ABSTRACT
La necrosis pulpar en dientes con ápice abierto representa un desafio al tratamiento endodóntico. Esto debido a que la anatomía radicular se encuentra parcialmente formada, con ápices abiertos, paredes radiculares finas y frágiles, así como la longitud radicular reducida. En estas situaciones, cuatro opciones de tratamiento están disponibles: 1) Apexificación con renovación periódica de medicación intraconducto (MIC), hasta que sea posible observarradiográficamente el cierre apical; 2) Apexificación sin renovación de MIC; 3) Confección de una barrera apical utilizando agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA) o Biodentine; 4) Revascularización pulpar. El endodoncista debe estar atento a la evolución tanto de las técnicas de tratamiento como de los materiales dentales, conociendo sus indicaciones y limitaciones. Este artículo llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre las diferentes formas de tratamiento en casos de dientes traumatizados con rizogénesis incompleta y necesidad de tratamiento endodóntico por necrosis pulpar, indicando las ventajas, desventajas y limitaciones de cada una.
Necrotic pulp of teeth with open apex leads to challenges in endodontic treatment because the anatomy of the root canal is incompletely formed with widely open apex, root walls thin and fragile and reduced root length. In these situations, four treatment options are available: 1) Apexification with periodic exchanges of intracanal medication (ICM), until radiographic evidence of apical closure; 2) Apexification without exchanges of ICM; 3) Apical barrier using mineral-trioxide-aggregate (MTA) or Biodentine; 4) Pulp revascularization. The endodontist should be attentive to the evolution of treatment techniques and dental materials, with their limitations and directions. This article reviews the literature on the different forms of treatment in cases of traumatized immature teeth, indicating the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of each one.
ABSTRACT
Dental trauma generally requires multidisciplinary planning and treatment for good prognosis. When immature teeth are traumatized to a degree where pulp necrosis ensues, the objective of root canal treatment should be apexogenesis and root maturation. Apexification of the root is the conventional choice, which involves cleaning the canal and filling it with a temporary medication that stimulates the formation of a calcific apical barrier. Dental Trauma Service of Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil employs a dressing for apexification treatments with calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine gel 2% and zinc oxide. This paper reports the case of a dental trauma of the maxillary central incisors and subluxation on teeth 11, 12 and 21 that were treated with multidisciplinary collaboration (Endodontics, Periodontology and Operative Dentistry) to improve prognosis. After five-years there were no pathological conditions and the teeth showed every evidences of success.
