Ru-Ni Alloy Nanoparticles Loaded on N-Doped Amphiphilic Mesoporous Hollow Carbon@silica Spheres as Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of α-Pinene to cis-Pinane.

N-doped mesoporous carbon spheres (NHMC@mSiO2 ) encapsulated in silica shells were prepared by emulsion polymerization and domain-limited carbonization using ethylenediamine as the nitrogen source, and Ru-Ni alloy catalysts were prepared for the hydrogenation of α-pinene in the aqueous phase. The internal cavities of this nanomaterial are lipophilic, enhancing mass transfer and enrichment of the reactants, and the hydrophilic silica shell enhances the dispersion of the catalyst in water. N-doping allows more catalytically active metal particles to be anchored to the amphiphilic carrier, enhancing its catalytic activity and stability. In addition, a synergistic effect between Ru and Ni significantly enhances the catalytic activity. The factors influencing the hydrogenation of α-pinene were investigated, and the optimum reaction conditions were determined to be as follows: 100 °C, 1.0 MPa H2 , 3 h. The high stability and recyclability of the Ru-Ni alloy catalyst were demonstrated through cycling experiments.

Alkylation of isobutane and isobutene catalyzed by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-taurine deep eutectic solvents in polyethylene glycol.

Conventional acidic catalysts for isobutane and isobutene alkylation exhibit low alkylate selectivity. Herein, we employed an acidic deep eutectic solvent, consisting of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and taurine, in polyethylene glycol as the catalyst. Its high conversion rate and selectivity, as well as recyclability, make it suitable for alkylate gasoline preparation.

Hydrogenation of biodiesel using thermoregulated phase-transfer catalyst for production of fatty alcohols.

The hydrogenation of biodiesel was investigated in presence of thermoregulated phase-transfer catalysts to produce fatty alcohols. The thermoregulated catalytic system Pd/IV (IV: P-ligand, tri-(methoxyl polyethylene glycol)-phosphite) exhibited an efficient catalytic performance for the hydrogenation. It was also found that the steric resistance of the P-ligand, to a large extent, affected the performance of catalytic system. Using Pd/IV as catalyst, the product could be easily separated from the catalytic system and the catalyst was of good reusability. Thus, a clean and environmentally friendly strategy for the production of fatty alcohol is provided.