Effect of delayed cord clamping on stem cell transfusion and hematological parameters in preterm infants with placental insufficiency: a pilot randomized trial.

The feasibility of delayed cord clamping (DCC) in preterm infants with placental insufficiency (PI) is questionable. We aimed to study the effect of DCC on stem cell transfusion, hematological parameters, and clinical outcomes in preterm infants born to mothers with PI. Preterm infants, < 34 weeks' gestation, born to mothers with PI were randomized based on the timing of umbilical cord clamping into delayed clamping for 60 s (DCC group) or immediate cord clamping (ICC group) groups at time of birth. CD34 percentage as a marker of stem cell transfusion, early and late-onset anemia, hypothermia, hypotension, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, duration of oxygen therapy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intra-ventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, mortality, and length of hospital stay were compared between studied groups. We found that peripheral blood CD34 percentage was significantly higher in DCC compared with that in the ICC group (median (IQR) of 0.5 (0.40-0.7) versus 0.35 (0.20-0.5), p = 0.004). Infants in the DCC group had significantly lower episodes of anemia of prematurity at 2 months, red blood cell transfusion, and shorter duration of oxygen therapy compared with those in the ICC group.Conclusion: In conclusion, DCC compared with ICC increased stem cell transfusion and decreased early- and late-onset anemia in preterm infants with placental insufficiency.Trial registration: NCT03731546 www.clinicaltrials.gov What is Known: • Delayed cord clamping has been recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics as a standard of care practice during delivery of preterm infants. • The feasibility of DCC in preterm infants with placental insufficiency (PI) is uncertain. What is New: • This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that DCC in the delivery room care of preterm infants born to mothers with placental insufficiency increased stem cell transfusion and decreased early- and late-onset anemia.

Assessment of the innervation pattern of oral squamous cell carcinoma using neural protein gene product (9.5)-An immunocytochemical study.

BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to assess the innervation patterns in oral cancer using the general neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and to find an explanation for why oral cancer tends to be painless in the early stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumor tissue from 30 unselected patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma was evaluated for this study. PGP 9.5 was used to localize nerve fibers in oral squamous cell carcinoma. An indirect immunofluorescence technique using biotin/FITC streptavidin detection system was used on paraffin wax sections of tumor tissue fixed in neutral buffered formalin. RESULTS: There was no PGP9.5 immunoreactivity in the normal tissue adjacent to the tumor in 18 cases out of 30 (60%). In 12/30 of oral squamous cell carcinoma, preexisting nerve fibers were detected in tissue stroma adjacent to the cancer tissue. Labeled nerve fibers between tumor cells were detected only in 2 out of the 30 cases. CONCLUSION: There are no apparent patterns of innervations in the cancer tissues themselves, but there are innervations patterns in the surrounding tissue, which presumably represents preexisting nerves. These results may partly explain why oral cancer tends to be painless in the early stages.