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1.
Balkan J Med Genet ; 22(2): 43-50, 2019 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31942416

ABSTRACT

Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an important regulatory protein for inhibition of calcification in the vessel wall and cartilage. The MGP gene polymorphisms are suspected to increase the risk of extracellular calcification through altering the related gene expression and serum MGP levels. The goal of this study was to examine the correlation between rs4236 (Thr83-Ala), rs12304 (Glu60-X) and rs1800802 (T138-C) polymorphisms of the MGP gene and coronary artery calcification. Serum MGP levels of 168 subjects who had undergone coronary angiography were analyzed along with genotyping of MGP gene polymorphisms. The results indicated that serum MGP levels were significantly associated with rs4236 and rs1800802 polymorphisms of the MGP gene with the occurrence of coronary artery diseases (CAD). Allelic distributions of MGP gene polymorphisms and serum MGP levels, respectively, were not significantly interconnected with the presence of CAD. Our results revealed that serum MGP levels of CAD patients show association with rs4236 and rs1800802 polymorphisms, but serum MGP levels alone do not directly reflect the risk of CAD. The role of MGP genetic variants on formation and progression of arterial calcification should be regarded in cardiovascular diseases.

2.
Hum Exp Toxicol ; 28(4): 214-9, 2009 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19734273

ABSTRACT

Maras powder (MP) is a kind of smokeless tobacco used in the south-eastern region of Turkey and in several other countries of Middle and Far East. The present study was performed to assess the impacts of MP and cigarette smoking on the possible DNA damaging effect. Alkaline comet assay, which is a reliable and an important tool in human biomonitoring studies in the area of genetic toxicology, was used in peripheral lymphocytes of MP users, cigarette smokers, and non-smokers while their frequencies of total comet scores (TCS) were evaluated. The mean TCS (+/-SD) frequency in the peripheral lymphocytes was 14.4 (+/-10.04) for MP users and 8.26 (+/-5.38), 5.94 (+/-3.87) for cigarette smokers (P < 0.05) and non-smoking control subjects, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no significant effect of daily consumption of MP and the duration of MP usage on comet frequencies. In reply to a wrong belief among MP users ("the use of smokeless tobacco product is substantially less hazardous than cigarettes"), the present study shows that the oral use of smokeless tobacco represents a genotoxic hazard which is even higher than the DNA damage observed in cigarette smokers. Therefore, habitual use of MP should be taken into account and could be considered unsafe, equally harmful, and it should not be viewed as a safe alternative to cigarettes.


Subject(s)
Mutagens , Smoking/genetics , Tobacco, Smokeless/toxicity , Adult , Cell Movement/drug effects , Comet Assay , DNA/chemistry , DNA Damage , Electrophoresis , Ethidium , Female , Fluorescent Dyes , Humans , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Male , Turkey
3.
J Food Prot ; 64(11): 1851-3, 2001 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11726174

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the patulin contamination of apple juices consumed by the Turkish population. Patulin was detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV detector at 280 nm, and the identification of patulin was further confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Using HPLC, the recoveries were 79.9 +/- 6.7% and 83.7 +/- 4.6%, and the coefficients of variation were 8.4 and 5.5% for apple juices spiked with the known amounts of patulin (60 and 120 microg/liter. respectively). The minimum patulin level detected was 5 ng in a standard solution and 5 microg/liter in apple juices. The TLC method was used only to confirm patulin levels higher than 20 microg/liter (100 ng/spot) in apple juices. The total number of samples was 45. Patulin was present in detectable levels in 60% of apple juices at concentrations ranging from 19.1 to 732.8 microg/liter. Forty-four percent of the apple juice samples had patulin contamination levels higher than 50 microg/ liter, which is the allowable upper limit in Turkey.


Subject(s)
Beverages/microbiology , Mutagens/analysis , Patulin/analysis , Beverages/toxicity , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Food Analysis , Incidence , Malus , Mutagens/isolation & purification , Patulin/isolation & purification , Turkey/epidemiology
4.
Neurochem Res ; 26(12): 1327-33, 2001 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11885785

ABSTRACT

In this study, changes in striatal extracellular L-citrulline concentrations were investigated hourly for 5 h following alcohol withdrawal in chronic alcohol feeding Wistar rats. Alcohol (7.2% ethyl alcohol, v/v) was given to rats as modified liquid diet for 20 days. Signs of alcohol withdrawal appeared from the 1st h of alcohol withdrawal and the total alcohol withdrawal scores remained higher during the course of experiments. The mean of basal levels of L-citrulline in the microdialysis samples collected in conscious rat model from the striatum of control and alcoholized rats were found to be 1.28 +/- 0.48 microM and 0.35 +/- 0.08 microM, respectively. L-citrulline levels in the striatum of alcoholized rats increased by 4 folds significantly within 1 h following alcohol withdrawal. The increased striatal L-citrulline concentration was blocked by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 60 mg/kg), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, pretreatment. Our results indicate an increased L-citrulline level in the rat striatum during early alcohol withdrawal and this situation may be related to an increased nitric oxide production.


Subject(s)
Citrulline/metabolism , Corpus Striatum/metabolism , Ethanol/adverse effects , Extracellular Space/metabolism , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism , Animals , Behavior, Animal , Citrulline/antagonists & inhibitors , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Male , NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reference Values , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology , Time Factors
5.
Drug Metabol Drug Interact ; 14(4): 251-8, 1998.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10694932

ABSTRACT

We investigated whether carbamazepine, which is known to be metabolized to an electrophilic epoxide derivative in the body, causes any decrease, analogous to the action of epoxides, of hepatic glutathione (GSH) level in rats. Carbamazepine was administered to rats and liver GSH levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Neither a single low nor repeated low doses (30 mg/kg) of carbamazepine (CBZ) produced a statistically significant difference in GSH levels relative to controls. A single high dose of CBZ (100 mg/kg) produced a large and significant decrease relative to control (GSH level 3.82 +/- 0.64 vs 6.54 +/- 0.45 mumol GSH/g liver). CBZ and its metabolite carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide were determined in plasma by HPLC after the high dose of carbamazepine administration. The concentrations of carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide were 18.9 +/- 2.9 micrograms/ml and 10.7 +/- 2.8 micrograms/ml, respectively.


Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Carbamazepine/pharmacology , Glutathione/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Animals , Anticonvulsants/blood , Carbamazepine/analogs & derivatives , Carbamazepine/blood , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Glutathione/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
7.
Planta Med ; 53(1): 43-6, 1987 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17268958

ABSTRACT

From the leaves of DIGITALIS CARIENSIS in addition to the known glycosides, three new cardenolides, a major and two minor ones, have been isolated and their structures established as gluco-gitoxigenine-glucomethyloside (gitoxigenine-3- O-beta- D-glucosyl-beta- D-glucomethyloside), gitoxigenine-3- O-beta- D-glucosyl-beta- D-glucomethylosyl-beta- D-bisdigitoxoside, and gitoxigenine-3- O-beta- D-glucosyl-beta- D-glucomethylosyl-beta- D-digitoxide, respectively, by chemical evidence and FAB-MS. Except for the unstable glucolanadoxine, the known major components isolated from the leaves are glucogitoroside, glucoevatromonoside, digitalinum verum, gluco-digitoxigenine-glucomethyloside, glucodigifucoside, and glucogitofucoside. A total of 23 cardenolides present in the leaves in trace amounts were also identified.

8.
Planta Med ; 45(4): 203-6, 1982 Aug.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17396912

ABSTRACT

Cardenolide glycosides of stem leaves of D. schischkinii, at the same age and location, were analysed quantitatively over several vegetation periods and the limit values found are tabulated. Total glycoside content of the leaves was 0.86-1.0%. Digoxigenin glycosides was 50% and the sum of lanatosid C, desacetyllanatosid C, acetyldigoxin and digoxin was 40% of the content. As yet unknown glycosides diginatigenin-digilanidobioside, the corresponding secondary glycoside and diginatigenin-bisdigitoxoside were identified as minor compounds.

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