The Association Between Diabetic Retinopathy and the Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration-The Kailuan Eye Study.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) and analyze whether DR is a risk factor for AMD. This population-based epidemiological study included 14,440 people from the Kailuan Eye Study in 2016, of whom 1,618 were patients with type 2 DM aged over 50 years, and 409 had DM with DR. We analyzed whether there were differences in the prevalence of AMD between DM with DR and DM without DR, and conducted a hierarchical statistical analysis according to different stages of DR. Using variable regression analysis, we explored whether DR constituted a risk factor for AMD. In the DM population, the prevalence of wet AMD in patients with DM with and without DR was 0. 3 and 0.2%, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.607). Meanwhile, the prevalence of dry AMD in patients with DM with and without DR was 20.8 and 16.0%, respectively, with a significant difference. In the subgroup analysis of dry AMD, the prevalence of early, middle, and late dry AMD in DM with DR was 14.4, 5.9, and 0.5%, respectively. In DM without DR, the prevalence of early, middle, and late dry AMD was 10.5, 4.8, and 0.7%, respectively (P = 0.031). In the subgroup analysis of DR staging, statistical analysis could not be performed because of the limited number of patients with PDR. In the variable regression analysis of risk factors for dry AMD, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, DR constituted the risk factor for dry AMD. In conclusion, DM did not constitute a risk factor for AMD, and the prevalence of wet AMD and dry AMD in patients with DM and DR was higher than that in patients with DM without DR (among which dry AMD was statistically significant). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that DR is an independent risk factor for dry AMD. Reasonable control of DM and slowing down the occurrence and development of DR may effectively reduce the prevalence of AMD in patients with DM.

ACE2-Targeting Monoclonal Antibody As A "Pan" Coronavirus Blocker In Vitro and In A Mouse Model

The evolution of coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, makes broad-spectrum coronavirus preventional or therapeutical strategies highly sought after. Here we report a human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-targeting monoclonal antibody, 3E8, blocked the S1-subunits and pseudo-typed virus constructs from multiple coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 mutant variants (SARS-CoV-2-D614G, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, B.1.617.1 and P.1), SARS-CoV and HCoV-NL63, without markedly affecting the physiological activities of ACE2 or causing severe toxicity in ACE2 "knock-in" mice. 3E8 also blocked live SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in a prophylactic mouse model of COVID-19. Cryo-EM and "alanine walk" studies revealed the key binding residues on ACE2 interacting with the CDR3 domain of 3E8 heavy chain. Although full evaluation of safety in non-human primates is necessary before clinical development of 3E8, we provided a potentially potent and "broad-spectrum" management strategy against all coronaviruses that utilize ACE2 as entry receptors and disclosed an anti-coronavirus epitope on human ACE2.

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for middle school student's unprotected sex: A randomized controlled trial / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of individualized cognitive behavioral therapy for unprotected sex and sexual attitude of middle school students having unprotected sex.Methods:A target sample of 68 adolescents having unprotected sex was recruited from 4 secondary schools in Changsha,Hunan [the unprotected sex (US) score of Health-Risk Behavior Inventory for Chinese Adolescents (HBICA) ≥ 1].Subjects were randomized assigned to cognitive behavioral therapy group (CBT group) and control group.Each group had 34 subjects.The CBT group was giving one-on-one counseling for 6 weeks (50 to 60 minutes weekly).The control group didn't receive intervention by counselors.The US and Attitudes Toward Sexuality Scale (ATSS) were selected as criterion measurements.Outcome assessments were made at baseline and at 1-and 3-month follow-up.Results:The reduction rate of US scores showed that the response rate of therapy was over 80％.Mixed linear model analysis showed that there were significant group effect,time effect and group × time effect in scores of US and ATSS (Ps ＜ 0.05).Simple effect analysis indicated that the scores of US and ATSS of CBT group were significant lower than those of baseline from 1-month follow-up [(2.2 ± 2.9) vs.(4.7 ± 3.1),(3.2 ± 1.6) vs.(4.7 ± 3.1);(38.2 ± 4.9) vs.(40.9 ±5.1),(37.2 ±5.4) vs.(40.9 ±5.1),Ps ＜0.01],whereas the scores of those in the control group did not show any significant difference (Ps ＞0.05).At l-month and 3 month follow-up,moderate effect sizes were found for the CBT and control groups on all the outcome measures (Cohen's d =0.50-0.70).Conclusion:The individualized cognitive behavioral therapy could effectively reduce the level of unprotected sex and sexual attitude of adolescents having unprotected sex.

One Network Resource Sharing Architecture of Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Currently, the basic network resource of the entire traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industry is fragmented. Issues of data unify are not easily resolved. It seems that there is no new breakthrough in key technologies, especially on the problem of data sharing and resources' integration. In this context, a method of medical information data sharing is advocated to solve the problem. We use the RESTful style to define resources of the pharmaceutical industry, which is based on the UDDI Web services standards. The objective of this paper is to create a method of TCM resource URL defined and exchanged. Finally, this paper provided an easy way for TCM data network sharing.

Protective effect of melatonin on mitochondria in diabetic rats / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of melatonin on mitochondria in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and its potential mechanism. Methods The diabetic rat models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ, and the diabetic rats were randomly divided into two groups: diabetes mellitus group (DM group) and melatonin-treated group (DM± MT group). The normal non-diabetic rats were served as control group. Mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were measured, the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)was assayed by immunohistochemistry in the heart, liver and kidney among the different groups after 8 weeks. Results (1)Compared with DM group, mitochondrial membrane potential in the heart,liver and kidney were significantly elevated in DM± MT group (553.6± 193.5 vs. 311.4 ± 133.7;745.7±115.8 vs. 358.9±158.7; 951.6±246.1 vs. 425.8±177.9, all P＜0.05). (2)Compared with DM group, mitochondrial swelling in the heart, liver and kidney was reinforced in DM ± MT group. (3)Compared with DM group, the expressions of VDAC in the heart, liver and kidney were significantly up-regulated in DM± MT group (76.93 ± 8.263 vs. 58.59 ± 7.62, 50.69 ± 6.33 vs.40.11±6.30, 77.86±8.59 vs. 61.44± 12.86, all P＜0.05). Conclusions Melatonin has protective effect on the activity of mitochondria in the heart, liver and kidney in diabetic rats possibly by up-regulating the expression of VDAC.

Guidance Effect of Monitoring Drug Sensitivity on Treatment of Non-gonoccocal Urethritis due to Ureaplasma urealyticum / 中华医院感染学杂志

0.05).CONCLUSIONS The rising rates of the drug-resistant Uu strains may be resulted of no-standard treatments.The treatment time will be shortened and the curative effects will be better if the treatments are based on the results of the susceptibility test.