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1.
Metas enferm ; 26(2): 49-57, Mar. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-216555

ABSTRACT

La propuesta que se presenta es fruto, por un lado, de los resultados del proyecto “IPACAT22: Consenso sobre los aspectos clave del modelo de la práctica avanzada en Cataluña”, realizado con la participación de 24 enfermeras representantes de asociaciones científicas enfermeras o multidisciplinares de Cataluña. Por otro lado, es también fruto del apasionante, relevante y a veces difícil debate entre los miembros del equipo con diferentes trayectorias profesionales y distintos puntos de vista que enriquecen el objetivo común. Es oportuno presentar los resultados del debate, basados en el rigor, y los resultados de los proyectos de investigación por la mejora y el avance de la enfermera de práctica avanzada. Este debate también desempeña un rol importante en el entorno profesional para ejercer un liderazgo efectivo en las organizaciones y en el sistema de salud. Estamos convencidas de que este documento puede ser un punto de partida para configurar el modelo de la enfermera de práctica avanzada en nuestro contexto.(AU)


The proposal presented is the result, on one hand, of the outcomes of the Project “IPACAT22: Consensus on the key aspects of the model for advanced practice in Catalonia”, prepared with the participation of 24 nurses representing multidisciplinary or nursing scientific associations of Catalonia. On the other hand, it is also the result of the exciting, relevant, and sometimes difficult discussion among the team members with different professional careers and point of views which enhance the common objective. It is appropriate to present the outcomes of this discussion, based on rigour and results of the research projects for the improvement and progress of advanced practice nurses. This discussion also represents a major role in the professional setting, to conduct an effective leadership in organizations and the health system. We are convinced that this document can be a starting point to set up the model for the advanced practice nurse in our setting.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Advanced Practice Nursing/education , Advanced Practice Nursing/methods , Advanced Practice Nursing/trends , Specialties, Nursing , Health Policy , Professional Autonomy , Professional Practice , Nursing , Spain
3.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 37(2): e3746, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing, CUMED | ID: biblio-1347420

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Uno de cada siete pacientes hospitalizados experimenta un evento adverso relacionado con la administración de medicación. Los errores de medicación son una de las causas más importantes de mortalidad y morbilidad prevenible. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de una intervención formativa sobre la población de enfermeras de turno de noche de un hospital de agudos para mejorar el cumplimiento del protocolo de administración segura de medicación. Métodos: Ensayo experimental, pre-post intervención formativa, realizado en Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, durante 2015-2016. Población: 268 enfermeras en dos turnos de noche, muestra: 177 participantes (88 Grupo Control y 89 Grupo Experimental). La intervención consistió en sesiones informativas y acceso a Procedimiento escrito. El instrumento de medida fue el Procedimiento Normalizado de Trabajo de la institución mediante check-list de cumplimiento. Se realzó estudio uni-bivariable, mediante Chi2 y test de Fisher con significancia para p < 0,05. Resultados: Se realizaron 219 observaciones en Grupo Control y 207 en Grupo Experimental. De 17 variables analizadas, solo tres mostraron diferencias significativas: en Grupo Experimental mejoró el conocimiento del Procedimiento; se incrementó el uso del agua y jabón sobre la solución hidroalcohólica; y empeoró la identificación normalizada de fármacos pendientes de administrar. Ninguna de las 14 variables restantes mostró diferencias significativas. De 426 observaciones, solo se produjeron 3 errores de medicación en Grupo control, subsanados antes de su administración, y 0 en Grupo Experimental. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones formativas clásicas con receptores pasivos pueden no ser eficaces para mejorar la práctica enfermera en administración segura de medicación(AU)


Introduction: One in seven hospitalized patients experiences an adverse event related to administration of medication. Medication errors are one of the most important causes of preventable mortality and morbidity. Objective: To assess the efficacy of a training intervention with the population of night shift nurses in an acute care hospital, in order to improve compliance with the protocol for the safe administration of medication. Methods: Experimental trial, pre-post training intervention, carried out at Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, during 2015-2016. The population consisted of 268 nurses in two night shifts. The sample consisted of 177 participants (88 from the control group and 89 from the experimental group). The intervention consisted in information sessions and access to a written procedure. The measurement instrument was the Institution's Standard Work Procedure by means of a compliance check-list. Uni-bivariate study was performed, using chi-square and Fisher's test with a significance of P < 0.05. Results: 219 observations were carried out in the control group and 207, in the experimental group. Of seventeen variables analyzed, only three showed significant differences: in the experimental group, knowledge of the procedure improved, increase in the use of soap and water over hydroalcoholic solution, and worsening of standardized identification of drugs pending from being administered. None of the fourteen remaining variables showed significant differences. Of 426 observations, only three medication errors occurred in the control group, corrected before its administration, and zero occurred in the experimental group. Conclusions: Classic training interventions with passive receptors may not be effective to improve nursing practice in safe administration of medication(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/etiology , Education, Nursing/methods , Shift Work Schedule/adverse effects , Medication Errors/adverse effects , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Hydroalcoholic Solution
4.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 36(2): e3263, abr.-jul.2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1280258

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Para garantizar los cuidados 24h en instituciones hospitalarias es esencial la existencia de Equipos de Enfermería cuya actividad se desarrolle en horario nocturno. Existen factores organizativos que provocan, entre los equipos nocturnos, la percepción de menos oportunidades de desarrollo profesional y menos atención institucional. Esto puede repercutir en la calidad de los cuidados e incluso en la salud de los profesionales. Las enfermeras líderes tienen la responsabilidad de crear y mantener un entorno laboral con influencia positiva. Objetivo: Evaluar un proyecto de gestión de enfermería mediante el impacto sobre la percepción del entorno laboral en el turno de noche. Métodos: Estudio casi-experimental pre-post, con intervención sobre la población. De una población de enfermeras del turno de noche n = 268 se obtuvo muestra n = 159. Se utilizó el instrumento "Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index", que permite evaluar y comparar factores del entorno de la práctica de enfermería. Se realizaron estadísticos univariables de tendencia central y dispersión, y estadísticos de contraste con significancia p < 0,05. Resultados: En el 41,94 por ciento de las cuestiones obtuvieron diferencias significativas, destacando el Factor 3 "Habilidad, liderazgo y apoyo a las enfermeras por parte de sus responsables". El valor medio global obtenido en la prueba PRE fue de 2,37 (IC95 por ciento 2,22 2,52) y la media global para el valor POST fue 2,49 (IC95 por ciento 2,34 2,95), con p = 0,0254. Conclusiones: La evaluación de un proyecto de gestión de enfermería mediante el impacto sobre la percepción del entorno laboral en turno de noche muestra mejoras con diferencias significativas(AU)


Introduction: To guarantee 24 hours of care in hospital institutions, the existence of nursing teams is essential whose activity is carried out at night. There are organizational factors that provoke, among night teams, the perception of fewer opportunities for professional development and less institutional attention. This can have an impact on the quality of care and even on the health of professionals. Leader nurses are responsible for creating and maintaining a positively influencing work environment. Objective: To evaluate a nursing management project through the impact on the perception about the work environment on the night shift. Methods: Pre-post quasi-experimental study carried out with intervention on the population. From a population of night-shift nurses (n=268), we obtained a sample of 268. The instrument "Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index" was used, which allows evaluating and comparing factors from the nursing practice setting. Univariate statistics of central tendency and dispersion were determined, as well as contrast statistics with significance p < 0.05. Results: In 41.94 percent of the questions, significant differences were obtained, highlighting factor 3 (nurses' skill, leadership and support by their heads). The global mean value obtained in the PRE test was 2.37 (95 percent CI, 2.22-2.52) and the global mean for the POST value was 2.49 (95 percent CI, 2.34-2.95), with p=0.0254. Conclusions: A nursing management project's evaluation through the impact on the perception about the work environment in the night shift shows improvements with significant differences(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , /methods , Shift Work Schedule/adverse effects , Nursing Care/methods , Quality of Health Care
5.
Metas enferm ; 22(7): 5-14, sept. 2019. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-184096

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: identificar las reacciones de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes con demencia en el cuidado que realizan en el ámbito domiciliario frente al cuidado efectuado en el ámbito de institucionalización de larga estancia; y estudiar la evolución en tres meses. Método: estudio analítico observacional de cohorte prospectivo en pacientes con demencia y sus cuidadores familiares (n= 287) que viven en su domicilio (PDD) o en centros de larga estancia, (PDI) que respondieron al cuestionario validado Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA). Tratamiento estadístico: prueba t para muestras repetidas, prueba t para muestras independientes y prueba de signos de Wilcoxon. Este estudio forma parte del proyecto europeo RightTimePlaceCare (RTPC). Resultados: se incluyeron 241 cuidadores familiares de PDD (n= 155) y de PDI (n= 86). En las subescalas de CRA en basal, en el grupo PDD tenían menos apoyo por parte de las familias (11 vs. 13; p= 0,006), mayores interferencias en las actividades de la vida diaria por el hecho de cuidar (16 vs. 18; p= 0,020), y consideraban una menor influencia de cuidar en sus finanzas comparado con el grupo PDI (10 vs. 7; p< 0,001). En el grupo PDD hubo una ligera mejora en las interferencias de las AVD (18 basal vs. 17 seguimiento; p= 0,041). Conclusión: en las reacciones de quienes cuidan de pacientes con demencia, el impacto más acentuado se produce en las interferencias de la vida diaria de los cuidadores domiciliarios y a los tres meses de seguimiento hay una mejora en esta dimensión. Además, cuando el paciente con demencia está institucionalizado el cuidador tiene mayor apoyo familiar. Estos resultados dan claves para que profesionales sanitarios enfoquen los cuidados dirigidos a la salud física


Objective: to identify the reactions of family caregivers for patients with dementia regarding their care in the home setting vs. care conducted in the long-term institutionalized setting; and to study their evolution at 3 months. Method: a prospective analytical observational cohort study in patients with dementia and their family caregivers (n= 287) who live at home (PDD) or in long-stay centers (PDI), and who answered the validated questionnaire Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA). Statistical treatment: t test for paired samples, t test for independent samples, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. This study is part of the European project RightTimePlaceCare (RTPC). Results: the study included 241 family caregivers of PDD (n= 155) and PDI (n= 86). In the CRA sub-scales at baseline, those in the PDD arm had less support by their families (11 vs. 13; p= 0.006), higher interference in daily life activities (DLA) due to their caregiving (16 vs. 18; p= 0.020), and they considered there was a lower impact of care on their economy vs. the PDI arm (10 vs. 7; p< 0.001). There was a slight improvement in the PDD arm regarding DLA interferences (18 at baseline vs. 17 at follow-up; p= 0.041). Conclusion: in terms of the reactions of those who care for dementia patients, the highest impact occurs in daily life interferences for home caregivers, and at 3 months of follow-up there is an improvement in this dimension. Moreover, when the patient with dementia becomes institutionalized, there is higher family support for the caregiver. These results provide the keys for healthcare professionals to focus their care on the physical, psychological and social health of caregivers


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Caregivers , Dementia/nursing , House Calls , Family Relations/psychology , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , Dementia/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Mental Health , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
7.
Metas enferm ; 20(8): 11-16, oct. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-168097

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir las características de los pacientes con demencias y la calidad del cuidado (CDC) recibida tanto en aquellos sujetos que vivían en casa como en los que estaban institucionalizados, y evaluar las diferencias entre ambos entornos. Método: se realizó un estudio transversal analítico en el cual se incluyeron pacientes con demencia que vivían en casa o estaban institucionalizados. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y relacionados con la demencia. La CDC se analizó mediante el cuestionario CLINT y se identificaron otras variables indicativas de la misma. Las variables recopiladas se compararon en función de los dos entornos de convivencia. Resultados: se incluyeron 287 pacientes con demencia. El 39,4% institucionalizados y el 60,6% vivía en el domicilio. Los sujetos presentaban una media de edad (desviación típica) de 83,2 (7,1) años. El principal tipo de demencia fue el alzhéimer, que representaba el 71%. Los pacientes institucionalizados presentaban peor estado cognitivo (12,2 frente a 16,1; p= 0,001) y funcional (1,1 frente a 3,1; p= 0,001) que los pacientes con demencia que vivían en el domicilio familiar. La CDC fue similar en ambos grupos, pero los sujetos institucionalizados presentaban mayor porcentaje de úlceras y caídas, más medidas de contención y mayor soporte del sistema sanitario, en general. Conclusiones: el cuidado de la demencia es complejo y la calidad del cuidado de estos pacientes sigue siendo baja tanto en el ámbito de las medidas físicas generales como las basadas en el soporte del sistema sanitario, tanto a enfermos como cuidadores informales (AU)


Objective: to describe the characteristics of patients with dementia and the quality of care (QoC) received by patients living at home and by those institutionalized, and to evaluate the differences between both settings. Methods: an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, including patients with dementia living at home or institutionalized. Sociodemographical and clinical data were collected, as well as data associated with dementia. QoC was analyzed through the CLINT questionnaire, and other variables of reference were identified. There was a comparison of the variables collected, based on the two living settings. Results: the study included 287 patients with dementia: 39.4% were institutionalized and 60.6% lived at home. The subjects were 83.2-year-old (7.1) as mean age (standard deviation). The main type of dementia was Alzheimer, representing 71% of cases. Institutionalized patients presented worse cognitive (12.2 vs. 16.1; p= 0.001) and functional status (1.1 vs. 3.1; p= 0.001) than patients with dementia living in the family home. QoC was similar in both groups, but institutionalized subjects presented in general a higher proportion of ulcers and falls, more containment measures, and higher support by the healthcare system. Conclusions: care for dementia is complex, and the quality of care for these patients is still low, both in the setting of general physical measures and regarding the support by the healthcare system for nurses and casual caregivers (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Dementia/nursing , Psychiatric Nursing/organization & administration , Nursing Care/methods , Quality of Health Care/organization & administration , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , 28599 , Quality Indicators, Health Care/organization & administration , Health Systems/organization & administration
8.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs ; 33: 12-20, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26796289

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the level of exposure of nurses to ethical conflict and determine the relationship between this exposure, sociodemographic variables and perceptions of the clinical environment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective and descriptive correlational study conducted at 10 intensive care units in two tertiary hospitals affiliated to the University of Barcelona. Sociodemographic and professional data were recorded from a questionnaire and then the previously validated Ethical Conflict in Nursing Questionnaire-Critical Care Version was administered to obtain data regarding experiences of ethical conflict. RESULTS: Two hundred and three nurses (68.6%) participated in the study, of whom only 11.8% had training in bioethics. Exposure to ethical conflict was moderate with a x¯=182.35 (SD=71.304; [0-389]). The realisation that analgesia is ineffective and the administration of treatment without having participated in the decision-making process were the most frequently reported ethical conflicts. Professionals who perceived their environment as supportive for dealing with ethical conflicts reported lower levels of these events (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ethical conflict is an internal problem but it is strongly influenced by certain variables and environmental conditions. The involvement of nurses in the decision-making processes regarding the care of critically ill patients emerges as a factor that protects against ethical conflicts.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Critical Care Nursing/ethics , Intensive Care Units/ethics , Adult , Decision Making , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tertiary Care Centers , Young Adult
9.
J Transcult Nurs ; 26(2): 178-84, 2015 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25480270

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the perception of care of the elderly in long-term centers. DESIGN: Qualitative study through participant observation and 23 in-depth interviews with administrators, caregivers, and residents between January 2011 and January 2012 in nine long-term care centers in Uruguay. From analysis, three care-perception factors emerged: (a) meaning of care, (b) experience of care, and (c) care continuity. CONCLUSION: Care of the elderly in nursing homes is perceived as a duty. There is an exchange of feelings and recognition of the caregiver is needed. However, the need for technical or specialized training is not mentioned. Recognition of the task of care provision, duty as a moral determinant, the exchange of affection and solidarity between staff and the elderly allows care continuity despite the centers' lack of resources. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study contributes information that may help improve the care conditions of elderly institutionalized people.


Subject(s)
Long-Term Care/methods , Nursing Homes/standards , Aged , Caregivers/standards , Female , Humans , Long-Term Care/standards , Male , Nursing Staff/standards , Perception , Qualitative Research , Uruguay
10.
Qual Life Res ; 23(10): 2681-91, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24859160

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Normative ethics includes ethical behaviour health care professionals should uphold in daily practice. This study assessed the degree to which primary health care (PHC) professionals endorse a set of ethical standards from these norms. METHODS: Health care professionals from an urban area participated in a cross-sectional study. Data were collected using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. We examined the level of ethical endorsement of the items and the ethical performance of health care professionals using a Rasch multidimensional model. We analysed differences in ethical performance between groups according to sex, profession and knowledge of ethical norms. RESULTS: A total of 452 Professionals from 56 PHC centres participated. The level of ethical performance was lower in items related to patient autonomy and respecting patient choices. The item estimate across all dimensions showed that professionals found it most difficult to endorse avoiding interruptions when seeing patients. We found significant differences in two groups: nurses had greater ethical performance than family physicians (p < 0.05), and professionals who reported having effective knowledge of ethical norms had a higher level of ethical performance (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Paternalistic behaviour persists in PHC. Lesser endorsement of items suggests that patient-centred care and patient autonomy are not fully considered by professionals. Ethical sensitivity could improve if patients are cared for by multidisciplinary teams.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Ethics, Clinical , Health Personnel/ethics , Patient-Centered Care/ethics , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Quality of Life , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
11.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 43(3): 157-66, 2008.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18682133

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In our environment, care of the dependent elderly is usually provided by family members, thereby ensuring autonomy and avoiding institutionalization of the dependent adult. Thirty-three percent of Spanish caregivers have acknowledged the importance of acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary for daily care. Consequently, several interventions have been developed by health professionals from distinct disciplines. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review and evaluate the efficacy of published interventions for the caregivers of dependent elderly individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the literature on interventions in the caregivers of the dependent elderly (older than 65 years old) published between 1996 and 2006. The inclusion criteria included controlled clinical trials with outcome measures related to effectiveness in reducing caregiver burden, anxiety and depression. Our search yielded 15 reports. RESULTS: The interventions produced statistically significant reductions in burden (40%), anxiety (50%) and depression (90%). Interventions requiring active participation by caregivers and those based on cognitive-behavioral therapy were more effective than those focused on knowledge acquisition. CONCLUSION: Due to the heterogeneity of caregiving interventions, evaluation of both the clinical and statistical significance of these interventions is essential. Reducing the chronic stress experienced by caregivers is difficult to achieve. Consequently, future experimental designs should take into account the needs reported by caregivers as well as promote active participation.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , Caregivers , Depression , Aged , Anxiety/therapy , Depression/therapy , Humans , Workload
12.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 43(3): 157-166, mayo 2008.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-74802

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el cuidado de un anciano dependiente en nuestroentorno social es asumido por los miembros de su familia o cuidadoresprincipales (CP); ellos son los responsables de mantenerla autonomía del anciano y de su permanencia en el entorno familiar.El 33% de los CP españoles manifiestan la importancia deadquirir conocimientos y habilidades para el cuidado, por lo queprofesionales de la salud de distintas disciplinas han diseñadodiferentes programas de intervención.Objetivo: el propósito de este estudio fue realizar una revisiónsistemática sobre la eficacia de las intervenciones dirigidas a CPde ancianos dependientes.Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literaturacientífica publicada sobre intervenciones dirigidas a CPde personas mayores de 65 años dependientes, realizadas de1996 a 2006. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: artículos primarioscon selección aleatoria grupo experimental/grupo control y queanalizaran la eficacia de la intervención sobre la sobrecarga, laansiedad o la depresión. La muestra final la compusieron 15 estudiosque cumplían los criterios de inclusión.Resultados: las intervenciones mostraron resultados estadísticamentesignificativos sobre la sobrecarga (40%), la ansiedad(50%) y la depresión (90%).Las intervenciones con participación activa de los CP y basadasen terapia cognitivo conductual fueron más eficaces que aquellascuyo contenido se centró exclusivamente en la adquisiciónde conocimientos.Conclusiones: la heterogeneidad de las intervenciones hacenimprescindible, en esta área de estudio, valorar la relevancia clínicade los resultados además de la significación estadística. Dadoque los efectos del cuidado son estresores crónicos difícilmentemodificables, en futuros estudios se debería planteardiseños experimentales, sin olvidar las necesidades expresadaspor los propios CP y promoviendo su participación activa(AU)


Background: in our environment, care of the dependent elderlyis usually provided by family members, thereby ensuring autonomyand avoiding institutionalization of the dependent adult.Thirty-three percent of Spanish caregivers have acknowledgedthe importance of acquiring the knowledge and skills necessaryfor daily care. Consequently, several interventions have been developedby health professionals from distinct disciplines.Objective: the purpose of this study was to systematically reviewand evaluate the efficacy of published interventions for the caregiversof dependent elderly individuals.Material and methods: we conducted a systematic review of theliterature on interventions in the caregivers of the dependent elderly(older than 65 years old) published between 1996 and 2006.The inclusion criteria included controlled clinical trials with outcomemeasures related to effectiveness in reducing caregiverburden, anxiety and depression. Our search yielded 15 reports.Results: the interventions produced statistically significant reductionsin burden (40%), anxiety (50%) and depression (90%).Interventions requiring active participation by caregivers andthose based on cognitive-behavioral therapy were more effectivethan those focused on knowledge acquisition. Conclusion: due to the heterogeneity of caregiving interventions,evaluation of both the clinical and statistical significance of theseinterventions is essential. Reducing the chronic stress experiencedby caregivers is difficult to achieve. Consequently, future experimentaldesigns should take into account the needs reportedby caregivers as well as promote active participation(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Caregivers/psychology , Frail Elderly , Workload/statistics & numerical data , Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology , Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
13.
Rev Enferm ; 30(7-8): 33-5, 37-8, 2007.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17926668

ABSTRACT

The authors carried out a systematic search in main data bases and a methodological content review by paired authors about selected publications. The authors reviewed and analyzed 332 articles about informal caretakers and they chose 182 which complied with their selection criteria. The profile for informal caretakers of persons aged over 65 in Spain is identified as well as the type of care he/she provides. It is worth highlighting the introduction of a new factor in caretaking for the elderly during recent years at a national Spanish level, and since the 1990s on an international level: paid non-professional immigrant caretakers. This phenomenon makes the different traits which ethnic minority caretakers have reflect on the dynamics and the results of this study.


Subject(s)
Caregivers , Patient Care/standards , Aged , Caregivers/psychology , Caregivers/statistics & numerical data , Demography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spain
14.
Metas enferm ; 8(9): 8-12, nov. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043934

ABSTRACT

Las nuevas políticas sanitarias de cuidado comunitario requiere nun enfoque innovador para potenciar la promoción de la salud. Esteartículo parte de la visión propuesta por la Organización Mundialde la Salud de “Salud para Todos”. Desde la conceptualización del empoderamiento, se propone la participación de la comunidada lo largo del proceso de promoción de la salud mediante la identificaciónde problemas e intervenciones válidas para cada grupo poblacional, siempre centrándose en sus necesidades


New healthcare policies on community care require an innovative approachto enhance health promotion. This article takes the view of the WHO proposal on “Health for Every One”. From the conceptualisation of empowerment, the participation of thecommunity throughout the process of health promotion is proposedby identifying the problems and valid interventions for each populationgroup that are logically based on the needs of each group


Subject(s)
Humans , Community Health Nursing/trends , Health Promotion/trends , Primary Health Care/trends , Community Participation/trends , World Health Organization , Problem Solving , Health Education/trends , Social Planning/trends , Health Services Needs and Demand/trends
15.
Metas enferm ; 8(5): 16-22, jun. 2005. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039704

ABSTRACT

El envejecimiento de la población es un hecho común en la mayoría de los paísesdesarrollados. El hecho de que a partir del año 2005 el crecimiento de lapoblación española anual sea negativo, pone en evidencia la importancia degarantizar la salud de la población anciana. Se prevé que en el año 2015 el 18,5%de la población catalana serán personas mayores de 65 años, por lo que losconocidos problemas derivados del envejecer deben ser tenidos en cuenta a lahora de establecer los requerimientos nutricionales de estas personas. Asumir loscambios biológicos derivados del envejecimiento significa adecuar lasnecesidades a la respuesta del organismo ante las diferentes situaciones. Ladisminución del metabolismo y una inadecuada nutrición pueden desencadenarproblemas graves de salud que comprometan la calidad de vida de las personasmayores. Los programas nutricionales dirigidos a este grupo poblacional deberántener en cuenta estos cambios y adaptarlos a las necesidades nutricionalesindividuales de cada individuo


The ageing of the population is an inevitable occurrence in all countries.The fact that after 2005 the growth of the Spanish population will benegative demonstrates the importance of ensuring a good quality of life ofthe elderly population. It is foreseen that by 2015, 18,5% of the Catalanpopulation will be over the age of 65, hence the well-known problemsassociated with ageing should be taken into account when establishingthe nutritional requirements of these people. To assume the biologicalchanges derived from ageing means to adapt the needs to the response ofthe body when confronted with the different situations. A decreasedmetabolism and inadequate nutrition can trigger serious health problemsthat compromise the quality of life of the aged. Nutritional programsaimed at this population group must take into account these changes sothat they may be adapted to the nutritional needs of each individual


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Aging , Quality of Life , Nutrition Programs , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Life Expectancy/trends , Population Dynamics , Food and Nutrition Education
16.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 15(1): 17-24, ene. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036217

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Revisar y evaluar sistemáticamente las diferentes intervenciones de enfermería en grupos de apoyo al paciente oncológico. Método. Revisión sistemática para evaluar la eficacia de las intervenciones de enfermería. Resultados. El apoyo grupal demostró mejorías significativas en las variables de estado emocional (depresión y ansiedad), adaptación a la enfermedad, calidad de vida y relaciones de pareja. Conclusiones. Los grupos de apoyo a los pacientes oncológicos mejoran la adaptación a la enfermedad y su calidad de vida. La mayor parte de las publicaciones sobre grupos de apoyo están realizadas por investigadores norteamericanos, mientras que los pacientes españoles podrían verse beneficiados de estas intervenciones de enfermería


Objective. To systematically review and evaluate the various nursing interventions in support groups for oncological patients. Method. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions. Results. Group support significantly improved the variables of emotional state (depression and anxiety), adaptation to cancer, quality of life and relationships with partners. Conclusions. Support groups for oncological patients improve patients' adaptation to their disease and quality of life. Most publications on these groups have been performed by North-American researchers. Patients in Spain can also benefit from these nursing interventions


Subject(s)
Humans , Self-Help Groups , Quality of Life , Neoplasms
17.
Index enferm ; 13(47): 31-34, oct.-dic. 2004.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-126503

ABSTRACT

Las enfermeras oncológicas tienen que afrontar los retos del cuidado oncológico dentro de una expectativa de calidad asistencial. La investigación de enfermería oncológica es necesaria para dar respuesta a problemas actuales o potenciales de los pacientes con cáncer. Además, el cuidado profesional de las enfermeras requiere la integración de la investigación como actividad fundamental, bien participando en proyectos de investigación o bien utilizando los resultados de la evidencia empírica en la práctica asistencial. Este trabajo presenta la estrategia para potenciar la investigación de enfermería centrándose en cuatro aspectos: Obtención de más financiación, aumento de la productividad científica, mejora de la diseminación de los resultados y potenciación del consumo de los resultados publicados por las enfermeras asistenciales (AU)


Oncology nurses have to COPE with the demands of the cancer within a reference framework of quality care. Oncology nursing research is needed to respond to actual or potential cancer patient problems. Besides, professional nursing care requires research as a fundamental activity. All nurses have to participate in research as generators of knowledge by participating in nursing research or as consumers of research results in focusing in four targeted aspects: Greater funding directed towards nursing research, increased production of clinical research, improved dissemination, enhanced consumption of research publications by clinicians (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Oncology Nursing/trends , Neoplasms/nursing , Clinical Nursing Research/trends , Selective Dissemination of Information , Research Financing
18.
Aquichan ; 3(1): 16-20, oct. 2003.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-499383

ABSTRACT

El desarrollo de las teorías de enfermería ha cambiado irreversiblemente el desarrollo de la ciencia de la enfermería. La teoría ha contribuido no solo a definir las competencias profesionales, sino también al desarrollo de su cuerpo de conocimientos, los cuales reflejan lo que es específico de la profesión: su enfoque en la persona, su comportamiento y el significado de sus experiencias, considerados de manera holística. Por lo tanto, las transacciones biopsicosocioculturales y espirituales del ser humano son centrales a la disciplina de la enfermería.Este trabajo presenta una visión de la enfermería que analiza los conceptos fundamentales de ser humano, salud-enfermedad, entorno y enfermería. El desarrollo teórico también ha ayudado al entendimiento y aceptación de la complejidad de la enfermería y la inevitabilidad de sus múltiples teorías. El pluralismo paradigmático del desarrollo de la disciplina refleja la diversidad de su enfoque, la persona, la diversidad de sus interacciones en la salud y en la enfermedad, y la diversidad de las intervenciones de enfermería.


Subject(s)
Nursing/classification , Nursing/instrumentation , Nursing/organization & administration , Nursing , Nurse's Role/history , Nurse's Role/psychology , Health
19.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 25(7/8): 552-556, jul. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26553

ABSTRACT

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar el concepto de afrontamiento, especialmente cómo los pacientes con cáncer lo aplican en su enfermedad. Para ello se revisa la evidencia empírica en pacientes que están recibiendo tratamiento para el cáncer. Se evalúan los usos, atributos, antecedentes y consecuencias del concepto de afrontamiento. Además, se presentan las diferentes definiciones conceptuales y operacionales del afrontamiento (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Rejection, Psychology , Attitude to Health , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Neoplasms/psychology , Attitude to Death , Incurable Patients
20.
Nurse Educ Today ; 22(4): 311-8, 2002 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12030752

ABSTRACT

The delivery of health care services is changing dramatically. Increasing longevity, shortening of hospital stays, scientific and technological advances and population mobility contribute to the growing complexity of nursing. Nursing education must keep pace with these changes, which require new knowledge, skills and attitudes. Nursing education in Spain is developing rapidly in accordance with the European Union growth and within the trend towards globalization. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of nursing education in Spain. A brief history of modern nursing education is presented, together with its recent reforms and a view of future developments. The Nursing Diploma program, as the only academic nursing qualification, is inappropriate to respond to the present social needs. In Spain, as in other European countries, nursing education requires increasing professionalism, which could be achieved by implementing baccalaureate, master and doctoral programs within the framework of the Bologna Declaration signed in 1999 by the European Union Ministers of Education.


Subject(s)
Education, Nursing/trends , Curriculum , Education, Nursing/standards , Education, Nursing, Graduate/trends , Spain
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