-alpha/administration & dosage , Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation , Philadelphia Chromosome , Piperazines/administration & dosage , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy , Pyrimidines/administration & dosage , Asian People , Benzamides , Humans , Imatinib Mesylate , Interferon alpha-2 , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm, Residual , Recombinant Proteins , Remission Induction , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
A method for bioremediation of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and dibenzofurans (CDFs) by a carbazole-utilizing bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. strain CA10, was developed. CA10 cells transferred to carbon- and nitrogen-free mineral medium supplemented with 1 mg carbazole (CAR)/ml grew rapidly during the first 2 days; and the cells at the end of this rapid growth period showed the highest 2,3-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3-Cl2DD)-degrading activity. The CA10 cells pregrown for 2 days efficiently degraded 2,3-Cl2DD in aqueous solution at either 1 ppm or 10 ppm. The effect of inoculum density on the efficiency of 2,3-Cl2DD degradation was investigated in a soil slurry microcosm [ratio of soil:water = 1:5 (w/v)]. The results showed that a single inoculation with CA10 cells at densities of 10(7) CFU/g soil and 10(9) CFU/g soil degraded 46% and 80% of 2,3-Cl2DD, respectively, during the 7-day incubation. The rate of degradation of each CDD congener, 2-ClDD, 2,3-Cl2DD, and 1,2,3-Cl3DD (1 ppm each) by strain CA10 in the soil slurry system was not significantly influenced by the coexistence of the other congeners. Using this soil slurry system, we tried an experimental bioremediation of the actual dioxin-contaminated soil, which contained mainly tetra- to octochlorinated dioxins. Although the degradation rate of total CDD and CDF congeners by a single inoculation with CA10 cells was 8.3% after a 7-day incubation, it was shown that strain CA10 had a potential to degrade tetra- to hepta-chlorinated congeners including the most toxic compound, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin.
Subject(s)
Benzofurans/metabolism , Carbazoles/metabolism , Dioxins/metabolism , Pseudomonas/growth & development , Soil Pollutants/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Biotechnology/methods , Culture Media , Pseudomonas/metabolismABSTRACT
Conventional limulus amebocyte lysate tests involved procedures to prevent contamination by atmospheric endotoxins. To address this problem, the authors have proposed a technique in which the sampling, reagent mixing, and reaction steps are carried out consecutively in a single tube. Since reagents do not come in contact with the atmosphere, the new technique promises stable determination of the concentration of endotoxins in dialysate fluid. An aqueous solution of endotoxin simulating dialysate fluid was sampled in a silicone rubber tube from a sterile infusion bag, then mixed with an indicator in the same tube. After reaction at 310 K, measurements were made of light absorbance at 405 nm and its linearity with endotoxin concentration was determined. Results showed a high degree of linearity (correlation coefficient of not less than 0.99) at endotoxin concentrations of 0-15 pg/ml. The time for the reaction was shortened to 12 min, in which case the response time was 15 min. It is suggested that this new test for determining endotoxin concentration using limulus amebocyte lysate reagent, in which all three steps--sampling, mixing, and reaction--proceed continuously in a single tube, offers higher reliability, greater ease of operation, and shorter response time than conventional tests.
