Influence of Cavity Dimensions on Microleakage of Two Bulk-Fill Composite Resins

Objective: To evaluate the effect of cavity dimensions on the amount of microleakage in two different types of bulk-fill composite resins. Material and Methods: Forty class II cavities were prepared in the mesial and distal surfaces of human molars without any carious lesions. The samples were divided into 4 groups (n=10): Group 1: cavities with 3 mm of buccolingual width (known as the smaller cavity), filled with Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill composite resin; Group 2: cavities with 6 mm of buccolingual width (larger cavity), filled with Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill composite resin; Group 3: cavities with 3 mm of buccolingual width, filled with X-Tra Base composite resin; and Group 4: cavities with 6 mm of buccolingual width, filled with X-Tra Base composite. After the specimens were thermocycled for 500 cycles at 5/55°C, they were immersed in 1% methylene blue for 24 hours, and then cut into sections mesiodistally in the longitudinal axis of each tooth. Then, the samples were scored regarding the amount of dye penetration in two occlusal and gingival areas under a stereomicroscope (x32). Data was submitted to Kruskal- Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The highest degrees of microleakage in larger cavities filled with X-Tra Base among the four groups. There was a significant statistic difference (p=0.012) between large and small cavities filled with X-Tra Base (Groups 3 and 4); however, there was no significant difference between the two cavity sizes of Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-filled groups. Conclusion: Microleakage of composite resins depends on the dimension of the cavity and the type of composite resin used.

In-Office Guided Implant Placement for Prosthetically Driven Implant Surgery.

Application of surgical stents for implant placement via guided flapless surgery is increasing. However, high cost, need for some professional machines, and not taking into account the soft-tissue parameters have limited their application. We sought to design and introduce a technique named in-office guided implant placement (iGIP) to decrease the cost by using available devices in office and enhance the applicability of surgical stents. A customized surgical stent was fabricated based on prosthetic, soft- and hard-tissue parameters by taking into account the amount of available bone (using the computed tomographic [CT] data), soft-tissue thickness and contour (using a composite-covered radiographic stent), and position of the final crown (by diagnostic cast wax up and marking the final crown position with composite). The efficacy of iGIP, in terms of the accuracy of the three-dimensional position of the implant placed in the study cast and in patient's mouth, was confirmed by direct observation and postoperative CT. The iGIP can enhance implant placement in the prosthetically desired position in various types of edentulism. Using this technique minimizes the risk of unwanted consequences, as the soft-tissue thickness and contour are taken into account when fabricating a surgical stent.

Chondroid syringoma of the forearm: a case report of a rare localization.

Chondroid syringoma (CS) is an uncommon benign adnexal tumor of the skin with eccrine and apocrine origin, which usually involves the head and neck region. The presentation of CS in other areas of the body is rare. A 45-year-old male patient presented to the dermatology clinic with a chief complaint of a painless, slow-growing mass on his left forearm, which gradually developed over the course of 2 years. A solitary, firm, purple, mobile, non-tender nodule was located in the distal part of left dorsal forearm, which was 1.8 cm in diameter. The tumor was surgically excised and sent for the histopathological evaluation. Results of biopsy and hematoxylin and eosin staining confirmed the diagnosis of CS and showed no evidence of malignancy. Although CS is an uncommon tumor in uppr limb region, it should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses, when dealing with tumors of this area.