ABSTRACT
The process of biofilm formation is intricate and multifaceted, requiring the individual cells to secrete extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that subsequently aggregate and adhere to various surfaces. The issue of biofilms is a significant concern for public health due to the increased resistance of microorganisms associated with biofilms to antimicrobial agents. The current study describes the whole genome and corresponding functions of a biofilm inhibiting and eradicating actinobacteria isolate identified as Nocardiopsis lucentensis EMB25. The N. lucentensis EMB25 has 6.5 Mbp genome with 71.62% GC content. The genome analysis by BLAST Ring Image Generator (BRIG) revealed it to be closely related to Nocardiopsis dassonvillei NOCA502F. Interestingly, based on orthologous functional groups reflected by average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis, it was 81.48% similar to N. arvandica DSM4527. Also, it produces lanthipeptides and linear azole(in)e-containing peptides (LAPs) akin to N. arvandica. The secondary metabolite search revealed the presence of major gene clusters involved in terpene, ectoine, siderophores, Lanthipeptides, RiPP-like, and T1PKS biosynthesis. After 24 h of treatment, the cell-free extract effectively eradicates the pre-existing biofilm of P. aeruginosa PseA. Also, the isolated bacteria exhibited antibacterial activity against MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. Overall, this finding offers valuable insights into the identification of BGCs, which contain enzymes that play a role in the biosynthesis of natural products. Specifically, it sheds light on the functional aspects of these BGCs in relation to N. lucentensis.
Subject(s)
Actinobacteria , Bacillus , Biofilms , Actinobacteria/genetics , Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix , Whole Genome SequencingABSTRACT
L-malic acid (L-MA) is an industrially significant chemical with enormous potential. The fungal cell factories could be exploited to harvest it on large scales. In our study, Aspergillus wentii strain (MTCC 1901 T) was explored for L-MA production. Initially, the L-MA production was carried out using glucose with optimization of parameters influencing product accumulation (pH and CaCO3). The fermentation resulted in L-MA titer of 37.9 g/L with 0.39 g/g yield. Then, cassava peel waste (CPW) was used for L-MA production by separate hydrolysis and fermentation. Optimized acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in glucose release of 0.53 and 0.66 g/g CPW, respectively. The strain accumulated 20.9 g/L and 33.1 g/L L-MA with corresponding yields of 0.25 g/g and 0.34 g/g during batch cultivation using acid and enzyme hydrolysate, respectively. Finally, the produced L-MA was separated using an inexpensive solvent extraction method. Among various solvents used, n-butanol exhibited maximum L-MA extraction efficiency (31%).
Subject(s)
Manihot , Fermentation , Glucose , HydrolysisABSTRACT
In the recent scenario, anthropogenic interventions have alarmingly disrupted climatic conditions. The persistent change in the climate necessitates carbon neutrality. Efficient ways of carbon capture and sequestration could be employed for sustainable product generation. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ions, further utilized by cells for metabolic processes. Hence, utilizing CA from microbial sources for carbon sequestration and the corresponding delivery of bio-renewables could be the eco-friendly approach. Consequently, the microbial CA and amine-based carbon capture chemicals are synergistically applied to enhance carbon capture efficiency and eventual utilization. This review comprehends recent developments coupled with engineering techniques, especially in microbial CA, to create integrated systems for CO2 sequestration. It envisages developing sustainable approaches towards mitigating environmental CO2 from industries and fossil fuels to generate bio-renewables and other value-added chemicals.
