Steel ribbed dome structural performance with different node connections and bracing system.

The conventional design of steel structure objects relies on a first-order elastic analysis, where the entire object is treated as a set of individual structural elements requiring time-consuming, semi-empirical design calculations. Such an approach leads to inefficient design time and excessive material consumption and may additionally result in designing on the verge of structural safety. The AEC sector's technological and digitization advancement process forces designers to use advanced design methods. Hence, it is necessary to indicate the benefits of using effective optimization. The paper presents a comparative analysis of steel domes using two design approaches: traditional first-order analysis and an advanced second-order analysis. The latter method considers the influence of structural deformation on the magnitude of internal forces. Eight models were developed, varying in terms of the connection's stiffness. The work results identify the differences between the two selected design approaches and present opportunities for further structural performance of steel structures.

Analysis of the Possibility of Using Cenospheres in the Production of Cement Mortars for Use in an Elevated Temperature Environment.

The topic of research included in this article was the evaluation of the influence of cenospheres on selected parameters of mortar cement. Samples were designed as CEM I 42.5 R Portland cement with the application of different additive amounts. In the experimental work, the consistency, compressive strength, and bending strength were tested after 28 and 56 days of maturation, and after heating temperatures of 20, 300, 500, and 700 °C. The compressive strength was tested on half beams (40 × 40 × 160 mm). Using the obtained results, the properties of the mortars were compared. The research confirmed the possibility of producing cenosphere-modified cement mortars. Cenospheres used in the preparation of cement mortar negatively affected the bending and compressive strength with increasing temperature (20, 300, 500, 700 °C) and increasing content of this additive (10, 20, 30%).

Vibration Energy Signal Information for Measure Dynamic Preferences of Ceramic Building Materials Using Experimental Modal Analysis Methodology.

Building constructions and their elements must meet requirements related to stability and strength. These are the conditions that determine the safety of the structure during both construction and operation. Safety assessment is based on diagnostic tests, aimed at checking the quality of the erected objects or locating damage to structural elements that arise during operation. This work focuses on experimental SISO modal analysis of ceramic masonry elements. An experiment was carried out on twenty samples of solid brick (good, and intentionally damaged). From this, it was possible to determine the variability of the obtained measurement results of the vibration characteristics of the masonry element, and, thus, to assess the value of the method used in the given research problem. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of assessing the degradation of the tested brick elements based on stabilization diagrams. The research confirmed the usefulness of experimental modal analysis in identifying damage to masonry elements, and it has been implemented in selected brickyards in Poland.

The Use of Modal Analysis in Addition Percentage Differentiation, and Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concretes with the Addition of Fly Ash from Sewage Sludge.

Production cost reduction and constraints on natural resources cause the use of waste materials as substitutes of traditional raw materials to become increasingly important. The dynamic development of sewerage systems and sewage treatment plants leads to increases in the produced sewage sludge. According to the Waste Law, municipal sewage sludge can be used if it is properly stabilized. This process results in significant quantities of fly ash that must be utilized. This paper presents investigation results of partial cement replacement influence by the fly ash from sewage sludge on concrete parameters. The results confirm the possibility of fly ash waste applications as a cement substitute in concrete manufacturing. In the later parts of the publication, a pilot study was conducted using the modal analysis methodology and aimed at checking the hypothesis of whether vibration methods can be used in the assessment of the amount of the admixture used in concrete and the effect it has on concrete properties. This is the first time that vibration tests have been used to determine the diversity of the concrete mix composition and to distinguish the percentage of ash added. There are no studies using modal analysis to distinguish the composition of a concrete mix in the scientific literature. The article shows that the vibration test results show the differentiation of concrete composition and can be further improved as a method for determining the composition of mixtures and for distinguishing their mechanical properties. These are only pilot studies, which, in order to develop the target cognitive inference, should be performed in the future on a significantly enlarged number of the studied samples.

An adaptive phase-locking insight to unravel mRNAs synchrony from microarray experiments.

A bulk mRNA expression time course can slow or advance modulating in phase the averaged expression of each gene within the cell-cycle. This is also a synchronism induced at the cycle start to recognize periodic genes. Consistent with the above, a novel adaptive phase-locking insight into microarray experiment is provided. The budding-yeast expression of the major role in the cell-division-cycle could be clustered in phase by a new amplitude noise immune approach which compares well to meta-analysis of the web Cyclebase and to previous results in the field. The new approach to timing elucidation seems to be well matched to cellular phenomena and might be promising as the most accurate ever applied in Fourier context.

Insight into DNA periodicity by a single-channel sequence data approach.

It has not been obvious how to map a genomic sequence into the numbers to elucidate its periodicities by digital signal processing (DSP) in accord with the underlying biology [1]. The well known DNA spectra and their extensions appear the A-T-C-G--base-wise by Fourier (FT), wavelet (WT) or related transforms of the indicatory functions (IF-s) of these bases. The IF assumes either 1-in the presence or 0-in the absence of the indicated base in sequence. The IF's spectra can be next combined in a different way including the optimal one to provide the net spectrum [2]. In this contribution, it is attempted, and not limited to; showing that single channel numeric DNA also turns out to be sufficient for biologically meaningful results by DSP with accompanying merits. Plausibility is possible considering any RNA message as a single-channel coded waveform; by the triplets of the codon bases which code for 20 different amino acids. This in turn enables a clear justification for the coding rhythm in terms of the codon usage frequency (CUF) and the gene series autocorrelation. The latter simply assesses a self-similarity of the message. Along with appending well established communication insight to biological perspectives, the answer to how the genetic code is becoming specific, inducing the self-similarity of the coded sequences under the three-base-shift case is addressed. Supporting the focus, there are some findings in vertebrates' genes data elucidated by the EMD of Huang-Hilbert transform (H-HT) [3]; these are long-term spectra relevant to the coding, the content of dicodons and the structural properties of coded proteins [4]. Also a new finding in the coding rhythm--the one which is attributed to the coding DNA, is included. This is the net coding rhythms in Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens house-keeping and vertebrates' genes comparison by histograms of adaptively tracked amplitudes case. It is intriguing how spectral features of genomic sequences correspond to related physical phenomena [5-8].

Is DNA code periodicity only due to CUF-codons usage frequency?

The triplet code for proteins and functional RNA has been either from the universal pattern of ancient RNA (-H1) [1], with a key role of an uneven codon usage frequency (CUF) in the periodic patterns origination, or a reading frame monitoring device (RFMD -H2) [2- 4]. H1 has lately been upheld [1] but in a single sequence sensitive way [1]. Since H1 and H2 are not mutually exclusive [2, 3, 4], a single sequence-wise sensitive approach by a resonant recognition model (RRM) has become the attempt described in this paper to challenge H1 and H2 in eukaryotes case as a novelty. In the RRM model [5, 6, 7] two bio-molecules interact favorably provided they both obey a common frequency and opposite phases consensus in their delocalized electron energy (DEE-) distributions [5]. Hence it has been possible to learn how well the DEE-s of the mRNA and of the ribosome match each other at 1/3 Hz - that applied to both the original and the CUF preserving randomly shuffled genomic data across the well known Bursét and Guigo collection of 570 coding vertebrates' genes. The matching of RRM patterns reduces to harmonics phase comparison of the relevant DEE-s, a task by a digital phase locked loop (DPLL) [8, 9, and 10]. The DPLL phase control to meet the RRM phase matching case is quantified into a small number of classes to describe the mRNA-ribosome interaction in a categorical way.