Sustainable double-synergistic silver-hydroxyapatite composite catalyst derived from fish bones for efficient disinfection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne pathogen that poses a serious threat to seafood safety and human health. An efficient, nontoxic, and sustainable disinfection material with a stable structure is urgently needed. Herein, silver (Ag)-hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite catalysts were prepared using HAP derived from waste fish bones. The Ag2.50%-HAP showed a 100% disinfection rate against V. parahaemolyticus, disinfecting nearly 7.0 lg CFU mL-1 within 15 min at a low concentration of 300 µg mL-1. This efficient disinfection activity could be attributed to the double-synergistic effect of Ag and superoxide radicals, which resulted in the destruction of bacterial cell structures and the leakage of intracellular proteins. Importantly, the composite also exhibited high activity in controlling the growth of pathogens during the storage process of Penaeus vannamei. These findings provided sustainable composite catalysts for disinfecting V. parahaemolyticus in seafood and a high-value utilization strategy for waste fish bones.

The Causal Effect of Gut Microbiota and Plasma Metabolome on Lung Cancer and the Heterogeneity across Subtypes: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

The causal effect and pathways of gut microbiota and plasma metabolome on lung cancer have been important topics for personalized medicine; however, the heterogeneity of lung cancer subtypes has not gained enough attention in previous studies. This study sought to employ a Mendelian randomization analysis to screen the specific gut microbiota and plasma metabolome, which may have a causal effect on lung cancer. We further extended our analysis to estimate the effects of these exposures on various pathological subtypes of lung cancer. Furthermore, a mediation analysis was performed to identify the potential pathway underlying the influence of microbiota and metabolites. Our study identified 13 taxa and 15 metabolites with a causal association with the overall risk of lung cancer. Furthermore, we found 8 taxa and 14 plasma metabolites with a causal effect on lung adenocarcinoma, 4 taxa and 10 metabolites with a causal effect on squamous cell lung carcinoma, and 7 taxa and 16 metabolites with a causal effect on SCLC. We also identified seven mediation pathways that could potentially elucidate the influence of these microbiota and metabolites on overall lung cancer or special subtypes. Our study highlighted the heterogeneity of the gut microbiome and plasma metabolome in a lung cancer subtype and elucidated the potential underlying mechanisms. This could pave the way for more personalized lung cancer prevention and treatment.

Hydrologic Connectivity Regulates Riverine N2O Sources and Dynamics.

Indirect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from streams and rivers are a poorly constrained term in the global N2O budget. Current models of riverine N2O emissions place a strong focus on denitrification in groundwater and riverine environments as a dominant source of riverine N2O, but do not explicitly consider direct N2O input from terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we combine N2O isotope measurements and spatial stream network modeling to show that terrestrial-aquatic interactions, driven by changing hydrologic connectivity, control the sources and dynamics of riverine N2O in a mesoscale river network within the U.S. Corn Belt. We find that N2O produced from nitrification constituted a substantial fraction (i.e., >30%) of riverine N2O across the entire river network. The delivery of soil-produced N2O to streams was identified as a key mechanism for the high nitrification contribution and potentially accounted for more than 40% of the total riverine emission. This revealed large terrestrial N2O input implies an important climate-N2O feedback mechanism that may enhance riverine N2O emissions under a wetter and warmer climate. Inadequate representation of hydrologic connectivity in observations and modeling of riverine N2O emissions may result in significant underestimations.

Developing innovative strategies of tumor­infiltrating lymphocyte therapy for tumor treatment.

Cancer is the main cause of global mortality, and thus far, effective therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment are in high demand. Adoptive transfer of tumor­infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represents a promising avenue in immunotherapy for the management of malignancies. The clinical safety and efficacy of TIL­based therapy have been established through numerous rigorous clinical trials. However, the efficacy of TIL infusion in inducing an anti­tumor response is limited to a subset of clinical patients with cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative strategies aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of TIL­based therapy. In the present review, the developmental history of TIL­based therapy was systematically summarized and analyzed, while also presenting a unique perspective on enhancing the multi­dimensional anti­tumor capabilities of TILs. The insight and conclusions presented in this review may contribute to improving the efficacy of TIL­based therapy and expediting its development.

Newcastle disease virus suppresses antigen presentation via inhibiting IL-12 expression in dendritic cells. / æ–°åŸŽç–«ç— æ¯’é€šè¿‡æŠ‘åˆ¶æ ‘çªçŠ¶ç»†èƒžç™½ä»‹ç´ 12的表达抑制抗原递呈.

As a potential vectored vaccine, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been subject to various studies for vaccine development, while relatively little research has outlined the immunomodulatory effect of the virus in antigen presentation. To elucidate the key inhibitory factor in regulating the interaction of infected dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, DCs were pretreated with the NDV vaccine strain LaSota as an inhibitor and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for further detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results revealed that NDV infection resulted in the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-12p40 in DCs through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)|-dependent manner, thus inhibiting the synthesis of IL-12p70, leading to the reduction in T cell proliferation and the secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6 induced by DCs. Consequently, downregulated cytokines accelerated the infection and viral transmission from DCs to T cells. Furthermore, several other strains of NDV also exhibited inhibitory activity. The current study reveals that NDV can modulate the intensity of the innate|‒|adaptive immune cell crosstalk critically toward viral invasion improvement, highlighting a novel mechanism of virus-induced immunosuppression and providing new perspectives on the improvement of NDV-vectored vaccine.

Extraction, identification, and molecular mechanisms of α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from defatted Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) powder hydrolysates.

The objective of this study was to explore the potential of Antarctic krill-derived peptides as α-glucosidase inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The enzymolysis conditions of α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), a statistical method that efficiently determines optimal conditions with a limited number of experiments. Gel chromatography and LC-MS/MS techniques were utilized to determine the molecular weight (Mw) distribution and sequences of the hydrolysates. The identification and analysis of the mechanism behind α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides were conducted through conventional and computer-assisted techniques. The binding affinities between peptides and α-glucosidase were further validated using BLI (biolayer interferometry) assay. The results revealed that hydrolysates generated by neutrase exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibition rate. Optimal conditions for hydrolysis were determined to be an enzyme concentration of 6 × 103 U/g, hydrolysis time of 5.4 h, and hydrolysis temperature of 45 °C. Four peptides (LPFQR, PSFD, PSFDF, VPFPR) with strong binding affinities to the active site of α-glucosidase, primarily through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. This study highlights the prospective utility of Antarctic krill-derived peptides in curtailing α-glucosidase activity, offering a theoretical foundation for the development of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors and related functional foods to enhance diabetes management.

Ag85B-ENO146-82 therapeutic vaccines enhance anti-tumor immunity by inducing CD8+ T cells and remodeling tumor microenvironment.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in China. However, the effect of traditional cancer treatment is limited. Herein, we designed a therapeutic cancer vaccine based on the tumor-associated antigen mENO1, which can prevent lung cancer growth in vivo, and explored the underlying mechanism of Ag85B-ENO146-82 therapy. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor-bearing immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice that received Ag85B-ENO146-82 treatment showed antitumor effect. Further, we detected CD8+ T, CD4+ T in LLC-bearing C57BL/6 mice to understand the impact of Ag85B-ENO146-82 therapy on antitumor capacity. The Ag85B-ENO146-82 therapy induced intensive infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumors, increased tumor-specific IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion by CD8+ T cells and promoted macrophage polarization toward M1 phenotype. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that CD8+ T effector memory (TEM) cells and central memory (TCM) cells were upregulated. qPCR and ELISA analysis showed that the expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α were upregulated, whereas of IL1ß, IL6 and IL10 were downregulated. This study demonstrated that Ag85B-ENO146-82 vaccine augmented antitumor efficacy, which was CD8+ T cells dependent. Our findings paved the way for therapeutic tumor-associated antigen peptide vaccines to enhance anti-tumor immunotherapy for treatment of cancer.

Effect of examining lymph nodes count on mortality risk in resected T1 non-small-cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to estimate the effect of the examined lymph node count (ELNC) on the cancer-related mortality risk and non-cancer-related mortality risk in patients with resected T1 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Patients diagnosed as primary T1 NSCLC between 2000 and 2017 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the ELNC cutoff value, which was calculated based on overall survival outcomes. Propensity score matching was used to equalize the differences in baseline characteristics between groups. RESULTS: A total of 38 242 resected T1 NSCLC patients were extracted from the database with the ELNC cutoff value of 8. After propensity score matching, 27 676 patients were included in this study. Examining ≥8 ELNC was associated with a more accurate assessment of lymph node (LN) metastasis and significantly improving the prognosis. These trends remained consistent in subgroup analysis by histology type. In competing risk mode, examining ≥8 LNs could significantly reduce the risk of death from lung cancer, risk of death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and risk of death from cardiac diseases. In the subgroup analysis, these trends were consistent. CONCLUSIONS: Given the mortality risk associated with lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiac diseases, at least 8 LNs should be examined in surgery for T1 NSCLC.

Experimental Research on Combustion, Pyrolysis Characteristics, and Kinetics of Three Different Coal Samples in China.

Coal thermal and kinetic parameters are important for the design of combustion reactors and risk assessment. Two methods were employed to investigate such key parameters of lignite, bituminous, and anthracite coal samples from China. With thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods, two distinct transitional stages were found in all coal samples combustion, but reaction intervals shifted to higher temperatures from lignite to anthracite and varied between 317 and 665 °C depending on the sample nature. Compared to the other two coal types, the pyrolysis of anthracite was less sensitive to increasing temperature, and its combustion process occurred at a much higher temperature. The results indicated that anthracite is difficult to ignite but has a considerable heat of reaction of 22.6 kJ/kg if ignited, which is close to that of bituminous. The basket heating method was used to obtain the kinetic data. Sample activation energies varied in the ranges of 38-51 kJ/mol from TG analysis and 49-67 kJ/mol from basket heating tests. Both results were comparable and consistent with the reference data. Due to its higher activation energy, anthracite poses a lower risk of thermal runaway than other coal types. This conclusion was validated by performing a minimum ignition temperature determination of a dust layer (MITL). In contrast, lignite and bituminous should be handled with greater safety precautions in coal-related process industries. The data presented will be used for hazard analysis and for designing more efficient combustion reactors in power plants. The data collected led to an extension of the current data for coal dust, as found in the literature.

Astaxanthin prevents osteoarthritis by blocking Rspo2-mediated Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in chondrocytes and abolishing Rspo2-related inflammatory factors in macrophages.

Chondrocyte degeneration and classically activated macrophage (AM)-related inflammation play critical roles in osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we explored the effects of astaxanthin and Rspo2 on OA in vitro and in vivo. We observed that the Rspo2 gene was markedly elevated in synovial tissues of OA patients compared with healthy controls. In 2D cultures, Rspo2 and inflammatory factors were enhanced in AMs compared with nonactivated macrophages (NMs), and the protein expression levels of Rspo2, ß-catenin, and inflammatory factors were increased, and anabolic markers were reduced in osteoarthritic chondrocytes (OACs) compared to normal chondrocytes (NCs). Astaxanthin reversed these changes in AMs and OACs. Furthermore, Rspo2 shRNA significantly abolished inflammatory factors and elevated anabolic markers in OACs. In NCs cocultured with AM, and in OACs cocultured with AMs or NMs, astaxanthin reversed these changes in these coculture systems and promoted secretion of Rspo2, ß-catenin and inflammatory factors and suppressed anabolic markers compared to NCs or OACs cultured alone. In AMs, coculture with NCs resulted in a slight elevation of Rspo2 and AM-related genes, but not protein expression, compared to culture alone, but when cocultured with OACs, these inflammatory mediators were significantly enhanced at both the gene and protein levels. Astaxanthin reversed these changes in all the groups. In vivo, we observed a deterioration in cartilage quality after intra-articular injection of Rspo2 associated with medial meniscus (DMM)-induced instability in the OA group, and astaxanthin was protective in these groups. Our results collectively revealed that astaxanthin attenuated the process of OA by abolishing Rspo2 both in vitro and in vivo.

HCMV-IE2 promotes atherosclerosis by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cells' pyroptosis.

Atherosclerosis is still the main cause of death in developed and developing countries. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) death disorder is a key pathogens of atherosclerosis. During the early stage of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, immediate early protein 2 (IE2) is critical in regulating its host cell death to ensure HCMV replication. Abnormal cell death induced by HCMV infection contributes to the development of numerous diseases, including atherosclerosis. Hitherto, the underlying mechanism of HCMV involved in the progression of atherosclerosis is still unclear. In this study, the infection models in vitro and in vivo were constructed to explore the pathogenesis of HCMV-related atherosclerosis. Our results indicated that HCMV could contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis by enhancing the proliferation, invasion, and inhibiting the pyroptosis of VSMCs under inflammatory conditions. Meanwhile, IE2 played a key role in these events. Our present research revealed a novel pathogenesis of HCMV-related atherosclerosis, which might help develop new therapeutic strategies.

Treated wastewater and weak removal mechanisms enhance nitrate pollution in metropolitan rivers.

The focus of urban water environment renovation has shifted to high nitrate (NO3-) load. Nitrate input and nitrogen conversion are responsible for the continuous increase in nitrate levels in urban rivers. This study utilized nitrate stable isotopes (δ15N-NO3- and δ18O-NO3-) to investigate NO3- sources and transformation processes in Suzhou Creek, located in Shanghai. The results demonstrated that NO3- was the most common form of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), accounting for 66 ± 14% of total DIN with a mean value of 1.86 ± 0.85 mg L-1. The δ15N-NO3- and δ18O-NO3- values ranged from 5.72 to 12.42‰ (mean value: 8.38 ± 1.54‰) and -5.01 to 10.39‰ (mean value: 0.58 ± 1.76‰), respectively. Based on isotopic evidence, the river received a significant amount of nitrate through direct exogenous input and sewage ammonium nitrification, while nitrate removal (denitrification) was insignificant, resulting in nitrate accumulation. Analysis using the MixSIAR model revealed that treated wastewater (68.3 ± 9.7%), soil nitrogen (15.7 ± 4.8%) and nitrogen fertilizer (15.5 ± 4.9%) were the main sources of NO3- in rivers. Despite the fact that Shanghai's urban domestic sewage recovery rate has reached 92%, reducing nitrate concentrations in treated wastewater is crucial for addressing nitrogen pollution in urban rivers. Additional efforts are needed to upgrade urban sewage treatment during low flow periods and/or in the main stream, and to control non-point sources of nitrate, such as soil nitrogen and nitrogen fertilizer, during high flow periods and/or tributaries. This research provides insights into NO3- sources and transformations, and serves as a scientific basis for controlling NO3- in urban rivers.

Polygalacin D inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through BNIP3L-mediated mitophagy and endogenous apoptosis pathways.

Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. is a famous medicinal plant commonly used in East Asia. Triterpene saponins isolated from P. grandiflorum are the main biologically active compounds, among which polygalacin D (PGD) has been reported to be an anti-tumor agent. However, its anti-tumor mechanism against hepatocellular carcinoma is unknown. This study aimed to explore the inhibitory effect of PGD in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and related mechanisms of action. We found that PGD exerted significant inhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cells through apoptosis and autophagy. Analysis of the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and autophagy-related proteins revealed that this phenomenon was attributed to the mitochondrial apoptosis and mitophagy pathways. Subsequently, using specific inhibitors, we found that apoptosis and autophagy had mutually reinforcing effects. In addition, further analysis of autophagy showed that PGD induced mitophagy by increasing BCL2 interacting protein 3 like (BNIP3L) levels.In vivo experiments demonstrated that PGD significantly inhibited tumor growth and increased the levels of apoptosis and autophagy in tumors. Overall, our findings showed that PGD induced cell death of hepatocellular carcinoma cells primarily through mitochondrial apoptosis and mitophagy pathways. Therefore, PGD can be used as an apoptosis and autophagy agonist in the research and development of antitumor agents.

Safety and feasibility of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively collected data for NSCLC patients who received thoracic surgery after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy from May 2020 to August 2022. Surgery details, pathological response, and perioperative outcome were compared between video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) group and RATS group. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to equal the baseline characteristics. Results: A total of 220 patients were divided into 78 VATS patients and 142 RATS patients. There was no 90-day mortality in either group. RATS patients demonstrated better results in conversion rate to thoracotomy (VATS vs. RATS: 28.2% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.001), number of lymph node stations harvested (5.63 ± 1.75 vs. 8.09 ± 5.73, P < 0.001), number of lymph nodes harvested (13.49 ± 9.325 vs. 20.35 ± 10.322, P < 0.001), yield pathologic-N (yp-N) assessment (yp-N0, 88.5% vs. 67.6%; yp-N1, 7.6% vs. 12.6%; yp-N2, 3.8% vs. 19.7%; P < 0.001), and visual analog scale pain score after surgery (4.41 ± 0.93 vs. 3.77 ± 1.21, P=0.002). However, there were no significant differences in pathological response evaluation for neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (P = 0.493) and complication rate (P = 0.803). After IPTW-adjustment, these results remained constant. Conclusions: RATS reduced the risk of conversion to thoracotomy, provided a better yp-N stage evaluation, and improved pain score; this suggests that RATS is safe and feasible for NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.

Laser-Heat Surface Treatment of Superwetting Copper Foam for Efficient Oil-Water Separation.

Oil pollution in the ocean has been a great threaten to human health and the ecological environment, which has raised global concern. Therefore, it is of vital importance to develop simple and efficient techniques for oil-water separation. In this work, a facile and low-cost laser-heat surface treatment method was employed to fabricate superwetting copper (Cu) foam. Nanosecond laser surface texturing was first utilized to generate micro/nanostructures on the skeleton of Cu foam, which would exhibit superhydrophilicity/superoleophilicity. Subsequently, a post-process heat treatment would reduce the surface energy, thus altering the surface chemistry and the surface wettability would be converted to superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity. With the opposite extreme wetting scenarios in terms of water and oil, the laser-heat treated Cu foam can be applied for oil-water separation and showed high separation efficiency and repeatability. This method can provide a simple and convenient avenue for oil-water separation.

The contribution of wetland plant litter to soil carbon pool: Decomposition rates and priming effects.

Plant litter input is an important driver of soil/sediment organic carbon (SOC) turnover. A large number of studies have targeted litter-derived C input tracing at a global level. However, little is known about how litter carbon (C) input via various plant tissues affects SOC accumulation and mineralization. Here, we conducted laboratory incubation to investigate the effects of leaf litter and stem litter input on SOC dynamics using the natural 13C isotope technique. A 122-day laboratory incubation period showed that litter input facilitated SOC accumulation. Leaf and stem litter inputs increased soil total organic carbon content by 37.6% and 15.5%, respectively. Leaf litter input had a higher contribution to SOC accumulation than stem litter input. Throughout the incubation period, the δ13C values of stem litter and leaf litter increased by 1.5‰ and 3.3‰, respectively, while δ13CO2 derived from stem litter and δ13CO2 derived from leaf litter decreased by 4.2‰ and 6.1‰, respectively, suggesting that the magnitude of δ13C in litter and δ13CO2 shifts varied, depending on litter tissues. The cumulative CO2-C emissions of leaf litter input treatments were 27.56%-42.47% higher than those of the stem litter input treatments, and thus leaf litter input promoted SOC mineralization more than stem litter input. Moreover, the proportion of increased CO2-C emissions to cumulative CO2-C emissions (57.18%-92.12%) was greater than the proportion of litter C input to total C (18.7%-36.8%), indicating that litter input could stimulate native SOC mineralization, which offsets litter-derived C in the soil. Overall, litter input caused a net increase in SOC accumulation, but it also accelerated the loss of native SOC. These findings provide a reliable basis for assessing SOC stability and net C sink capacity in wetlands.

CRM197-conjugated multi antigen dominant epitope for effective human cytomegalovirus vaccine development.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a major cause of neonatal neurodevelopmental disorders and serious complications in organ transplantation. Previous HCMV vaccines focused on humoral immunity but had limited effect on viral infection. T-cell responses are essential to prevent HCMV infection, indicating that effective vaccines require T cells activation. In this study, we designed a novel polypeptides vaccine conjugated to a CRM197 carrier protein, encoding 15 CD8+ T-cell epitopes, five CD4+ T-cell epitopes, and four B-cell epitopes from gB287-320 and pp150311-325 of HCMV to induce T-cell immune responses. To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccines, we subsequently measured the expression of surface molecule markers and proinflammatory cytokines from antigen presenting cells in vivo and in vitro as well as the activation of T cells and antibodies. The results demonstrated that this polypeptide vaccine could activate innate immunity including up-regulating MHCI, II, CD80, CD86, and cytokine expression through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Meanwhile, vaccinations elicited potent neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses producing TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-2, indicating Th1-biased polarization. This finding underlines that CRM197-conjugated polypeptide vaccines facilitate a synergism of humoral and cellular immunity, providing enhanced protection against HCMV, which could be a potential strategy to prevent CMV-associated diseases.

Bridged combined fixation system versus locking plate in the treatment of patients with implant periprosthetic refracture following proximal femoral fracture surgery: A retrospective observational study.

Locking plate (LP) re-fixation is mainly used to treat postoperative implant periprosthetic refractures; however, the extensive trauma and the fixation form of LP make the operation difficult. The bridge combined fixation system (BCFS) is a new clip-rod internal fixation system, and its clinical application is in its infancy. To compare the clinical effect of BCFS and LP in the treatment of geriatric postoperative implant periprosthetic refracture following proximal femoral fracture surgery. Thirty-two patients (14 with BCFS and 18 with LP) with postoperative implant periprosthetic refracture following proximal femoral fracture surgery, who underwent surgery in our hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. The incision length, operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative hospital stay, fracture healing time and complications of each patient were recorded. Regular radiographs were taken after the operation to evaluate the fracture reduction and fixation. All the patients were followed for 12 months to evaluate their limb function by Johner-Wruhs scoring criteria. The patients were followed for an average of 24.1 months, and all achieved bony union, with no complications such as infection, nonunion, and internal fixation instrument falling off and loosening after the operation. Delayed healing occurred in two cases in the LP group. The average value of surgical incision length, operation time, postoperative hospitalization time and fracture healing time in the BCFS group were significantly smaller than those in the LP group, accompanied by a decrease in intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage volumes (P < .05). The rate of limb function in the BCFS group (85.7%) was higher than that in the LP group (83.3%), with no significance (P > .05). The BCFS in the refracture around the implant of the proximal femoral fracture exhibited many advantages such as simple operation, strong plasticity, effective reduction of surgical trauma, promotion of fracture healing and early functional rehabilitation, etc, making it an advantageous clinical application.

Circulating CD45+EpCAM+ cells as a diagnostic marker for early-stage primary lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a highly prevalent type of cancer, accounting for 11.6% of all cancer incidences. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients; however, there is no accurate, effective, and easy-to-use test for early lung cancer screening. In this study, flow cytometry was used to detect the presence of CD45+EpCAM+ cells in tumor tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with lung cancer. Moreover, the proportion of CD45+EpCAM+ cells in PBMCs of patients with lung cancer was found to be significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers. Tumor-related serum markers level was also measured in the peripheral blood of these patients using an electrochemiluminescence assay. The correlation between CD45+EpCAM+ cells, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and lung cancer was investigated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, which showed the sensitivity and specificity of the CD45+EpCAM+ cell to be 81.58% and 88.89%, respectively. Further analysis yielded an area under the ROC curve (ROC/area under the curve [AUC]) of 0.845 in patients PBMCs with lung cancer, which was slightly higher than that of CEA (0.732). Therefore, the detection of CD45+EpCAM+ cells in PBMCs may be helpful for the early screening and auxiliary diagnosis of lung cancer.

Human Cytomegalovirus Induced Aberrant Expression of Non-coding RNAs.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ß-herpesvirus whose genome consists of double stranded linear DNA. HCMV genome can generate non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) through transcription in its host cells. Besides that, HCMV infection also changes the ncRNAs expression profile of the host cells. ncRNAs play a key role in maintaining the normal physiological activity of cells, and the disorder of ncRNAs expression has numerous adverse effects on cells. However, until now, the relationship between ncRNAs and HCMV-induced adverse effects are not summarized in detail. This review aims to give a systematic summary of the role of HCMV infection in ncRNAs expression while providing insights into the molecular mechanism of unnormal cellular events caused by ncRNAs disorder. ncRNAs disorder induced by HCMV infection is highly associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and immune regulation, as well as the development of cardiovascular diseases, and the potential role of biomarker. We summarize the studies on HCMV associated ncRNAs disorder and suggest innovative strategies for eliminating the adverse effects caused by HCMV infection.