MRS1754 inhibits proliferation and migration of bladder urothelial carcinoma by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.

Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) is one of the most common urological malignancies. Our previous study found that adenosine A2b receptor (A2bR) was upregulated in BUC tissues and cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of MRS1754 (a selective A2bR antagonist) on cell proliferation and migration in two well-studied invasive urothelial cell carcinoma lines EJ and T24. Our results showed that MRS1754 reduced BUC cell proliferation and induced a G0/G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. Next, MRS1754 inhibited cell migration and Bay60-6583 (a selective A2bR agonist) treatment could reverse the inhibitory effect of MRS1754 on BUC cells migration. Furthermore, our results showed MRS1754 treatment downregulated the protein levels of p-P38, p-JNK, and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). These findings suggest that MRS1754 can inhibit progression of BUC via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and indicate the therapeutic potential of A2B antagonists in BUC.

Effects of full-course epidural delivery on puerpera and neonatal / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effects of epidural analgesia on puerpera and neonatal.Methods A total of 150 puerpera were continuously enrolled from May 2017 to May 2018 in Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,and were divided into analgesia group (102 cases) and non-analgesia group (48 cases) according to their prenatal wishes.The analgesia group was given epidural anesthesia for analgesic delivery,while the control group had no analgesia intervention.Differences in the expression of serum pain and stress hormones were compared between two groups at the time of prenatal,postpartum 1h and 24h.At the same time,differences in neonatal NACS scores were compared between two groups at the time of postpartum 1h,8h and 24h.Results No statistically significant differ-ences were found between the two groups in prenatal serum pain and stress hormones,but at the time of postpartum 1h and 24h,serum pain media neuropeptide Y ( NPY) ( t = 5. 041, P = 0. 000; t = 4. 984, P = 0. 000 ), 5 -hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (t=3.083,P=0.002;t=4.203,P=0.000),prostate E2 ( PGE2) ( t=6.764,P=0.000;t=4.364,P=0.000) and stress hormone angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) (t=3.670,P=0.000;t=2.911,P=0.004),adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)[(212.54 ± 38.65) ng/mL vs.(231.43 ± 34.82)ng/mL,t=3.510, P=0.001; (163.82 ± 33.21) ng/mL vs.(175.21 ± 32.48) ng/mL,t=2.105,P=0.045)] and cortisol (Cor) [(344.56 ± 57.39) μg/L vs.(381.81 ± 59.23)μg/L,t=3.670,P=0.000; (241.27 ± 43.44) μg/L vs.(262.56 ± 37.97) μg/L,t=2.911,P=0.004)] in the analgesia group were significantly lower than those in the non-analge-sia group.There were no statistically significant differences in NACS score,complications and Apgar score between the two groups (all P>0.05).Conclusion The analgesic effect of full-course epidural delivery in analgesic delivery is remarkable,which can effectively reduce maternal stress reaction, and it is safe and has less adverse effect on neonates.

Effects of full-course epidural delivery on puerpera and neonatal / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the effects of epidural analgesia on puerpera and neonatal.@*Methods@#A total of 150 puerpera were continuously enrolled from May 2017 to May 2018 in Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, and were divided into analgesia group (102 cases) and non-analgesia group (48 cases) according to their prenatal wishes.The analgesia group was given epidural anesthesia for analgesic delivery, while the control group had no analgesia intervention.Differences in the expression of serum pain and stress hormones were compared between two groups at the time of prenatal, postpartum 1h and 24h.At the same time, differences in neonatal NACS scores were compared between two groups at the time of postpartum 1h, 8h and 24h.@*Results@#No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in prenatal serum pain and stress hormones, but at the time of postpartum 1h and 24h, serum pain media neuropeptide Y (NPY) (t=5.041, P=0.000; t=4.984, P=0.000), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (t=3.083, P=0.002; t=4.203, P=0.000), prostate E2 (PGE2) (t=6.764, P=0.000; t=4.364, P=0.000) and stress hormone angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) (t=3.670, P=0.000; t=2.911, P=0.004), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)[(212.54±38.65) ng/mL vs.(231.43±34.82)ng/mL, t=3.510, P=0.001; (163.82±33.21) ng/mL vs.(175.21±32.48) ng/mL, t=2.105, P=0.045)]and cortisol (Cor)[(344.56±57.39) μg/L vs.(381.81±59.23)μg/L, t=3.670, P=0.000; (241.27±43.44) μg/L vs.(262.56±37.97) μg/L, t=2.911, P=0.004)] in the analgesia group were significantly lower than those in the non-analgesia group.There were no statistically significant differences in NACS score, complications and Apgar score between the two groups (all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#The analgesic effect of full-course epidural delivery in analgesic delivery is remarkable, which can effectively reduce maternal stress reaction, and it is safe and has less adverse effect on neonates.

Analysis of common mutations of deafness-related genes in Zhoushan newborns / 预防医学

Objective@#To learn the mutation types and hearing screening results in local newborns of Zhoushan,in order to provide evidence for prevention and early detection of deafness.@*Methods@#The newborns in Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from August 2015 to May 2018 were recruited and detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry（MALDI-TOF-MS）for twenty-two mutation sites of GJB2,SLC26A,GJB3 and 12SrRNA genes. The results of genotyping and hearing screening were analyzed and the hearing condition of abnormal newborns was followed up. @*Results@# Among 4 029 newborns,180（4.47%）newborns were identified to carry mutations,including 94 males（4.66%）and 86 females （4.28%）. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of carrying mutations between male and female infants （P>0.05）. Totally 135 （3.35%）newborns failed in primary hearing screening,13（9.63%）of whom carried the deafness genes;3 894（96.65%）newborns passed,167（4.29%）of whom carried the deafness gene. There was statistically significant difference in the the rate of carrying mutations between newborns who passed and failed in primary hearing screening （P<0.05）. Eleven newborns were diagnosed with hearing loss,with a rate of 2.73‰. Among 180 mutations identified,there were 91 GJB2 mutations（2.26%）,57 SLC26A4 mutations（1.41%）,14 GJB3 mutations （0.35%）,15 mtDNA 12SrRNA mutations （0.37%）and 3 with mutations of two genes （0.07%）. Sixteen mutation sites （184 cases）were found,and the detection rate was 4.57%. @*Conclusion@#The rate of carrying deafness genes in Zhoushan newborns was 4.47%. The deafness genes found were mainly GJB2 and SLC26A4,the carrying rate of mtDNA 12SrRNA gene mutation was also high.

Efficacy of physical therapy for female sexual dysfunction / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the efficacy of manipulation combined with electrical stimulation and biofeedback on the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. 
 Methods: Seventy-two female patients with sexual dysfunction were recruited from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2014 to December 2015. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, and C). Patients in group A and group B received manipulation therapy and electrical stimulation biofeedback therapy, respectively, while patients in group C received manipulation combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation treatment for 30 days. The strength and fatigue degree of the type I and the type II muscle fiber of the pelvic muscles in all groups were evaluated before and one month after the treatment for further comparison. Questionnaire survey was used to investigate the frequency of sexual life and orgasm before and after treatment.
 Results: The strength and fatigue degree of patients in group C was significantly better than those of the other two groups (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Manipulation therapy combined with electrical stimulation and biofeedback can effectively enhance the recovery of sexual dysfunction in postpartum women and improve the quality of sexual life for patients with postpartum sexual dysfunction. It therefore can be spread in clinical practice.

The correlation between operating room nurses′cognition of patient safety culture and hospitals responsibility / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To understand the correlation between operating room nurses′cognition of patient safety culture and hospitals responsibility,so as to provide basis to establish patient safety measures. Methods A total of 98 operating room nurses participating the meeting were investigated by convenience sampling method with Nurse′s Organizational Climate Scale and Patient Safety Culture Assessment Scale. Results The mean score of nurses′ cognition of patient safety culture was 3.58 ± 0.30,which showed a high level. The mean score of operating room nurses′perception of psychological contract was 2.17 ± 0.58,which was below the middle level. There was a negative correlation between nurses′cognition of patient safety culture and psychological contract (P<0.05). Conclusions Hospitals responsibility need to improve urgently. Nursing administrators should improve resource guarantee, management support and team behavior,in order to promote positive nurses′consciousness and behavior of patient safety and ensure the safety of patients .

The effects of New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme on catastrophic health expenditure of rural families:A case study of Xiaochang County in Hubei Province / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective: To study the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure of rural families in Xiaochang County of Hubei province, in order to explore the influential factors of catastrophic health expenditure. Methods: By using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling to conduct a household survey, this paper randomly selects a total of a-bout 1,222 households of 4,673 people from 9 villages of 3 different towns in Xiaochang county of Hubei province, in order to compare the rate and severity of catastrophic health expenditure before and after joining the New Rural Coop-erative Medical Scheme ( NRCMS) , and it uses binary logistic regression model to analyze the influential factors of catastrophic health expenditure. Results: After joining the NRCMS, the rate, average gap and relative gap of cata-strophic health expenditure have all declined within the sampled areas; the influential factors of catastrophic health expenditure are household income, the number of working family members, the number of hospitalizations in family members, and the number of chronic patients among family members. Conclusion: With the increase of household in-come in the rural areas of Xiaochang County, both the rate and severity of catastrophic health expenditure have de-creased. In order to significantly reduce the catastrophic health expenditure in the rural areas of Xiaochang County, the government should perfectly improve the NRCMS's compensation mechanism for chronic outpatients' costs and re-duce the proportion of self-pay patients from low-income families.

Constructing a p53-fused dual luciferase reporter and verifying its function / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To construct a p53-fused dual luciferase reporter and to test whether this reporter can mimic wild-type p53 activities in a high-throughput screen.Methods:A restriction endonuclease site was added to each terminus and the stop codon of the wild-type full-length p53 open reading frame (ORF) was removed by PCR. A restriction endonuclease site was added to each terminus and the start codon of the ifrelfy luciferase ORF was removed by PCR. The two modified ORFs were inserted upstream of the IRES-induced renilla luciferase ORF in a CMV-derived vector. hTe p53 fusion protein was expressed in cells to test its MDM2-mediated degradation, subcellular localization, and induction of p53-responsive promoter. Results:hTe p53-fused dual luciferase reporter was successfully constructed. Atfer transfection into the host cells, the reporter expressing the p53 fusion protein that was degraded by oncoprotein MDM2, was mainly located inside the nucleus, and induced the p53-responsive promoter, respectively. Conclusion:hTe p53-fused dual luciferase reporter (p53FL/IRES/RL) can identify modulators of P53 protein level in a high-throughput screen of genetic or chemical libraries.

Construction of TDRG1 shRNA expression vector and interfering effect of TDRG1 shRNA expression vector on NTERA-2 cells / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To construct short hairpin RNA interfering expression vector of TDRG1,and detect the specific interfering effect of TDRG1-shRNA expression vector on NTERA-2 cells.@*METHODS@#Oligos for short hairpin RNA targefing for TDRG1 were designed and connected to the expression vector pGPU6/GFP/Neo to construct the TDRG1 shRNA expression vector. The recombinant plasmid TDRG1-shRNA486, TDRG1-shRNA738, TDRG1-shRNA921 and lipofectamine ™2000 were used to generate and transfect shRNA into NTERA-2 cells. Expression of TDRG1 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#TDRG1-shRNA expression vector was successfully constructed. TDRG1-shRNA486 was more effective in the suppression of TDRG1 with significant reduction of TDRG1 mRNA.@*CONCLUSION@#TDRG1-shRNA can interfere the expression of TDRG1 in NTERA-2 cells.

Clinical comparison study of laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy and transabdominal hysterectomy / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical effects of laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) and transabdominal hysterectomy (TAH).MethodsOne hundred and twenty-six cases operated with hysterectomy were classified into LAVH group and TAH group by random digits table with 63 cases each.The operation time,intraoperative bleeding amount,exhaust time,hospitalization time and postoperative complications were observed and compared.ResultsThe operation time,intraoperative bleeding amount,exhaust time and hospitalization time was ( 115.6 ± 13.8 ) min,(92.5 ± 11.3 ) ml,(21.8 ±4.8) d and (6.1 ± 1.7) d in LAVH group,( 82.5 ± 8.7) min,( 112.3 ± 17.8) ml,(28.9 ± 6.2) d and (9.6 ±2.2) d in TAH group,there were significant differences between two groups (P＜0.05).The incidence of incision pain,delayed wound healing,vaginal stump infection,thrombophlebitis,and gastrointestinal disorders was 9.5％(6/63),0,1.6％(1/63),0 and 7.9％(5/63) in LAVH group,which was significantly lower than that in TAH group [52.4％(33/63),7.9％(5/63),11.1％(7/63),7.9％(5/63) and 22.2％ ( 14/63 ) ] (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionCompared with TAH,LAVH can shorten exhaust time,hospitalization time,reduce intraoperative bleeding amount,decrease complication rate,which can be further applied in clinic.

Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibody against human testis development related gene 1 / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective To construct a prokaryotic plasmid to express the testis development related gene 1 (TDRG1) recombinant protein and obtain anti-TDRG1 mAb by immunizing mice, and to identify the biological properties of the mAb. Methods The coding sequence of TDRG1 was amplified by RT-PCR from normal human testis tissue and cloned into the vector pET21, and then was expressed in the E. coli BL 21(DE3) to get TDRG1 recombinant protein. The purified TDRG1 recombinant protein was injected to immunize the BALB/C mice to develop anti-TDRG1 mAb. Splenocytes of the immunized mice were collected and fused with the mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/0 cells. The hybridoma cells that secreted anti-TDRG1 mAb were subcloned with limited dilution. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate titers and subtypes of mAb. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect specificity of mAb.Results The prokaryotic plasmid expressing the recombinant protein was constructed, and the TDRG1 recombinant protein was expressed and purified. Two hybridoma cell lines that secreted anti-TDRG1 mAb were obtained. The titer of the mAb in ascites was 1∶1.6×10~6, and the subtype of the mAb was IgG_1. Westem blot and immunohistochemistry analysis indicated the mAb showed specific combination with TDRG1 protein in human testes.Conclusion The TDRG1 recombinant protein is highly purified and has strong antigenicity. The anti-TDRG1 mAb is produced successfully.

Real-time Rigiscan monitoring and color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the diagnostic value of real-time Rigiscan monitoring and Doppler ultrasonography following intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1in erectile dysfunction(ED).@*METHODS@#From January 1998 to December 2007, 1 392 ED patients completed the test. PGE(1) was injected into corpus cavernosum penis near the radix penis with injection guns. After 1 or 2 minutes, the Rigiscan Plus device was used for real-time evaluation of penile rigidity. Optimal injected dosage of each patient with positive reaction was determined. Injected dosage of patients with negative reaction was gradually increased from to 60 microg. As the dosage was established, color Doppler ultrasonography was used to assess the morphodynamic features of cavernosal arteries.@*RESULTS@#Altogether 1 039 patients were positive, while 353 patients were negative by Rigiscan. In the 1 039 positive patients,663 were injected with 10 microg PGE(1), 265 patients 20 microg, 97 patients 30 microg,and 14 patients 60 microg while 89(13.4%),39(14.7%),41(42.3%),and 10(71.4%) patients were diagnosed vascular ED. Of the 353 negative patients, 267(75.64%) patients were diagnosed vascular ED. During intracavernous pharmacological testing,the more PGE(1) was used, the more vascular ED patients would be found(P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#PGE(1) is safe and effective for the erectile responses. The dosage of PGE(1) following intracavernous injection is related to vascular ED. Real-time Rigiscan monitoring combined with color Doppler ultrasonograph can be helpful to diagnose penile vascular diseases.

Bio-effects of nano-TiO2 on lungs of mice / 生物医学工程学杂志

To evaluate the acute lung toxicity of intratracheally instilled nano-TiO2 in Kunming mice, healthy adult male Kunming mice were randomly grouped by their body weight (5 mice in each group). The lungs of mice were intratracheally instilled with 1 or 10 mg/kg x bw of nano-TiO2. The control group was intratracheally instilled with the same volume of physiological saline. After 1 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d of exposure, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected. The indices of BALF were examined. Lung tissues were assess histopathologically. The results showed that all indices of 10 mg/kg x bw groups were obviously higher than those of the control group and the group of nano-1 mg/kg x bw, respectively. Activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) on the 1st, 7th, 14th and 28th day post-exposure (pe), the amounts of malodialdehyde (MDA) on the 1st, 7th and, 14th day pe and total protein (TP) on the 1st and 7th day pe as well as the amounts of leukocyte on the 1st and 7th day pe of 10 mg/kg x bw groups were significantly different as compared with controls (P < 0.05). There were no obvious changes observed in the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) within groups (P > 0.05). Histopathological examination revealed that the lungs of 10 mg/kg x bw groups presented marked increase in pulmonary inflammation. Many TiO2 particles were still clearly found in the interstitium at 28 days pe. In contrast, low-dose instillation put forward a low risk potential for producing adverse effects on pulmonary health. We conclude that the inflammatory reaction gradually ceased after 28 days. Under the same experimental condition, the effect of lung injury was severer in high-dose nano-TiO2 than in low-dose nano-TiO2.

Evaluation of serum CA125 and endometrial antibody for the diagnosis of endometriosis / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo discuss the clinical value of serum CA125 and endometrial antibody (EMAb) for the diagnosis of endometriosis.Methods216 patients were determined by the presences of CA125 and EMAb before operation.ResultsAll cases were diagnosed by pathology after operation. CA125 positive rate in the endometriosis group was 58.3% and that in the control group was 12.5%. The difference between two groups was significant (P<0.01).EMAb positive rate in the endometriosis group was 31.3% and that in the control group was 14.3%. The difference between two groups was also significant (P<0.01). When determining CA125 alone to diagnose endometriosis, the sensitivity rate was 58.3% and specificity rate was 87.5%. If determining EMAb alone to diagnose endometriosis, the sensitivity rate was 31.3% and specificity rate was 85.7%. When one of them was used as diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity and specificity were 64.6% and 73.2% respectively. If combining use of both CA125 and EMAb as diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity and specificity were 25.0% and 100% respectively.Conclusions The determination of serum CA125 or EMAb levels is helpful for the qualitative diagnosis of endometriosis, especially using them combined, the diagnostic accuracy may be enhanced.

Investigation of urinary flow rate in 1024 healthy children / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To work out the uroflow parameters of normal children in Changsha area.Methods Overall,1048 tests of uroflow rate were performed on 1024 healthy children.The results of these tests were classified into several groups by sex,age,body surface area and urine volume voided.These data were statistically analyzed with SPSS10.0 software.For each group,the nomograms of uroflow parameters(including urine volume, body surface area,mean uroflow rate,and maximum uroflow rate) were drawn for clarifying the relationship among them.Results The maximum uroflow rate(Qmax) of the boys younger than 7 years increased with age;the Qmax increased 1.7ml/s with age increasing 1 year.The boys older than 7 years had the Qmax similar to that of adults.The Qmax of the girls younger than 9 years increased with age,the Qmax increased 1.2ml/s with age increasing 1 year.The girls older than 9 years had the Qmax similar to that of adults.In children,the Qmax,mean uroflow rate and urine volume increased with the increase in body surface area.Similarly,the Qmax and mean uroflow rate increased with the increase in urine volume voided.Conclusions The Qmax of boys younger than 7 years and girls younger than 9 years is obviously related with age.

A modified transperineal approach to treat posterior urethral atresia in boys / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the treatment of traumatic posterior urethral atresia in boys via a modified transperineal approach. Methods The transperineal approach was adepted in 11 cases with transecting the central perineal teadon, excising the ligaments of arcuate pubis and the traumatic scar, so that end-to-end anastomosis of urethra could be achieved with good exposure. Results 10 cases were cured after the first operation, where as one patient needed the procedure for 3 times. Conclusions The modified transperineal approach provide a good exposure for the anastomosis of urethra in boys.