Microwaves as modulators of membrane stability parameters during hepatic cancer.

PURPOSE: The present study explored the potential of microwaves on membrane fluidity changes in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in vivo. METHODS: Rats were segregated into four groups: normal control, DEN-treated, microwave-treated, DEN+microwave-treated. Brush border membranes (BBM) were isolated from the rats and, using the membrane extrinsic fluorophore pyrene, we assessed the viscosities as well as fluidity parameters. RESULTS: DEN treatment resulted in a significant rise in lipid peroxidation (LPO). Reduced glutathione levels (GSH) and the activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were found to be significantly decreased following DEN treatment. On the other hand, microwave treatment in DEN-treated rats resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of lipid peroxidation but caused a significant rise in the levels of GSH as well in the activities of GR, GST, SOD, CAT and GPx. The results further demonstrated a marked decrease in membrane microviscosity following DEN treatment. On the other hand, a significant increase was observed in the excimer/monomer ratio and fluidity parameter of DEN-treated rats when compared to normal control rats. However, the alterations in membrane microviscosity and the fluidity parameters were significantly restored after microwave treatment. CONCLUSION: The study, therefore, concludes that microwave proved quite useful in the modulation of membrane stability parameters following DEN-induced hepatic cancer.

Elevated Fas expression is related to increased apoptosis of circulating CD8+T cell in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis of CD8+T lymphocyte in peripheral blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).@*Methods@#The proportion and apoptosis of peripheral blood CD8+T lymphocytes in 30 healthy controls, 30 patients with cirrhosis and 60 HCC patients were detected by Flow cytometry, and the expression of Fas on the surface of CD8+T lymphocytes was reported. The differences between groups were compared using independent sample t-test, and data of variance were tested with Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.@*Results@#The proportion of CD8+T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with HCC was 26.4% ± 9.2%, higher than that of 24.5% ± 7.1% in cirrhosis (t = 0.783, P = 0.489), and and healthy control 19.7% ± 4.7% (t = 2.920, P = 0.004). The proportion of apoptotic CD8+T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of HCC patients was 25.3% ± 6.5%, of the total CD8+T lymphocytes, which was significantly higher than that of healthy controls 12.1%±6.5% (t = 7.555, P < 0.001) and cirrhotic 13.6% ± 5.8% (t = 5.213, P < 0.001), the differences were statistically significant. The proportion of Fas+CD8+T lymphocytes in the HCC group was 62.2% ± 18.5%, higher than that in the healthy control group 42.6%±16.5% (t = 4.127, P < 0.001) and 46.1% ± 14.5% (t = 2.561, P < 0.01)of the cirrhosis group, the differences were statistically significant. Fas expression was positively correlated with the apoptosis of CD8+T lymphocytes (r 2 = 0.113, P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#The proportion of CD8+T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with HCC is higher than that of healthy controls, but the proportion of CD8+T lymphocyte apoptosis based on Fas/FasL pathway increased, which may be an important mechanism for tumor cell immune escape.

Anatomical study on isocentric C-arm three-dimensional imaging navigated percutaneous double screw fixation of pubic symphysis diastasis / 中华创伤杂志

Objective With the isocentric C-arm (Iso-C) three-dimensional computerized navigation system,cadaveric pelvic specimens were used to imitate double screw fixation of the symphysis pubic.Practicability and safety of the screw trajectory were examined postoperatively by local cadaveric dissections and imaging tests.Methods Pelvic specimens were harvested from 8 male and 7 female adult cadavers.Double screw placement in symphysis pubic was performed using the Iso-C three-dimensional navigation and entry point and safety trajectory was achieved.With the detailed local dissection postoperatively,distances from screw entry and exit points to unilateral structures (spermatic cord,femoral artery and vein,femoral nerve,obturator artery and vein,obtrurator nerve,and so on) were measured respectively.After complete removal of surrounding soft tissues of the specimen with only bony structure kept,the entry angle and length were calculated.Accuracy of double screw fixation of symphysis pubic was further checked using X-ray and CT.Results Entry point of the first screw was at the junction of unilateral pubic tubercle and transitional site of superior pubic ramus.Mean angle of the first screw with the horizontal plane was (7.7 ± 1.9) ° in men and (8.1 ± 1.7) ° in women.Mean angle between the first screw and coronal plane was (7.8 ± 1.8)° in men and (7.7 ±2.0)° in women.Entry point of the second screw was in the same place in the contralateral pubic tubercle.Mean angle between the second screw and horizontal plane was (30.6 ± 4.0) ° in men and (30.8 ± 3.4) ° in women.Mean angle between the second screw and coronal plane was (9.1 ± 3.0)°in men and (9.2 ± 3.3)°in women.Conclusions With the three-dimensional computerized navigation system,the bony channels of double screws implanted in the symphysis pubic are achieved and reliable.Percutaneous double screw fixation is feasible to treat the pubic symphysis diastasis.