ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) metabolites are secreted molecules from SHED, namely cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. The metabolite can be used in various regenerative therapy based on cell-free immunomodulatory potential effects, like interleukin 10 (IL-10) and LL37. This molecule can stimulate with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and α-mangosteen and has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. This study aimed to identify the effect of EGCG and α-mangosteen to SHED metabolite, called SHED-IL10 and SHED-LL37, from six passages to obtain the optimum stimulation and able to use as periodontitis regeneration treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The six different passages of SHED were prepared in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium and added with EGCG 80% (10 µM), EGCG 95% (10 µM), or α-mangosteen (10 µM). After a 24 hours incubation, each passage was measured with the metabolite concentration, SHED-IL10 and SHED-LL37, with human IL-10 and LL37 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Each different concentration was then analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The addition of EGCG 95% is able to stimulate the SHED-IL10 optimum concentration in passage 1 (p < 0.01). But, in the different conditions, the addition of EGCG 80%, EGCG 95%, and α-mangosteen was able to stimulate the SHED-LL37 optimum concentration in passage 2 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The addition of EGCG and α-mangosteen can stimulate the SHED-IL10 and SHED-LL37 concentrations. These two metabolites are promising as regenerative therapy through anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The treatment of periodontitis with scaling and root planing has a good prognosis. However, periodontitis may also exacerbate. The mucoadhesive patch is one of the distribution systems of topical drugs, which is not irritable to the mucosa and eventually increases permeability. Based on phytochemical screening, mangosteen peel extract has an active ingredient with high anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This study aims to understand the potential of a mucoadhesive patch loaded with mangosteen peel extract to inhibit alveolar bone damage in periodontitis. METHODS: This experimental laboratory research was conducted using 27 Wistar rats divided into three groups: the positive control group (0.7% tetracycline gel application), negative control group (mucoadhesive patch application), and experimental group (mucoadhesive patch loaded with mangosteen peel extract application). Rats were administered 1 × 109 colony-forming unit as much as 200 µL of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans bacteria three times at 2-day intervals. Tetracycline gel and mucoadhesive patch application were administered for 1 h/day for 3 days. Three rats from each group were sacrificed on days 3, 5, and 7 after the application. The lower jaw was dissected for histopathological examination using haematoxylin and eosin staining to determine the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS: The mucoadhesive patches loaded with mangosteen peel extract significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts and increased the number of osteoblasts in all groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The mucoadhesive patches loaded with mangosteen peel extract can prevent alveolar bone damage in periodontitis by inhibiting the number of osteoclasts and increasing the number of osteoblasts.
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@#Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of deathworldwide. Chemotherapy like as doxorubicin is the most common treatment procedure given to cancer patients. Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic drug that triggers the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) affect to body cells including taste bud cells to induced the expression of Metallothionein 3 (MT-3), eventually cause cell damage that leads to a metallic taste. Antioxidant therapy can be an alternative to overcome metallic taste as it counters ROS effect and lowers the expression of MT-3. The aim of this study is to evaluate MT-3 expression in the taste bud cells of male Wistar Rats after induction of doxorubicin combined with vitamin E and mung bean sprouts (Phaseolusradiatus L.) juice. Methods: 27 male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g aged 3-4 months were divided into 3 groups randomly; control group, treatment group 1 (receiving doxorubicin and vitamin E), and treatment group 2 (receiving doxorubicin and mung bean sprouts juice). After 5 days, the rats were sacrificed, and the tongue was taken for immunohistochemistry analysis. Data were then analyzed by One Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene Test, and Oneway-ANOVA statistical test (p<0.05). Results: The MT-3 expression increases in the following order; control group (4.93), treatment group 2 (7.08), and treatment group 1 (9.95). Treatment group 1 and 2 both show remarkable increases of MT-3 expression compare to control. Conclusion: The induction of doxorubicin and antioxidant can increase the level of MT-3 expression.
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@#Introduction: Biological process of wound healing in soft tissue injury which include some phase that its highly organized cascade, such as haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Healing process will be impaired when there is an interference with one of the four of the phase not going well. This study is aimed to proving the role of dragon fruit peel extract towards the interpretation of TGF- β, fibroblast cell and formation of new blood vessels during wound healing process. Methods: 20 rattus norwegicus wistar strain rats are separated into four groups. The one lower incisor is extracted, afterward the wound post extraction of the treatment group was treated with dragon fruit peel extract gel with the concentration of 15%, 30% and 60%, meanwhile, for the control groups, they are treated with polyethylene glycol gel. On the fourth day, the rats were sacrificed and preparation of immunohistochemical and histopathology are made. Observe under the light microscope with 400x magnification. Results: This study shows that the 30% concentration increase the expression of TGF- β (16.6±2.07), fibroblast proliferation (77.6±5.27) and new blood vessels (33.8±2.28) compare to the control group, 15% and 60% concentration in a meaningful way (p=0.00, p=0.00 and p=0.00). Conclusions: The dragon fruit peel extract gel may affect the wound healing process of extraction by increasing the expression of TGF- β, number of fibroblast and formation of new blood vessels.
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PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to asses the relationship between the level of sIgA and dental caries experience in healthy children who are 6- to 9-years-old from Indonesia. The case-control study is conducted to determine the protective role of salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in the stimulated whole saliva of dental caries-active and caries-free children. METHODS: This research was done by stimulating the whole saliva which had been collected from 6- to 9-years-old children with the index def-t≥3 of 30 children as the caries-active children group and 30 children with def-t<3 as the low caries-active children group. Saliva samples were collected in sterile vials between 10 am-12 pm due to the circadian rhythm, which is at least one hour after last meal. 1,5 ml of collected salivary sample was centrifuged, then the supernatants was transferred to other tube and stored immediately to the laboratory at a temperature of -20 °C. The estimation of sIgA concentration was done by using ELISA. The differences in the level of sIgA between the two groups with caries were analyzed using the t-test afterward. RESULTS: The total salivary concentration of sIgA was statistically significantly higher in the low caries-active children group than in the caries-active children group. CONCLUSION: The total salivary concentration of sIgA was statistically and significantly higher in the low caries-active children group than caries-active children Group. There is a negative correlation between sIgA level and dental caries activity of 6 to 9-years-old children.
