HCV core antigen plays an important role in the fight against HCV as an alternative to HCV-RNA detection.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical significance of HCV-cAg testing in the diagnosis, activity determination, and monitoring of therapeutic effectiveness of HCV infection and its advantages compared with HCV-RNA and anti-HCV antibodies detection. METHODS: By summarizing the published literature, the advantages and significance of HCV core antigen detection were sought. RESULTS: The expression of HCV-cAg is highly consistent with that of HCV-RNA, but compared with HCV-RNA, detection of HCV-cAg is easy to operate, time saving, and low cost. HCV-cAg can be detected within 12~15 days after infection, and the window period can be shortened by5~7 weeks. HCV-cAg is a serological indicator of virus replication, which can distinguish previous infection of HCV or current infection. HCV-cAg detection is more suitable for immunocompromised, hemodialysis, organ transplant patients. HCV-cAg also can be used to monitor antiviral efficacy and predict sustained virological response (SVR). CONCLUSION: HCV core antigen has similar clinical sensitivity to NAT and can be used as a substitute for HCV-RNA in the diagnosis of virus infection. Combined detection of HCV-cAg and antibody serology can help doctors detect HCV infection earlier, accurately diagnose different stages of HCV infection, and evaluate the therapeutic effect of antiviral drugs, which are beneficial in the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C.

The diagnostic value of four serum tumor markers for gastric cancer based on pattern recognition techniques* / 重庆医学

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum tumors CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)in patients with gastric cancer based on pattern recognition techniques.Methods Data of serum concentrations of CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and CEA of 212 patients with gastric cancer,116 patients with benign gastric disease and 117 healthy subjects were retrospectively analyzed;and the diagnostic performance of each tumor marker,four tumor markers based principle component analysis(PCA),decision tree,PCA-decision tree and the fisher discriminant analysis models were established.Results CA242 had the best diagnostic effect on gastric cancer,and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.841(95％CI:0.804-0.877).PCA model showed that the serum levels of four tumor markers in patients with gastric cancer were significantly different from those in benign and healthy patients,and obvious metabolic disorders of serum with four tumor markers were found among the patients with gastric cancer.The diagnosis accuracy of the decision tree,PCA-decision tree and the Fisher discriminant analysis models for gastric cancer patients was 58.6％,65.5％and 58.6％respectively,and for non-gastric cancer patients(benign gastric diseases and healthy controls)was 94.7％,99.4％and 97.6％.And the prediction accuracy of the decision tree,PCA-decision tree and the fisher discriminant analysis models for gastric cancer patients was 65.7％,77.6％and 73.1％,and for non-gastric cancer patients was 87.5％,96.9％and 96.9％,respectively.Conclusion The PCA-decision tree model of serum CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and CEA might be helpful for the diagnosis and prediction of patients with gastric cancer.

Diagnostic Value of Serum CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and CEA for Gastric Cancer Based on PCA-Decision Tree Model / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum tumors CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and carcino-embryonic anti-gen (CEA)for patients with gastric cancer based on principle component analysis (PCA)-decision tree analysis.Methods Serum levels of CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and CEA in 193 patients with gastric cancer,106 patients with benign gastric disea-ses and 86 nornal controls were measured by electrochemiluminescence assay,and data were analyzed by the receiver operat-ing characteristic (ROC)curve,PCA and PCA-decision tree analysis.Results The area under the ROC curve of CA72-4, CA242,CA19-9 and CEA was 0.741[95% confidence interval (95%CI),0.692~0.791],0.863 (95%CI,0.827~0.898), 0.783 (95%CI,0.737~0.828)and 0.827 (95%CI,0.785~0.869),respectively.The combined four serum tumor markers in the PCA-AUC model was 0.935 (95%CI,0.912~0.958)at the cutoff value (PC score)of 44.13 with 78.2% of sensi-tivity and 94.8% of specificity.The accuracy of serum CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and CEA for the diagnosis of gastric cancer group and nongastric cancer group (benign gastric diseases and nornal controls)in the decision tree model were 76.2% and 94.8%,56.5% and 96.5% for prediction,respectively.The combined four serum tumors for the diagnosis of gastric cancer group and nongastric cancer group in PCA-decision tree model were 90.3% and 100%,72.4% and 92.2% for prediction,re-spectively.Conclusion The PCA-decision tree model based on serum CA72-4,CA242,CA19-9 and CEA were helpful for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Detection of differentially expressed microRNA profile in serum of patients with schizophrenia / 医学研究生学报

Objective No uniform standards has been established for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia .The article was to investigate the differentially expressed microRNA ( miRNA) profile and explore its clinical significance . Methods Differentially expressed miRNAs were screened by FlashTag TM Biotin RNA chips and SAM software in serum of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls , then the validation was performed by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) . Results Three differentially expressed miRNAs were screened , including up-regulated hsa-miR-1281 ( fold change =1.50881) and two down-regulated miRNAs:hsa-miR-2861(fold change=0.642) and hsa-miR-638 (fold change=0.516).The com-parative analysis of RT-PCR by SPSS 17.0 Kruskal Wallis H Test validated the expression levels of hsa-miR-2861 and hsa-miR-638 in patients with schizophrenia decreased significantly in comparison to healthy controls (χ2 =4.089,χ2 =4.083, P<0.001).While the expression level of hsa-miR-1281 in patients with schizophrenia was in higher expression level compared with control group (χ2 =5.333, P<0.001). Conclusion There are differentially expressed miRNA profile in serum of patients with schizophrenia , in which miR-1281 , miR-2861 and miR-638 could be new serum markers for diagnosis of schizophrenia .

Distribution characteristics of subtypes of HPV cervical infection / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the female infection situation of human papilloma virus (HPV) and the distribution charac-teristics of HPV gene subtypes in the hospital ,so as to provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of HPV cer-vical infection and the study for developing the preventive HPV vaccine suitable for this hospital .Methods The PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization (PCR-RDB) was adopted to check the genotypes of HPV on the cervical samples in 625 gynecologic outpatients and inpatients .Results Among 625 cases ,210 cases were infected by HPV with the total HPV infection rate of 33 .6% .The single subtype infection was in 152 cases ,accounting for 72 .38% ,the mixed infection by more than or equal to 2 kinds of subtype was in 58 cases ,accounting for 27 .62% .The subtypes with the higher infection rate from high to low were HPV 58(7 .52% ) ,HPV16 (6 .72% ) ,HPV6(5 .76% ) ,HPV43(4 .80% ) ,HPV11(4 .64% ) ,HPV35(3 .36% ) ,HPV56(2 .56% ) ,HPV18(2 .40% ) ,HPV52 (2 .40% ) and HPV68(2 .40% ) .Conclusion The HPV infection rate in the gynecologic outpatients and inpatients in the hospital is high ,the subtype distribution is wider and is dominated by the high risk HPV infection .The most common subtype is HPV58 and multiple HPV infection rate is high .

Construction of promoter-trap library screening in vivo-induced gene in Streptococcus pneumoniae / 生物医学工程学杂志

To identify in vivo-induced gene in Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pn) through a novel in vivo expression technology (IVET), a large promoter-trap library using galU and lacZ as the reporters was constructed. Based on the suicide vector pEVP3, a new vector pEVP3-galU was constructed with promoterless galU gene as an in vivo reporter. Firstly, promoterless galU gene was directly cloned into pEVP3 fusing with promoterless lacZ gene (an in vitro reporter). Then the random pieces of S. pn chromosomal DNA (200-500 bp), obtained by partial Sau3AI restriction digestion, were subcloned into the Bgl II site of pEVP3-galU. Upon introduction of the ligated plasmid library into E. coli DH5alpha by transformation, about 70,000 recombinants were recovered. Considering insert DNA orientation and insert size, this represents 5 coverage of the 2.2 Mb S. pn genome; 90% of these clones had 250- to 500-bp inserts. Thus, the library retained maximal complexity. Transformation by this plasmid library yield 450,000 S. pn transformants. The library was used to infect animals in intraperitoneal model. Those strains survived in vivo while exhibiting a white colony phenotype on TSA agar containing X-gal would indicate that the DNA fragment upstream of the galU reporter contained an in vivo-induced promoter. The promoter-trap library is suitable for screening in vivo-induced gene of S. pn.