ABSTRACT
We present a case of a 54-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a KRAS positive adenocarcinoma of the lung on the basis of a Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), which was unknown before. PJS is a rare hereditary disease, which may be associated with the development of poor outcome adenocarcinomas and LKB1-gene mutations. A very rare type of a LKB1 mutation was found, not previously described in lung cancer. Although seldom screened for LKB-1 mutations are found in up to 30% of lung adenocarcinomas and may be druggable therapeutic targets, in particular in KRAS mutant tumours in the near future as recent preclinical results with nucleotides demonstrate.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/complications , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome/complications , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics , ras Proteins/genetics , AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Hyperpigmentation , Lip/pathology , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Lung/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Hyponatremia is frequently observed on the basis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion (SIADH) in patients suffering from lung cancer. This electrolyte imbalance is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. If hyponatremia influences survival of lung cancer remains controversial. In the current study we retrospectively analysed if survival is directly impacted by hyponatremia and evaluated if hyponatremia is a prognostic marker for lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality , Carcinoma, Small Cell/mortality , Hyponatremia/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Adult , Aged , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/blood , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Carcinoma, Small Cell/blood , Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology , Female , Humans , Hyponatremia/blood , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/blood , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/blood , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Sodium/blood , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Over the last years, several new systemic cancer therapy strategies have been introduced to turn the growing insights of molecular aberrations involved in the development and progression of lung cancer into better treatment options fort the patients. This review presents some of the most important biological targets and biomarkers relevant in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Especially EGFR mutations, anti-angiogenesis, multi kinase inhibition, vascular disrupting agents, vaccines, m-TOR inhibitors, TRAIL inhibition and several biomarkers are highlighted including current study results.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Humans , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
The treatment and medical care of patients with lung cancer is mostly characterised and complicated by a reduced life expectancy. The lack of time can easily be the cause for various problems concerning the handling of these patients, their relatives and medical staff. A concept for opening future perspectives through standardised steps of communication could lead to a more cautious and humane relationship between physician and patient. In the case of successful realisation of this strategy, a significant enhancement of quality of life for the patient and relatives and practicability of work for the physician can be expected.
