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1.
BMC Gastroenterol ; 19(1): 226, 2019 Dec 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31881948

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score is effective to screen high-risk groups of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) patients but needs revising and can be combined with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT). This paper aimed to improve the APCS score and evaluate its use with the FIT in stratifying the risk of ACN. METHODS: This prospective and multicenter study enrolled 955 and 1201 asymptomatic Chinese participants to form the derivation and validation set, respectively. Participants received the risk factor questionnaire, colonoscopy and FIT. Multiple logistic regression was applied, and C-statistic, sensitivity and negative predictive values (NPVs) were used to compare the screening efficiency. RESULTS: A modified model was developed incorporating age, body mass index (BMI), family history, diabetes, smoking and drinking as risk factors, stratifying subjects into average risk (AR) or high risk (HR). In the validation set, the HR tier group had a 3.4-fold (95% CI 1.8-6.4) increased risk for ACN. The C-statistic for the modified score was 0.69 ± 0.04, and 0.67 ± 0.04 for the original score. The sensitivity of the modified APCS score combined with FIT for screening ACN high-risk cohorts was 76.7% compared with 36.7% of FIT alone and 70.0% of the modified APCS score alone. The NPVs of the modified score combined with FIT for ACN were 98.0% compared with 97.0% of FIT alone and 97.9% of the modified APCS score alone. CONCLUSIONS: The modified score and its use with the FIT are efficient in selecting the HR group from a Chinese asymptomatic population.


Subject(s)
Colonoscopy , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Occult Blood , Age Factors , Alcohol Drinking , Asymptomatic Diseases , China , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus , Exercise , Feeding Behavior , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Regression Analysis , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Sample Size , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sex Factors , Smoking , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
J Dig Dis ; 20(2): 62-64, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30714325

ABSTRACT

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Cancer screening is known to decrease mortality from CRC. One important test for CRC screening is the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), which includes guaiac FOBT and fecal immunological tests. In this review we discussed the development and application of the FOBT in CRC screening.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Guaiac , Immunologic Tests/methods , Indicators and Reagents , Occult Blood , Humans
3.
J Dig Dis ; 20(2): 78-82, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30714346

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of the quantitative immunochemical fecal occult blood test (qFIT) and to determine the association between the fecal hemoglobin (Hb) level and the location and size of adenomas and the stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: A total of 692 participants were included in the study. Their fecal Hb level was measured using an OC-SENSA MICRO qFIT. The colonoscopy results, including the location, size, and histological features of the adenomas, as well as the relationship between the Hb level and different characteristics were analyzed. Performance of the qFIT at various thresholds of fecal Hb levels was evaluated. RESULTS: Advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACRN) was identified in 76 patients based on the colonoscopic and pathological examinations. Large adenomas (≥10 mm) had a higher fecal Hb level than small adenomas (<10 mm). Advanced adenomas located on the left side of the colon presented with a higher fecal Hb level than those on the right side (P = 0.022). Stage III-IV CRC patients had a significantly higher Hb level than stage I-II patients (P = 0.013). The sensitivity and specificity of qFIT for ACRN was 51.3% and 86.4%,respectively, with the best cut-off level of 400 ng/mL. The sensitivity and specificity for CRC was 61.0% and 89.1%, with the best cut-off level of 500 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS: qFIT has an acceptable sensitivity and specificity for ACRN detection. Furthermore, the qFIT results are associated with the location and size of adenomas as well as the grade of CRC.


Subject(s)
Adenoma/diagnosis , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data , Hemoglobins/analysis , Immunochemistry/statistics & numerical data , Occult Blood , Adenoma/pathology , Adult , Aged , Colon/pathology , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Feces/chemistry , Female , Humans , Immunochemistry/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Neoplasm Staging/statistics & numerical data , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
4.
J Asian Nat Prod Res ; 18(7): 677-83, 2016 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26828227

ABSTRACT

A facile synthetic approach for total synthesis of tanshinone I has been accomplished. The key precursor is a novel compound, epoxy phenanthraquinone. And this synthesis of tanshinone I is achieved in only three simple stages, which include Diels-Alder reaction, Δ(2)-Weitz-Scheffer-type epoxidation, and Feist-Bénary reaction from commercially available styrene.


Subject(s)
Abietanes/chemical synthesis , Styrene/chemistry , Abietanes/chemistry , Models, Molecular , Molecular Structure , Plant Roots/chemistry , Salvia/chemistry , Stereoisomerism
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