Environmental distribution and genomic characteristics of Solirubrobacter, with proposal of two novel species.

Solirubrobacter spp. were abundant in soil samples collected from deserts and other areas with high UV radiation. In addition, a novel Solirubrobacter species, with strain CPCC 204708T as the type, was isolated and identified from sandy soil sample collected from the Badain Jaran Desert of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. Strain CPCC 204708T was Gram-stain positive, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming, and grew optimally at 28-30°C, pH 7.0-8.0, and in the absence of NaCl. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CPCC 204708T showed its identity within the genus Solirubrobacter, with highest nucleotide similarities (97.4-98.2%) to other named Solirubrobacter species. Phylogenetic and genomic analyses indicated that the strain was most closely related to Solirubrobacter phytolaccae KCTC 29190T, while represented a distinct species, as confirmed from physiological properties and comparison. The name Solirubrobacter deserti sp. nov. was consequently proposed, with CPCC 204708T (= DSM 105495T = NBRC 112942T) as the type strain. Genomic analyses of the Solirubrobacter spp. also suggested that Solirubrobacter sp. URHD0082 represents a novel species, for which the name Candidatus "Solirubrobacter pratensis" sp. nov. was proposed. Genomic analysis of CPCC 204708T revealed the presence of genes related to its adaptation to the harsh environments of deserts and may also harbor genes functional in plant-microbe interactions. Pan-genomic analysis of available Solirubrobacter spp. confirmed the presence of many of the above genes as core components of Solirubrobacter genomes and suggests they may possess beneficial potential for their associate plant and may be important resources for bioactive compounds.

Corrigendum: Geminicoccus flavidas sp. nov. and Geminicoccus harenae sp. nov., two IAA-producing novel rare bacterial species inhabiting desert biological soil crusts.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034816.].

Three new isocoumarin analogues from an endolichenic fungus Aspergillus flavus CPCC 400810.

Five isocoumarin derivatives including three new compounds, aspermarolides A-C (1-3), and two known analogues, 8-methoxyldiaporthin (4) and diaporthin (5) were obtained from the culture extract of Aspergillus flavus CPCC 400810. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The double bond geometry of 1 and 2 were assigned by the coupling constants. The absolute configuration of 3 was determined by electronic circular dichroism experiment. All compounds showed no cytotoxic activities against the two human cancer cells HepG2 and Hela.

Pangenome analysis of the genus Herbiconiux and proposal of four new species associated with Chinese medicinal plants.

Five Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinobacterial strains designated as CPCC 205763T, CPCC 203386T, CPCC 205716T, CPCC 203406T, and CPCC 203407 were obtained from different ecosystems associated with four kinds of Chinese traditional medicinal plants. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of these five strains showed closely related to members of the genus Herbiconiux of the family Microbacteriaceae, with the highest similarities of 97.4-99.7% to the four validly named species of Herbiconiux. In the phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the core genome, these isolates clustered into the clade of the genus Herbiconiux within the lineage of the family Microbacteriaceae. The overall genome relatedness indexes (values of ANI and dDDH) and the phenotypic properties (morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics) of these isolates, readily supported to affiliate them to the genus Herbiconiux, representing four novel species, with the isolates CPCC 203406T and CPCC 203407 being classified in the same species. For which the names Herbiconiux aconitum sp. nov. (type strain CPCC 205763T = I19A-01430T = CGMCC 1.60067T), Herbiconiux daphne sp. nov. (type strain CPCC 203386T = I10A-01569T = DSM 24546T = KCTC 19839T), Herbiconiux gentiana sp. nov. (type strain CPCC 205716T = I21A-01427T = CGMCC 1.60064T), and Herbiconiux oxytropis sp. nov. (type strain CPCC 203406T = I10A-02268T = DSM 24549T = KCTC 19840T) were proposed, respectively. In the genomes of these five strains, the putative encoding genes for amidase, endoglucanase, phosphatase, and superoxidative dismutase were retrieved, which were classified as biosynthetic genes/gene-clusters regarding plant growth-promotion (PGP) functions. The positive results from IAA-producing, cellulose-degrading and anti-oxidation experiments further approved their potential PGP bio-functions. Pangenome analysis of the genus Herbiconiux supported the polyphasic taxonomy results and confirmed their bio-function potential.

Metabolites from the plant endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. CPCC 401423 and their cytotoxic activity against MIA PaCa-2 cells.

Twenty-two metabolites were isolated from Penicillium sp. CPCC 401423 cultured on rice. The structures of all compounds were elucidated mainly by MS and NMR analysis as well as the necessary CD experimental evidence, of which penicillidione A (1), penicillidione B (2), (E)-4-[(4-acetoxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]phenylacetic acid (3), (S)-2-hydroxy-2-{4-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]phenyl} (4), (S)-4-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methyl-butoxy)phenylacetic acid (5), (E)-4-[(3-carboxy-2-butenyl)oxy]benzoic acid (6), (Z)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]benzoic acid (7), open-cycled N-demethylmelearoride A (12), and penostatin M (16) were identified as new compounds. The cytotoxic activity against human pancreatic carcinoma cell line MIA PaCa-2a was detected. Among them, compounds 13-15 and 22 displayed significant cytotoxicity against MIA-PaCa-2 cells with IC50 values of 8.9, 36.5, 31.8, and 22.3 µM, respectively (positive control gemcitabine IC50 65.0 µM).

Corrigendum: Pangenome analysis of the genus Herbiconiux and proposal of four new species associated with Chinese medicinal plants.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119226.].

Shinella lacus sp. nov., a novel microcystin-degrading alphaproteobacterium containing the bla carbapenemase gene.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, microcystin-degrading bacterium, designated as CPCC 100929T, was isolated from a fresh water reservoir in Sichuan Province, PR China. This isolate grew well at 4-37 °C and pH 6.0-8.0, with optimal growth at 28-32 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω6c, C16:0, C18:1 ω7c 11-methyl and C19:0 cyclo ω8c. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine were detected in the polar lipids extraction. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CPCC 100929T was closely related to those of members of the genus Shinella, with the highest similarity of 98.6 % to Shinella zoogloeoides DSM 287T and 97.4-98.4 % with other identified Shinella members. In the phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the core-genes analysis, strain CPCC 100929T was included within the clade of the genus Shinella. The values of average nucleotide identity (81.4-86.7 %) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (25.4-44.6 %) between strain CPCC 100929T and other Shinella species were all below the thresholds for bacterial species delineation, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CPCC 100929T was 63.6 %. The genomic sequence analysis indicated that this species contained genes encoding peroxidase, bla carbapenemase and the key enzyme for microcystin bio degradation, as well as rich carbohydrate-active enzyme coding genes, which might endow the micro-organism with properties to adapt to diverse environments. Based on its phenotypic and genetic properties, we propose that strain CPCC 100929T (=T1A350T=KCTC 72957T) is the type strain of a novel species with the name Shinella lacus sp. nov.

Geminicoccus flavidas sp. nov. and Geminicoccus harenae sp. nov., two IAA-producing novel rare bacterial species inhabiting desert biological soil crusts.

Two Gram-staining negative strains (CPCC 101082T and CPCC 101083T) were isolated from biological sandy soil crusts samples collected from Badain Jaran desert, China. Both isolates were heterotrophic phototroph, could produce indole-3-acetic acid. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of these two strains were closely related to the members of the family Geminicoccaceae, showing high similarities with Geminicoccus roseus DSM 18922T (96.9%) and Arboricoccus pini B29T1T (90.1%), respectively. In phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CPCC 101082T and CPCC 101083T formed a robust distinct clade with Geminicoccus roseus DSM 18922T within the family Geminicoccaceae, which indicated that these two isolates could be classified into the genus Geminicoccus. The growth of strain CPCC 101082T occurred at 15-42°C and pH 4.0-10.0 (optima at 28-37°C and pH 6.0-8.0). The growth of strain CPCC 101083T occurred at 4-45°C and pH 4.0-10.0 (optima at 25-30°C and pH 6.0-8.0). The major cellular fatty acids of CPCC 101082T and CPCC 101083T contained C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω6c, cyclo-C19:0 ω8c, and C16:0. Q-10 was detected as the sole respiratory quinone. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified aminolipid were tested in the polar lipids profile. The genomes of the two isolates were characterized as about 5.9 Mbp in size with the G + C content of nearly 68%. The IAA-producing encoding genes were predicated in both genomes. The values of average nucleotide identity were 80.6, 81.2 and 92.4% based on a pairwise comparison of the genomes of strains CPCC 101082T and CPCC 101083T and Geminicoccus roseus DSM 18922T, respectively. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics, the strains CPCC 101082T (=NBRC 113513T = KCTC 62853T) and CPCC 101083T (=NBRC 113514T = KCTC 62854T) are proposed to represent two novel species of the genus Geminicoccus with the names Geminicoccus flavidas sp. nov. and Geminicoccus harenae sp. nov.

Characterization of three Stenotrophomonas strains isolated from different ecosystems and proposal of Stenotrophomonas mori sp. nov. and Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii sp. nov.

Stenotrophomonas spp. have primarily been reported as non-pathogenic, plant-probiotic bacteria, despite the presence of some opportunistic human pathogens in the genus. Here, three Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria, designated as strains CPCC 101365T, CPCC 101269T, and CPCC 101426 were isolated from surface-sterilized medicinal plant roots of a mulberry plant in Chuxiong of the Yunnan Province, freshwater from Erhai Lake in the Yunnan Province, and sandy soils in the Badain Jaran desert in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis of these isolates in comparison with sequences from the GenBank database indicated that they belong to the genus Stenotrophomonas, with nucleotide similarities of 96.52-99.92% to identified Stenotrophomonas members. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences confirmed that the isolates are members of the genus Stenotrophomonas. Values for genomic average nucleotide identity (ANI; <95%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH; < 70%) indicated that strains CPCC 101365T and CPCC 101269T were well-differentiated from validly described Stenotrophomonas species, while strain CPCC 101426 shared high ANI (97.7%) and dDDH (78.3%) identity with its closest phylogenetic neighbor, Stenotrophomonas koreensis JCM 13256T. The three genomes were approximately 3.1-4.0 Mbp in size and their G + C content ranged in 66.2-70.2%, with values slightly differing between CPCC 101365T (3.4 Mbp; 70.2%), CPCC 101269T (4.0 Mbp; 66.4%), and CPCC 101426 (3.1 Mbp; 66.2%). Genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores were identified in the genomes of the three isolates, suggesting that these strains might serve roles as plant-growth promoting microorganisms. The polar lipid fractions of the three isolates primarily comprised diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The predominant cellular fatty acid was iso-C15: 0, with moderate amounts of antesio-C15: 0, iso-C11: 0, iso C17: 1 É·9c/C16: 0 10-methyl, iso-C14: 0, and C16: 1 É·7c/C16: 1 É·6c. These results indicated that polyphasic characteristics of strains CPCC 101365T and CPCC 101269T differed from other identified Stenotrophomonas species and that strain CPCC 101426 was affiliated with the species Stenotrophomonas koreensis. Accordingly, two novel species of the genus Stenotrophomonas were consequently proposed, corresponding to Stenotrophomonas mori sp. nov. (type strain CPCC 101365T = DY006T = KCTC 82900T) and Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii sp. nov. (type strain CPCC 101269T = K32T = KCTC 82901T). Highlights: Members of the genus Stenotrophomonas, and particularly Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, are opportunistic human pathogens, but not enough research has evaluated the identification of environmental Stenotrophomonas spp. However, most Stenotrophomonas spp. serves as plant-probiotic bacteria.In this study, we obtained and characterized three Stenotrophomonas strains from different ecosystems. Based on phenotypic differences, chemotaxonomic properties, ANI and dDDH identity values, and phylogenetic analyses, two novel Stenotrophomonas species are proposed for the strains identified here. The encoding genes related to plant-growth promotion in the genomes of the newly recovered Stenotrophomonas spp. were retrieved. Follow-on experiments confirmed that these strains produced the important plant hormone IAA. Thus, these Stenotrophomonas spp. could considerably contribute to shaping and maintaining ecological stability in plant-associated environments, particularly while acting as plant-probiotic microorganisms.

Properties of Modestobacter deserti sp. nov., a Kind of Novel Phosphate-Solubilizing Actinobacteria Inhabited in the Desert Biological Soil Crusts.

Three Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, motile actinobacterial strains designated as CPCC 205119T, CPCC 205215, and CPCC 205251 were isolated from different biological soil crust samples collected from Tengger Desert, China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison of these three strains showed they had almost identical 16S rRNA genes, which were closely related to members of the family Geodermatophilaceae, with the highest similarities of 96.3-97.3% to the species of Modestobacter. In the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, these isolates clustered into a subclade next to the branch containing the species of Modestobacter lapidis and Modestobacter multiseptatus, within the lineage of the genus Modestobacter. The comparative genomic characteristics (values of ANI, dDDH, AAI, and POCP) and the phenotypic properties (morphological, physiological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics) of these isolates readily supported to affiliate them to the genus Modestobacter as a single separate species. For which, we proposed that the isolates CPCC 205119T, CPCC 205215, and CPCC 205251 represent a novel species of the genus Modestobacter as Modestobacter deserti sp. nov. CPCC 205119T (=I12A-02624=NBRC 113528T=KCTC 49201T) is the type strain. The genome of strain CPCC 205119T consisted of one chromosome (4,843,235bp) containing 4,424 coding genes, 48 tRNA genes, five rRNA genes, three other ncRNA genes, and 101 pseudogenes, with G+C content of 74.7%. The whole-genome sequences analysis indicated that this species contained alkaline phosphatase genes (phoA/phoD), phosphate transport-related genes (phoU, phnC, phnD, phnE, phoB, phoH, phoP, phoR, pitH, ppk, pstA, pstB, pstC, and pstS), trehalose-phosphate synthase gene (otsA), trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase gene (otsB) and other encoding genes for the properties that help the microorganisms to adapt to harsh environmental conditions prevalent in deserts. Strains of this species could solubilize tricalcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] and phytin, assimilate pyrophosphate, thiophosphate, dithiophosphate, phosphoenol pyruvate, 2-deoxy-d-glucose-6-phosphate, and cysteamine-S-phosphate.

Geographic Distance and Habitat Type Influence Fungal Communities in the Arctic and Antarctic Sites.

The Antarctic and Arctic regions are collectively referred to as the "Two Poles" of the earth and have extremely harsh climate conditions and fragile ecosystems. Until now, the biogeography of the fungal communities in the bipolar regions is not well known. In this study, we focused on the fungal communities in 110 samples collected from four habitat types (i.e., soil, vascular plant, freshwater, moss) in the Antarctic and Arctic sites using high-throughput sequencing. The data showed that the diversity and composition of fungal communities were both geographically patterned and habitat-patterned. ANOSIM tests revealed statistically significant differences among fungal communities in the eight sample types (R = 0.5035, p < 0.001) and those in the bipolar regions (R = 0.32859, p < 0.001). Only 396 OTUs (14.8%) were shared between the bipolar sites. Fungal communities in the four habitat types clustered together in the Arctic site but were separate from those of the Antarctic site, indicating that geographic distance was a more important determinant of fungal communities in the bipolar sites. These findings offer insights into the present-day biogeography of fungal communities in the bipolar sites.

Saccharomycomorpha psychra n. g., n. sp., a Novel Member of Glissmonadida (Cercozoa) Isolated from Arctic and Antarctica.

A novel genus and species within the order Glissmonadida (Cercozoa, Rhizaria), Saccharomycomorpha psychra n. g., n. sp., is described from lichen in the Ny-Ålesund region (High Arctic) and moss in the Fildes peninsula of King George Island (Maritime Antarctica). Cells were spherical and did not appear to present flagella in organic-rich Potato Dextrose Agar medium where they were able to feed osmotrophically. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that Saccharomycomorpha psychra belong to "clade T" within the order Glissmonadida (Cercozoa, Rhizaria). All three investigated strains could grow at 4 °C and had an optimum growth temperature of 12 °C, 20 °C, and 20 °C, while a maximum growth temperature of 20 °C, 20 °C, and 25 °C, respectively. In conclusion, we established the phenotypic identity of "clade T," which until now was exclusively detected by environmental sequences, and erect a new family Saccharomycomorphidae for "clade T." Nomenclatural, morphological and ecological aspects of this novel species are discussed.

Anthraquinone analogues with inhibitory activities against influenza a virus from Polygonatum odoratum.

Three anthraquinone analogues (1-3) were isolated by phytochemical work on EtOAc-soluble ingredients extracted from the roots of Polygonatum odoratum. The structures of all isolates were elucidated by NMR, MS and CD experiments, of which 1 (polygodoquinone A) was identified as a new anthraquinone derivative. Specifically, 1 represents an unusual structure composed of a naphthoquinone derivative linked to an anthraquinone via a C-C bond. 1-3 exhibited remarkable influenza A virus inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 11.4, 11.0, and 2.3 µM, respectively, which were better than ribavirin as the positive control.

Isolation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Bacterial and Fungal Representatives Associated With Particulate Matter During Haze and Non-haze Days.

Particulate matter (PM) has been a threat to the environment and public health in the metropolises of developing industrial countries such as Beijing. The microorganisms associated with PM have an impact on human health if they are exposed to the respiratory tract persistently. There are few reports on the microbial resources collected from PM and their antimicrobial activities. In this study, we greatly expanded the diversity of available commensal organisms by collecting 1,258 bacterial and 456 fungal isolates from 63 PM samples. A total of 77 bacterial genera and 35 fungal genera were included in our pure cultures, with Bacillus as the most prevalent cultured bacterial genus, Aspergillus, and Penicillium as the most prevalent fungal ones. During heavy-haze days, the numbers of colony-forming units (CFUs) and isolates of bacteria and fungi were decreased. Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Chaetomium were found to be enriched during haze days, while Kocuria, Microbacterium, and Penicillium were found to be enriched during non-haze days. Antimicrobial activity against common pathogens have been found in 40 bacterial representatives and 1 fungal representative. The collection of airborne strains will provide a basis to greatly increase our understanding of the relationship between bacteria and fungi associated with PM and human health.

Fusapyrone A, a γ-pyrone derived from a desert Fusarium sp.

In this work, we isolated and characterized fusapyrone A (1), a new γ-pyrone derivative, along with six previously described compounds from the rice fermentation of Fusarium sp. CPCC 401218, a fungus collected from the desert. The structure of 1 was characterized using various spectroscopic analyses, such as MS, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined through the use of 13C NMR chemical shifts, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and optical rotation (OR) calculations. Compound 1 was found to have weak antiproliferative activity for Hela cells, with an IC50 of 50.6 µM.[Formula: see text].

Roseomonas harenae sp. nov., from desert gravel soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, pink-pigmented, coccus bacterium, designated CPCC 101081T, was isolated from a gravel soil sample collected from Badain Jara desert, PR China. Growth of the isolate occurred at 10-37 °C and pH 5.0-8.0, with optimal growth at 28-32 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c/C 18:1ω6c), summed feature 3 (C 16:1ω6c/C16:1ω7c) and C18:12-OH. Q-10 was detected as the main respiratory quinone. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified phospholipid, an amino-containing lipid and an unidentified glycophospholipid were examined in the polar lipids extraction. The 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison of strain CPCC 101081T with the available sequences in the GenBank database showed that the isolate was closely related to members of the genus Rosenomonas, with the highest similarity to Roseomonas rosea DSM 14916T (97.4 %). In the phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the core genomes, strain CPCC 101081T was included within the clade of the genus Roseomonas, representing a species level, with the closest neighbor of R. rosea DSM 14916T . The genomic DNA G+C content was 68.7 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain CPCC 101081T and the related type strains of the genus Roseomonas were all far lower than the cut-off values for definition species. On the basis of above phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain CPCC 101081T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Roseomonas with the name Roseomonas harenae sp. nov. strain CPCC 101081T (=KCTC 62852T=NBRC 113512T) is the type strain of the species.

Steroidal glycosides, homoisoflavanones and cinnamic acid derivatives from Polygonatum odoratum and their inhibitory effects against influenza A virus.

A phytochemical investigation of Polygonatum odoratum roots led to the isolation of fifteen steroidal glycosides (1-15), three homoisoflavanones (16-18) and four cinnamic acid derivatives (19-22). The structures of all isolated compounds were established mainly by spectroscopic analyses as well as necessary chemical evidence, of which 1-8 (polygodorasides A-G) were identified as new steroidal glycosides. Among the isolates, compounds 7 and 17 showed remarkable in vitro inhibitory effects against influenza A virus with IC50 values of 14.30 and 49.70 µM (positive control ribavirin 28.4 µM).

Ornithinimicrobium cerasi sp. nov., isolated from the fruit of Cerasus pseudocerasus and emended description of the genus Ornithinimicrobium.

Strain CPCC 203383T, isolated from the surface-sterilized fruit of Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G. Don, was taxonomically characterized based on a polyphasic investigation. It had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Ornithinimicrobium pekingense DSM 21552 (97.2 %) and O. kibberense DSM 17687T (97.2%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain formed a distinct phyletic branch within the genus Ornithinimicrobium and the whole genome sequence data analyses supported that strain CPCC 203383T was phylogenetically related to the Ornithinimicrobium species. The isolate shared a range of phenotypic patterns reported for members of the genus Ornithinimicrobium, but also had a range of cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics that separated it from related Ornithinimicrobium species. The menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and unidentified lipids (ULs). The major fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16:0, 9-methyl C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The cell wall peptidoglycan contains l-ornithine as diagnostic diamino acid and an interpeptide bridge consisting of L-Orn←L-Ala←Gly←D-Asp. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data indicated that the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Ornithinimicrobium, for which the name Ornithinimicrobium cerasi sp. nov. is proposed, with CPCC 203383T(=NBRC 113522T=KCTC 49200T) as the type strain. The DNA G+C composition is 72.3 mol%. The availability of new data allows for an emended description of the genus Ornithinimicrobium.

Desertihabitans brevis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sand of the Taklamakan desert, and emended description of the genus Desertihabitans.

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain 16Sb5-5T, was isolated from a sand sample collected in the Taklamakan desert in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The strain was examined by a polyphasic approach to clarify its taxonomic position. Cells of the isolate were Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, non-motile and short-rod shaped. Strain 16Sb5-5T grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 7.0 and with 0‒2 % (w/v) NaCl. The cell-wall peptidoglycan was of the A3γ type and contained alanine, glycine, glutamic acid and ll-diaminopimelic acid (ll-DAP). Ribose, arabinose and glucose were detected in the whole-cell hydrolysates. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified phospholipid, three unidentified glycolipids and three unidentified lipids. The major whole-cell fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 16Sb5-5T was closely related to Desertihabitans aurantiacus CPCC 204711T (99.8 % similarity) and formed a robust clade with D. aurantiacus in the phylogenetic trees. In silico genomic comparisons showed that strain 16Sb5-5T exhibited ANI values of 94.8-94.9 % and GGDC value of 59.5 % to D. aurantiacus CPCC 204711T. The genomic G+C content was 73.3 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain 16Sb5-5T could be distinguishable from its closest phylogenetic relative and represents a novel species of the genus Desertihabitans, for which the name Desertihabitans brevis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 16Sb5-5T (=KCTC 49116T=CGMCC 1.16553T). The description of the genus Desertihabitans has also been emended.

Roseomonas vastitatis sp. nov. isolated from Badain Jaran desert in China.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, coccobacillus-shaped bacterium, designated CPCC 101021T, was isolated from a sandy soil sample collected from Badain Jaran desert, China. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence was closely related to those of members of the genus Roseomonas, showing high similarities with Roseomonas hibiscisoli THG-N2.22T (98.0 %), Roseomonas oryzae KCTC 42542T (97.9 %), Roseomonas rhizosphaerae YW11T (97.9 %) and Roseomonas suffusca S1T (97.8 %). In the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CPCC 101021T formed a distinct subclade with R. oryzae KCTC 42542T within the genus Roseomonas. Growth of the isolate occurred at 15-37 °C and pH 6.0-8.5, with optimal growth at 30 °C and pH 7.0. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 8 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c/C16 : 1ω7c) and C16 : 0ω6c. Q-10 was detected as the main component in the respiratory quinone system, with Q-9 as a minor component. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified glycolipid were found in the polar lipid profile. The genomic DNA G+C content was 68.7 mol%. The average nucleotide identity was 84.6 % when comparing the draft genome sequences of strain CPCC 101021T with R. oryzae KCTC 42542T. On the basis of genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics, strain CPCC 101021T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Roseomonas with the name Roseomonas vastitatis sp. nov. Strain CPCC 101021T (=J1A743T=KCTC 62043T) is the type strain of the species.