Postoperative effects of intra-alveolar application of 0.2% chlorhexidine or 1% hyaluronic acid bioadhesive gels after mandibular third molar extraction: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the postoperative effects of intra-alveolar applications of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHL) or 1% hyaluronic (HA) acid bioadhesive gels following the extraction of mandibular impacted third molars (MITMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 90 patients with one asymptomatic MITM were randomized into three group (n = 30 per group): group 1 (0.2% CHL), group 2 (1% HA), and group 3 (control). Visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to assess postoperative pain 24, 48, and 72 h and 7 days after surgery. Postsurgical complications were recorded: trismus, alveolitis osteitis, infection, or hematoma. RESULTS: In order from least to greatest, postoperative pain at all evaluation times was 0.2% CHL < 1% HA < control. At 24 h, statistically significant differences were found between both study groups and the control groups (0.2% CHL/control: P = 0.001; 1% HA/control: P = 0.010). At 48 and 72 h, significant differences were only found between 0.2% CHL and the control group (P = 0.229 and P = 0.046, respectively). At 7 days, no significant differences were found between any groups. Comparing the incidence of postoperative trismus, alveolitis osteitis, infection, or hematoma, although complications were more frequent in the control group, no statistical differences between groups were found (P > 0.050). CONCLUSIONS: Both 0.2% CHL and 1% HA bioadhesive gels applied intra-alveolarly minimize the postoperative complications after MITM extraction. Further research is necessary to confirm the present results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study might help to reduce the postsurgical complications in patients after MITM extraction.

Immediate post-extraction implants placed in acute periapical infected sites with immediate prosthetic provisionalization: a 1-year prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported the outcomes of immediate placement at infected post-extraction sites. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes of immediately placed implants with immediate prosthetic provisionalization in sockets with or without acute periapical pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 100 patients with immediately placed implants with immediate provisionalization and 1- year of follow up were included (50 patients with acute periapical pathology and a control group of 50 patients without acute periapical pathology). Clinical parameters (bleeding on probing, buccal keratinized mucosa width, clinical recession, and probing depth) and radiological parameters (distance from implant shoulder to first point of bone-to-implant contact [IS-BIC]) were assessed. RESULTS: Clinical parameters showed no significant differences between the study and control groups after 1-year follow up (p>0.05). IS-BIC presented the following values: 0.35 ± 0.51 mm (study group) and 0.15 ± 0.87 mm (control), without significant differences between the groups (p=0.160). None of the 50 radiographs of immediate implants placed in sockets with periapical pathology revealed retrograde peri-implantitis. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate placement of implants with immediate prosthetic provisionalization at sites with acute periapical pathology can be a successful treatment modality for at least 1-year.

Body image mediates the impact of pain on depressive symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease with treatment manifestations that can cause changes in appearance, including skin rashes, alopecia, vitiligo, and scars. SLE has been shown to adversely impact body image outcomes, and previous research has identified that greater disease activity is associated with worse body image outcomes which, in turn, are associated with greater depressive symptoms. For patients with SLE who also experience significant pain, poor body image outcomes may further compromise wellbeing and lead to greater depressive symptoms. The role of pain in body image has not been explored in SLE. Thus, the present study examined whether body image (specifically, body image-related quality of life) serves as a mediator of the relationship between pain and depressive symptoms among patients with SLE. METHODS: Multiple mediation analysis was used to examine the hypothesis that body image-related quality of life mediates the relationship between pain and depressive symptoms in a sample of patients with SLE (N = 135) from an urban region in Los Angeles, California. RESULTS: The sample was predominately female (92.6%) with a mean disease duration of approximately 17 years. Approximately one-quarter of the sample had elevated depressive symptoms. Body image-related quality of life was a significant mediator in the relationship between pain and depressive symptoms. The model accounted for 51% of the total variance in depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.51). CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional study suggested that body image-related quality of life may mediate the effects of pain on depressive symptoms among patients with SLE.

El uso de las Nuevas Tecnologías (internet, redes sociales, videojuegos) en jóvenes: un estudio con población canaria / Use of New Technologies (Internet, social networks, videogames) by young people: a study with a Canary Island population

Las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) han cambiado el mundo. Sabemos de sus ventajas: velocidad, accesibilidad, superación de barreras, intercomunicación en tiempo real en cualquier lugar, entre otras. Sin embargo, este avance tecnológico también tiene sus peligros: el mal uso, la posible adicción, riesgo de prácticas como el cy-berbullying, el grooming, suplantación de identidad, entre otros. Prácticas que en vez de potenciar al ser humano lo puede incluso destruir. En este trabajo se presentan los principales resultados de un estudio descriptivo sobre uso que hacen de las TICs, jóvenes residentes en la Comunidad Canaria. Para ello fueron entrevistados un total de 6134 jóvenes (entre 12 y 17 años) afincados en las 7 islas del archipiélago. Se exponen resultados (porcentajes y Chi cuadrado) sobre el uso de internet, teléfono móvil, videojuegos y apuestas en línea de la muestra estudiada. Estos resultados pretenden contribuir a describir los patrones de uso de las TIC en población juvenil, así como a establecer los límites entre el uso y el mal uso de estas tecnologías

New information and communication technologies (ICT) have changed the world. Their advantages are well known: speed, accessibility, overcoming barriers, intercommunication in real time anywhere, etc. These technological advances nevertheless also have their dangers: misuse, possible addiction, risks such as cyberbullying, grooming, identity impersonation, etc., Instead of empowering the human being, these practices can even destroy him. The present work is a descriptive study of the use of ICT (Information and communication technology) by young people living in the Canary Islands. A total of 6134 teenagers (from 12 to 17 years old) settled on the seven islands of the archipelago were interviewed. Results (percentages and Chi square) are presented on the use of the Internet, mobile phone, videogames and online bets. These results are intended to help to clarify the boundaries between the use and abuse of these technologies

Genetic Diversity and Geographical Distribution of Phytoplasmas Associated with Potato Purple Top Disease in Mexico.

Potato purple top (PPT) disease has caused severe economic losses in some potato (Solanum tuberosum) growing areas of Mexico. Two distinct phytoplasma strains belonging to the aster yellows and peanut witches'-broom groups (16SrI and 16SrII groups) have been associated with PPT disease in several regions of Mexico. However, there has been no previous large-scale survey in the main potato growing areas in Mexico to analyze the diversity and geographical distribution of phytoplasmas. Potato samples were collected between 2003 and 2006 and were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction assays. On the basis of results from nucleotide sequence comparisons and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rDNA, four different phytoplasma groups were detected in potato growing areas in Mexico. The aster yellows group (16SrI) 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' was distributed in all potato growing areas, whereas peanut witches'-broom group (16SrII) 'Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia' was detected in Guanajuato and Sinaloa, X-disease group (16SrIII) was detected in Coahuila and Guanajuato, and the Mexican periwinkle virescence (16SrXIII) was only detected in Sinaloa. Phytoplasmas from X-disease and Mexican periwinkle virescence groups were detected in potato samples for the first time in Mexico.

Uraco: anomalias del desarrollo, caracteristicas anatomicas y presentacion de dos casos

Urachal anomalies are infrequent, especially in adult patients, nevertheless their presentation must be well known. We present two cases with complicated urachal anomalies: a vesicourachal diverticulum and a urachal cyst. We will discuss their embriologic and anatomic characteristics, as well as their complications.

Las anomalías uracales son poco frecuentes especialmente en adultos, sin embargo, su forma de manifestarse debe conocerse. Presentamos dos casos de anomalías uracales complicadas: un divertículo y un quiste uracal. Se discuten las características embriológicas, ana-tómicas y complicaciones.

Un estudio correlacioual acerca del síndrome del "estar quemado" (burnout) y su relación con la personalidad / A correlational study about burnout and personality

El presente estudio forma parte de una investigación en la que los autores trabajan el constructo del burnout ("estar quemado"), y utilizando los planteamientos de Maslach y Jackson. En este trabajo se muestra la relación que el constructo tiene con distintas variables de personalidad. La muestra está formada por personal sanitario, tanto mujeres (84,8 por ciento) como hombres (15,2 por ciento), con edades comprendidas entre los 20 y los 60 años. Para la medida del burnout, utilizamos el Cuestionario de Burnout para Enfermería (CBE), de Hernández y Olmedo, para medir la extroversión y el neuroticismo utilizamos el E-N, de Pelechano, para medir el locus de control utilizamos el LUCAM, de Pelechano y Báguena, controlamos la variable patrón de conducta tipo A utilizando el de Bortner y, finalmente, para valorar la variable Rigidez utilizamos el cuestionario R-3 de Pelechano. Los resultados indican la existencia de relaciones entre el neuroticismo, el locus de control externo y el patrón A con respecto a determinadas características del síndrome del "estar quemado". No sucede lo mismo con la dimensión de extroversión ni con la variable rigidez, ninguna de ellas presenta característica alguna con respecto al síndrome (AU)

Evaluación de la estrategia, atención integrada a las enfermedades prevalentes de la infancia, AIEPI, en servicios de salud, Bolivia 1999 / Evaluation of the strategy, integrated management of childhood illines, IMCI, in health services, Bolivia 1999

La implementación de la estrategia AIEPI en Bolivia, se inicio a fines del año 1996; en este proceso se capacitó y realizó visitas de seguimiento a personal de salud de tres distritos considerados como iniciales. El presente artículo presenta los resultados de la aplicación de una metodología de evaluación del impacto de la capacitación y seguimiento de AIEPI, recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la cual se constituye en la primera prueba mundial. Los objetivos de la primera prueba mundial de la evaluación AIEPI fueron: conocer la calidad de atención al niño menor de cinco años, disponibilidad de medicamentos y equipamiento para la atención integral en servicios de salud de primer nivel de tres distritos; identificar las barreras que impiden la integridad de la atención; validar la metodología propuesta por la OMS. La evaluación fue realizada en abril de 1999 en los distritos rurales Altiplano Valle Sur en La Paz, Valles Cruceños y Chuquitania Centro en Santa Cruz. Consistió en la visita de equipos de evaluadores para observar el manejo de casos, realizar una entrevista de salida a la madre, re-examinar al niño y revisar el equipamiento y provisión de medicamentos. Se incluyeron 36 servicios de salud seleccionados aleatoriamente, se observó a 54 trabajadores de salud que atendieron 102 niños. Los resultados mostraron que las habilidades clínicas han mejorado ostensiblemente, en comparación con la línea de base del año 1997. Hubo una reducción en el uso innecesario de antibióticos. Las debilidades estuvieron relacionadas con la identificación y conducta hacia la clasificación de anemia y con aspectos de consejería a la madre. Se identificaron problemas con la disponibilidad de medicamentos y la vacunación en servicios. Luego del análisis de la información recolectada se efectuaron talleres de devolución de la información a los niveles operativos, los cuales consiguieron que el personal de salud plantee recomendaciones orientadas a mejorar la aplicación de AIEPI en sus servicios. Finalmente se realizaron recomendaciones sobre la metodología de evaluación

In vivo anti-hypertensive effect of Pterocarpus indicus aqueous leaf extract in male cats

This study aimed to investigate the anti-hypertensive potential of crude leaf extracts of Pterocarpus indicus (Narra). Hypertension was induced using Epinephrine HCI, 15-20 ug/kg body weight IV in 6 male cats, followed by an administration of Narra leaf extracts with a concentration of 0.25 g/kg BW IV at the peak of the epinephrines hypertensive effect. To test for the possible dose-response effect, the procedure was repeated using 0.5 and 1 g/kg BW IV Narra extracts. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures, pulse pressure, respiratory rate (SBP, OBP, MABP, PP and RR, respectively), respiratory and ECG (Q-R interval) amplitude, and the time for the Narra extract to effect were monitored using GrassO polygraph. Analysis of the data using General Linear Model (GLM) Repeated Measures showed that crude Narra leaf extracts at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg BW significantly lowered an epinephrine-induced rise in SBP (p=0.001), MABP (p=0.001), PP (p=0.0001) and ECG (Q-R interval) amplitude (p=0.05). However, there was no observed effect on the DBP (p=0.698), HR (p=0.9), RR (p=0.846) and respiratory amplitude (p=0.762). Moreover, no dose-response relationship was observed among the 3 doses of the narra extract on all physiologic parameters mentioned. Also, none of the doses was able to return the MABP to baseline (p=0.053). The observed decline in the SBP may have probably been due to the resultant decrease in the amplitude or force of contraction of the heart. Concomitantly, this may cause a decrease in the anti-hypertensive effect. (Author)

The development and implementation of a quality assurance Master Audit Plan.

As a quality assurance (QA) department for a clinical research organization, QA conducts audit activities for clinical trials managed by our organization and acts as an independent QA group for several other companies. A quality assurance/regulatory compliance Master Audit Plan is developed for each study or each audit if the audit is an independent task. The Master Audit Plan designed for a specific clinical study consists of a combination of several QA activities designed to ensure quality and regulatory compliance, to define timelines, and to identify personnel. These activities may include the review of the regulatory documents for each investigative site prior to the shipping of test article (test article release), review of informed consent, review of internal sponsor study files, and clinical site audits. Results of audit activities conducted under the Master Audit Plan for several clinical studies have been compiled for three of the major QA tasks. These include test article release, informed consent review, and site audits. A review of regulatory document files for test article release indicated that 13% required additional documents or correction of submitted documents. A review of informed consents found that 32% required revision. Site audit activities indicated that the clinical sites were, in general, adhering to Federal regulations and GCP guidelines. Observations noted at sites tended to fall into the categories of test article accountability issues, regulatory document additions or revisions, and quality control issues.

Lípidos y lipoproteínas de ayuno y postprandiales durante la administración crónica de fármacos antihipertensivos / Fasting and post-prandial lipids and lipoproteins during chronic administration of antihypertensive drugs

Con el objeto de evaluar el efecto de diversos fármacos antihpertensivos sobre los lípidos de ayuno y la lipemia postprandial, se estudiaron 39 pacientes hipertensos normolipidémicos: 28 hombres y 11 mujeres con edades de 52.3 ñ 9.0 y 58.5 ñ 7.1 años, respectivamente. Después de 4 semanas de administración de placebo se midieron los lípidos de ayuno y se administró una carga de grasa estandarizada, que proporcionó 65 g/m² de superficie corporal, y se cuantificaron los lípidos y lipoproteínas postprandiales cada 3 horas durante 9 horas. A continuación, en forma aleatoria, los pacientes fueron asignados uno de 4 grupos de tratamiento activo: Grupo I (n=10) metoprolol, 100 mg/día; Grupo II (n=9) nicardipina, 90 mg/día; Grupo III (n=11) captopril, 75 mg/día; Grupo IV (n=9) clortalidona, 25 mg/día. Cuatro semanas más tarde se repitieron las cuantificaciones de lípidos y lipoproteínas de ayuno y postplandiales. Los valores de tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica descendieron significativamente en los cuatro grupos estudiados (p<0.05). Las concentraciones de lípidos y lipoproteínas en el ayuno y durante el postprandio no tuvieron cambios significativos. Sin embargo, la lipemia postprandial fue ligeramente menor en tres de los cuatro grupos estudiados (metoprolol, nicardipina y captopril), y no se modificó en los pacientes tratados con clortalidona. Estos resultados confirman que en pacientes hipertensos normolipidémicos la administración de estos fármacos antihipertensivos a dosis bajas, no produce efectos desfavorables en los lípidos de ayuno, y señalan por primera vez, que tampoco afectan la lipemia postprandial.

Single blind study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of naproxen gel compared with diclophenac emulgel in the treatment of soft tissue injuries.

Sixty four adult patients of both genders with injuries such as contusions and sprains were studied. Of these, 34 were treated with 10% naproxen gel and 30 with 1% dichlophenaco gel topically given for 4 days. Various pain modalities, edema and functional alterations of areas involved were studied. Naproxen reduced spontaneous pain slightly better than dichlophenaco. Both drugs resulted in significant reduction of other pain modalities, edema and functional alterations (p < 0.001). A lower percentage (29%) of naproxen patients used paracetamol as additional pain reliever compared to dichlophenaco patients (36%). Local adverse events were minimum for both groups.