Evidence-Based Strategies to Enhance Weight Management Programs for Adult Military Beneficiaries: A Narrative Review.

INTRODUCTION: Overweight and obesity trends are on the rise among both civilian and military beneficiaries. The purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate nutrition, behavioral, lifestyle, pharmacotherapy, and alternative approaches to weight management (WM) among adults with a focus toward identifying gaps and evidence-based strategies that could support or enhance current and future WM programming among military adult beneficiaries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A trained research team identified publications (January 2013-January 2020) for abstract review using key search terms and inclusion criteria. Two independent researchers conducted both the abstract review and full-paper bias scoring using selected Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. All eligible studies were assessed for bias and categorized based on key themes. The study was registered in PROSPERO, the international prospective register of systematic reviews. RESULTS: The research team identified 741 articles, with 278 meeting final inclusion criteria. The mean bias score was 7.5 ± 3.9 (score of 0-13; higher indicating fewer bias factors), with 64% scoring ≥9. Factors contributing to low bias included intervention compliance, dropout rate, and inability to blind participants. The most common published weight-loss interventions included a combination of therapies (59%), diet/supplement (17%), other approaches (12%), behavior change (7%), and exercise (6%). Themes identified to improve WM outcomes included leveraging technology, increasing intervention interactions, community support, emphasis on early weight loss, pharmacotherapy risk-benefit, enhanced behavioral component, resistance exercise, mindfulness, and benefits of quality-of-life measures. CONCLUSIONS: Reviewers identified several validated tools and techniques to augment and update existing WM programming to improve health and weight outcomes. The review affirmed use of individualized dietary patterns and not a "one-size-fits-all approach" as well as incorporating more comprehensive and team-approached treatments to make the best use of tools and strategies to enhance outcomes.

Now Tell Us What You Want: Information-Seeking Habits of Health Sciences Faculty.

Over the years, library collections have vastly changed due to an ever-growing presence of resources available online. Many libraries have experienced a dramatic decrease in the circulation of physical materials with the shift to online availability of materials. It is of great value to ensure libraries are meeting the needs of their users, and this can be accomplished by identifying their information-seeking patterns. The aim of this article is to examine how faculty use the library and to identify what services and resources are of value to their work.