[Study on the distribution and related factors of birth weight of live births in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China from 2016 to 2018].

Objective: To investigate the distribution and related factors of birth weight of live births and full-term infants in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China. Methods: Based on Guangxi women and children information system from 2016 to 2018, a large real-time database about maternal and live-birth information was established. It covered 1 712 midwifery institutions in Guangxi. A total of 2 394 240 cases of live births were collected and 2 243 129 cases of which were full-term infants. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of low birth weight. Results: The birth weight of 2 394 240 live births, (3 123.49±461.08) g, in Guangxi was approximately normal distribution with a peak distribution to the left. The incidence of low birth weight was 8.05%, and the incidence of macrosomia was 2.07%. The incidence of low birth weight was 10.92% for the puerpera with body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) <18.5, 16.82% for the puerpera with height <145 cm, 8.92% for the puerpera with age <20 years old, 7.67% for the puerpera with age ≥35 years old, and 54.65% for the puerpera with premature birth. The birth weight of 2 243 129 full-term infants, (3 176.01±400.78) g, was approximately normal distribution with a peak distribution to the right. The incidence of low birth weight was 2.97%, and the incidence of macrosomia was 2.19%. The incidence of low birth weight was 4.73% for puerpera with BMI<18.5, 8.17% for puerpera with height<145 cm, 4.83% for puerpera with age <20 years old, and 3.05% for puerpera with age ≥35 years old. The risks of low birth weight [OR (95%CI) value] of pregnant women aged <20, 25-29 and 30-34 years old were 1.31 (1.28-1.35), 0.88 (0.86-0.90) and 0.89 (0.87-0.91) times of those aged ≥35 years old. The risks of low birth weight [OR (95%CI) value] of pregnancy BMI <18.5 and 18.5-23.9 kg/m(2) group were 1.98 (1.94-2.03) and 1.20 (1.18-1.23) times of those pregnancy BMI ≥24 kg/m(2). The risks of low birth weight [OR (95%CI) value] of pregnant women's height (cm)<145, 145-154, 155-159 and 160-164 cm were 4.67 (4.39-4.97), 2.36 (2.29-2.44), 1.58 (1.53-1.63) and 1.22 (1.18-1.26) times of those heights ≥165 cm group. The risks of low birth weight [OR (95%CI) value] of pregnant women's gestational age <28, 28-31 and 32-36 years old were 136.65 (124.33-150.20), 1 704.37 (1 509.02-1 925.02) and 33.45 (32.98-33.94) times of those gestational age ≥37 years old. Conclusion: The incidence of low birth weight of live births was higher in Guangxi from 2016 to 2018. There is a higher risk of low birth weight for younger, older, low height, low BMI and preterm women in Guangxi from 2016 to 2018.

Human hepatoma HepaRG cell line engraftment in severe combined immunodeficient × beige mice using mouse-specific anti-Fas antibody.

Chimeric mice with repopulated human hepatocytes are widely used for drug development research. HepaRG cell line is a naturally immortalized human liver cell line with progenitor properties and inducible bipotent differentiation capability. It would be useful if HepaRG cells could repopulate damaged livers severe, combined immunodeficient × beige (SCID/bg) mice and exhibit special human hepatic features. After inducing mouse hepatocyte apoptosis with an antimouse agonistic Fas monoclonal antibody (Jo2 mAb), HepaRG cells with bipotent differentiation capability were repopulated in SCID/bg mouse livers. HepaRG cells were transplanted intrasplenically into SCID/bg mice treated with 0.2 mg/kg Jo2 mAb once a week for 10 weeks. Human hepatocyte repopulation was characterized by immunohistochemistry for human serum albumin (HSA), Hep Par1, and CK18 and by immunofluorescence staining for HSA. Human albumin mRNA was detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reactions. HSA levels were quantified by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Our results showed that HepaRG cell engraftment protected mice from the effects of Jo2 mAb-mediated liver hemorrhage and hepatocyte apoptosis. At 2 weeks after transplantation, increase concentrations of HSA were detected in recipient blood and liver. At 12 weeks after transplantation, approximately 15%-20% of mice showed livers repopulated with human hepatocytes. In conclusion, normal SCID/bg mice were suitable recipients for HepaRG cell transplantation when induced with Jo2 mAb. This chimeric mouse model with HepaRG cells could serve as a useful model for in vivo studies of drug metabolism and hepatitis virus infections.

Hypercapnic vasodilatation in isolated rat basilar arteries is exerted via low pH and does not involve nitric oxide synthase stimulation or cyclic GMP production.

The relaxant effect of hypercapnia (15% CO2) was studied in isolated circular segments of rat basilar arteries with intact endothelium. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) and the cytosolic guanylate cyclase inhibitor methylene blue (MB), significantly reduced this relaxation by 54% and 70%, respectively. The effect of L-NOARG was completely reversed by L-arginine. Blockade of nerve excitation with tetrodotoxin (TTX) had no affect on the 15% CO2 elicited vasodilatation. Measurements of cGMP in vessel segments showed no significant increase in cGMP content in response to hypercapnia. L-NOARG and MB, but not TTX, significantly reduced the basal cGMP content in cerebral vessels. Adding 1.5% halothane to the incubation medium did not result in a significant increase in cGMP content. Lowering the pH by cumulative application of 0.12 M HCl resulted in relaxation identical to that obtained by lowering the pH with 15% CO2. In vessel segments in which the endothelium had been removed beforehand 15% CO2 induced relaxation that was not different from that seen in vessels with intact endothelium. L-NOARG had no affect in endothelium denuded vessels. The results suggest that high CO2 elicits vasodilatation of isolated rat basilar arteries by a mechanism independent of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. The markedly reduced basal cGMP levels in cerebral vessels by L-NOARG and MB suggest that there exists a basal NO formation in the cerebral vessel wall.