ABSTRACT
We measured the annual net biomass growth, carbon content of each component and soil heterotrophic respiration in four low-efficiency interplanting patterns, i.e., Pinus massoniana stands interplanting Myrica rubra, Sapindus mukurossi, Camellia oleifera and Gardenia jasminoides in Changting County, Fujian Province, with the aim to analyze the effects of interplanting patterns on carbon storage pattern and carbon balance of low-efficiency P. massoniana stand. The ranges of carbon content in different organs of M. rubra, S. mukurossi, C. oleifera, G. jasminoides and P. massoniana were 41.1%-50.1%, 42.2%-50.6%, 45.1%-48.9%, 44.7%-49.6% and 46.1%-51.9%, respectively. Carbon content of the same organ significantly differed among tree species. The pattern of P. massoniana interplanting M. rubra and S. mukurossi had the highest carbon stock and annual net carbon increase reserves, with values of 67.62-68.42 t·hm-2 and 9.21-9.45 t·hm-2·a-1, respectively. Followed by the lower pattern of C. oleifera, G. jasminoides, with values of 31.96-36.24 t·hm-2 and 4.09-4.16 t·hm-2·a-1, respectively. The P. massoniana pure forest was the lowest, with values of 17.01 t·hm-2 and 2.00 t·hm-2·a-1, respectively. Annual flux of soil heterotrophic respiration was following the order of P. massoniana interplanting M. rubra pattern (7.41 t·hm-2·a-1) > P. massoniana interplanting C. oleifera pattern (5.89 t·hm-2·a-1)> P. massoniana interplanting S. mukurossi pattern (5.86 t·hm-2·a-1) > P. massoniana interplanting G. jasminoides pattern (4.95 t·hm-2·a-1) > P. massoniana pure forest (2.45 t·hm-2·a-1). Annual net ecosystem carbon balance of P. massoniana interplanting M. rubra and S. mukurossi patterns were 2.04 and 3.27 t C·hm-2·a-1, showing a "carbon sink" pattern. The net carbon balance in the patterns of P. massoniana interplanting C. oleifera and G. jasminoides along with P. massoniana pure forest were -1.80, -0.80 and -0.45 t C·hm-2·a-1, which expressed a "carbon source" pattern. In the short-term, interplanting with M. rubra or S. mukurossi could improve the carbon income of the low-efficiency P. massoniana stand ecosystem.
Subject(s)
Pinus , Soil , Carbon/analysis , China , Ecosystem , ForestsABSTRACT
Ecosystem service value (ESV) in 1997, 2005, 2013 and 2015 of Quanzhou Bay estuary wetland was evaluated dynamicly by market value, alternative value and opportunity cost methods, combined with classification of service indicators and deduplicate computing. The main driving forces for the changes of ESV and the pathway and intensity of their actions were identified using stepwise regression and path analysis methods. The results showed that the main ecosystem services of Quanzhou Bay estuary wetland were flood regulation, climate regulation, and food supply, which were directly driven by water supply, mariculture carrying capacity, and gross value of the regional production. Other drivers exerted indirect effect on the changes of main ESVs.
Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Wetlands , Bays , China , Conservation of Natural Resources , EstuariesABSTRACT
A laboratory test on the effects of 12 salinity-waterlogging stresses on the growth of Kandelia obovata seedlings was conducted. Nine growth indexes including seedling height, stem height, basal diameter, node number, leaf number, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass and total biomass were measured. The results showed that salinity and salinity-waterlogging stresses had significant effects on the growth of K. obovata seedlings, while waterlogging stress had no significant effects on the seedling height, stem height, basal diameter, node number and leaf number, but had significant effects on root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass and total biomass. The growth and biomass of K. obovata seedlings decreased with increasing the salinity and waterlogging time. The principal components analysis showed that K. obovata seedlings would grow best under the 7 per thousand salinity+2 h waterlogging stress, while the 21per thousand+8 h combination was a critical stress.
