ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study clinical features, treatment and curative effects in children with acute clenbuterol poisoning, in order to provide a basis for early diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: Clinical data of 28 hospitalized children with acute clenbuterol poisoning in April 2011 were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Of the 28 patients, there were 15 males and 13 females, aged 1 to 13 years (mean age 6.5±4.8 years). Vomiting, palpitations and limb shaking were found as main clinical manifestations in the patients. Main changes of blood biochemical included hypokalemia, lactic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hypsocreatinkinase. Snus tachycardia and S-T segment depression were observed on ECG. Patients' symptoms were gradually alleviated after 12-78 hours by use of beta blockers, potassium supplement, protecting the heart and other symptomatic and supportive treatment. Blood biochemical indexes were improved after 48 hours of admission. All of the patients were cured after 5 days. The symptoms of the patients do not longer occur during a follow up of half a month. CONCLUSIONS: Acute clenbuterol poisoning is characterized by vomiting, palpitations, limb shaking, hypokalemia, lactic acidosis and tachycardia in children. An early effective treatment of this disease can improve prognosis in children.
Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Agonists/poisoning , Clenbuterol/poisoning , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the role of Treg/Th17 balance in the immune-regulated mechanism of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. METHODS: According to the diagnostic criteria of the CMV infection, the patients with CMV infection were divided into the activate infection group and the latent infection group, and the normal children were recruited as control group. The percents of Treg and Th17 in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry to calculate Treg/Th17 ratio. ELISA and RT-PCR were performed to determine the levels of the related factors of Treg (IL-10, Foxp3) and Th17 (TGF-ß, IL-17, IL-6, IL-23, ROR-γt), respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the proportion of Treg in peripheral blood was reduced, Th17 increased, so Treg/Th17 ratio went down after CMV infection (P<0.05). By comparison between two groups of CMV infection, Treg/Th17 ratio and Treg related factors of the activate infection group decreased significantly (P<0.05), but Th17 related factors were up-regulated significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Treg/Th17 balance takes part in the immune-regulated mechanism of CMV infection, and may be related to virus latent-active state.
Subject(s)
Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology , Th17 Cells/immunology , Child, Preschool , Cytokines/metabolism , Cytomegalovirus Infections/metabolism , Female , Humans , Infant , Lymphocyte Count , Male , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism , Th17 Cells/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics and diagnostic and therapeutic measures for the first human case of H5N1 avian influenza pneumonia in mainland of China. METHODS: The clinical data of the first case of H5N1 avian influenza virus infection in China were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS: The case is a 9-year old boy, who developed acute symptoms of a light common respiratory infection, including fever and dry cough without obvious catarrh. On the 7th day after onset, his temperature reached 40 degrees C, tachypnea occurred, distinct rales could be heard and large areas of consolidation were seen in the lungs on chest X-ray. The patient's peripheral blood leukocyte count was 2.81 x 10(9)/L and neutrophils dominated. After comprehensive therapeutic approaches, including antiviral therapy (amantadine) and use of low-dosage glucocorticoid, the patient's temperature returned to normal on the 3rd hospitalization day, chest X-ray showed absorbed inflammatory change on the 5th day after admission, and leukocyte count became normal on the 6th day. No complication occurred during the whole course. The case was diagnosed by the 4 fold raised antibody to the H5N1 influenza virus in recovery stage serum because the H5N1 nucleic acid test in early stage was negative. The case was cured and discharged after 3 weeks comprehensive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: It is very important for clinicians to pay enough attention to epidemiological history, especially history of exposure to avian influenza virus contaminated material, which will be very helpful for early detection, early diagnosis of the disease, and also very important for effective treatment and better prognosis.
