Demographic and clinical characteristics and risk factors of stereoacuity in convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: To investigate characteristics and risk factors of poor stereoacuity of Convergence insufficiency-type Intermittent Exotropia (CI-type X(T)). Design: Observational, cross-sectional study. Methods: The medical records of 615 CI-type X(T) and 222 basic-type intermittent exotropia (X(T)) were enrolled from January 2018 to January 2022. The characteristics were compared between the two types, and the associations between clinical factors and poor stereoacuity were examined using logistic regression. Results: Compared with basic-type X(T), earlier surgery age, shorter misalignment duration, and the smaller distance exodeviation were observed in CI-type X(T). The CI-type X(T) demonstrated better sensory status and lower incidence of ocular muscle dysfunction than did the basic-type X(T). The surgery age between 6 and 12 years (odds ratio [OR], 0.595; compared with ≤6 years) was inversely associated with poor near stereoacuity, whereas duration more than 4 years (OR, 2.474), amblyopia (OR, 4.057), large distance exodeviation (>60PD: OR, 2.462) and anisometropia (>2.00D: OR, 3.874) were positively associated with poor near stereoacuity. The onset age older than 6 years (6-9 years: OR, 0.397; >9 years: OR, 0.317) was associated with better distance stereoacuity, whereas large distance exodeviation (>60PD: OR, 23.513), and dominant eye best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worsen than 0.20 (OR, 2.987) were positively associated with poor distance stereoacuity. Conclusion: CI-type X(T) declined surgery early, with small distance exodeviation, better sensory status, and low incidence of ocular muscle dysfunction. A strong dose-dependent link between early onset age, long misalignment duration, worse dominant eye BCVA, distance exodeviation, amblyopia, anisometropia, and poor stereoacuity was confirmed.

Value of high­risk human papillomavirus detection combined with colposcopy in the diagnosis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

In the present study, the diagnostic value of high risk-human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) combined with colposcopy for the detection of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was evaluated. A total of 397 patients with confirmed cervical disease were enrolled between August 2020 and December 2021. According to the pathological diagnosis, the patients were divided into cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I (CIN I; n=153 cases), CIN II (n=101 cases), CIN III (n=86 cases) and cervical cancer (n=57 cases) groups. The HR-HPV-positive rate of the patients with different lesion types was compared, and the consistency of colposcopy and pathological examination results were assessed. For cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, the diagnostic value and efficacy of HR-HPV testing, colposcopy and combined HR-HPV testing and colposcopy examination were compared using pathological examination results as the gold standard. The results of the present study demonstrated that in patients with cervical cancer, the positive rate of HR-HPV (100.00%; n=57/57) was higher than that in patients with precancerous lesions, and the positive rate of HR-HPV in patients with CIN I type (36.60%, n=56/153) was lower than that in patients with CIN II (83.17%, n=84/101) and CIN III (82.56%, n=71/86) types (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the HR-HPV-positive rate between patients with CIN II and CIN III (P>0.05). Cohen's κ coefficient for colposcopy examination and pathological examination of patients with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was 0.622, the diagnostic accuracy was 90.43% (n=359/397), the positive predictive value was 65.57% (n=40/61), and the negative predictive value was 94.94% (n=319/336). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve of the combined examination in the diagnosis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was 0.904, which was higher than that of colposcopy (0.820) or HR-HPV testing (0.802) alone (P<0.05). The results of the present study indicated that HR-HPV detection combined with colposcopy has diagnostic value for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

Regioselective N-F and α C(sp3)-H Arylation of Aliphatic N-Fluorosulfonamides with Imidazopyridines.

A regioselective arylation of aliphatic N-fluorosulfonamides with imidazopyridines enabled by breaking of N-F and α C(sp3)-H bond to form C-N and C-C bonds was described. With CuCl as the catalyst, a radical mechanism was proposed to produce N-arylated aliphatic sulfonamides via a N radical intermediate. Importantly, under acidic conditions, an in situ generated imine was the possible intermediate, which was trapped by imidazopyridines to form α C(sp3)-H arylated aliphatic sulfonamides. The current protocol featured a broad substrate scope, tunable reaction conditions, operational convenience, and good regioselectivity.

Expression and prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase-A and -D subunits in human uterine myoma and uterine sarcoma.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the expression of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-A and LDH-D in patients with uterine myoma, cellular leiomyoma (CLM), and uterine sarcoma and to evaluate their prognostic significance. METHODS: Protein expression levels of LDH-A and LDH-D were determined in tissue samples from 86 patients (26 uterine myoma, 10 CLM, 50 uterine sarcoma) by immunohistochemistry and their associations with clinicopathologic parameters and outcomes were analyzed in patients with uterine sarcoma. RESULTS: The positivity rates for LDH-A and LDH-D were significantly higher in patients with uterine sarcoma compared with those with uterine myoma or CLM (P < .05). Patients with uterine sarcoma were classified as having uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS), malignant endometrial stromal sarcoma, and malignant mixed Mullerian tumor, with 5-year overall survival rates of 59%, 71%, and 29%, respectively (P < .05). Univariate analysis showed that patients younger than 50 years and with stage I-II had better clinical prognoses. LDH-A-positive LMS patients had a poorer prognosis than LDH-A-negative patients (P = .03). The median survival time of LDH-A-positive patients was 35 months. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that LDH-D was expressed in patients with uterine sarcoma. Furthermore, the overexpressions of LDH-A and LDH-D in uterine sarcoma patients may contribute to further understanding of the mechanism of LDH in tumor metabolism in uterine sarcoma. Positive expression of LDH-A in patients with LMS may act as a potential prognostic biomarker in these patients.

Therapeutic effects of the smartphones and pads on hyperopia amblyopia of children / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the fine sight training with the smartphones and pads on hyperopia amblyopia of children.METHODS:One hundred and twenty children (120 eyes) with hyperopia amblyopia were randomly divided into two groups in this prospective study.All the children in these two groups received the basic treatments of spectacle correction,penalization therapy and amblyopia trainings.The treatments of red-light blinking and grating as well as traditional fine sight training were used for the children in the control group.However,the smartphones and pads were applied instead of the traditional performances for the fine sight training in the experimental group.Best corrected visual acuity of every child was tested for every 3mo,to observe the time for the visual improvement and efficacy.RESULTS:In comparison with the control group,significant shorter time (80.54 ± 30.87d,P＜ 0.05) for promoted one line of LogMAR visual acuity and average treatment time (15.34±7.24mo,P＜0.05) were harvested in the experimental group.The efficacy in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Z=-2.37,P=0.02).CONCLUSION:The fine sight training with the smartphones and pads can improve vison faster than traditional methods and decrease the time of therapy in children with hyperopia amblyopia,thus providing a new strategy for the treatment of hyperopia amblyopia.