Spectral Investigations of 60S Bioactive Glass Modified with La and Y Ions.

The changes in the atomic structure and in the network of bonds between oxide tetrahedra in 60S bioactive glass upon modification of its structure by yttrium and lanthanum atoms were investigated via XPS, FTIR, and NMR spectroscopy methods. The presence of nanostructure in the samples of 60S bioactive glass modified with yttrium and lanthanum was demonstrated. The formation of a bioinert core of 60S bioactive glass nanoparticles with the subsequent formation of a biocompatible layer is facilitated by the redistribution of electron density when oxygen bridge bonds are broken, PO4 and SiO4 tetrahedra are fragmented in the polymer matrix, and isolated nanoclusters are formed. Given the fact that during the interaction with the extracellular matrix, the breakdown of covalent bonds -O-Si-O-P- is more energetically costly than the rapid ionic exchange of network modifiers Ca2+ (Y3+, La3+) and the leaching of isolated nanoclusters into the surrounding physiological environment, it is argued that modification of 60S bioactive glass with yttrium or lanthanum can accelerate bioactive ionic processes in the extracellular matrix.

[Free radical processes and antioxidant system in depression and treatment efficiency]. / Svobodnoradikal'nye protsessy i antioksidantnye sistemy pri depressii i éffektivnost' terapii.

Free radical processes and antioxidant systems activities were studied before and after treatment in blood and saliva of 23 depressive patients with ICD-10 diagnosis--6 with depressive episode and 17 with recurrent depression. Compared to control, blood plasma Fe(2+)-rodamine induced chemiluminescence, total peroxidase and catalase activities increased and blood plasma superoxide eliminational activity as well as superoxide dismutase activity in erythrocytes decreased in patients before treatment. At the same time, total peroxidase activity, superoxide eliminational activity and catalase activity were elevated in the patient's saliva. After antidepressant treatment, positive dynamics for many parameters studied was more pronounced in responders. Saliva was shown to be potential biological material for "oxidative stress" assessment and for treatment efficacy evaluation in depression.

[Intensity of free radical process and antioxidant enzymes activity in human saliva and plasma under emotional stress]. / Intensivnost' svobodnoradikal'nykh protsessov i aktivnost' antioksidantnykh frmentov v sliune i plazme krovi liudei pri émotsional'nom napriazhenii.

The intensity of free radical processes (FRP) and the activity of antioxidant (AO) systems in human blood plasma and saliva were studied under physiological emotional strain and depressive pathologies (before and after treatment). The significant alterations in the dynamics of investigative indexes under different emotional strain were revealed. These alterations in saliva were more intensive than in blood plasma. The treatment led to the stabilization of FRP intensity and the activity of AO protection. The correlation between saliva and blood plasma parametres allows to use saliva for the estimation of emotional strain and of the efficiency of therapeutics under depressive pathologies.

[The interstitial electrophoresis of antibiotics in treating peritonitis in children]. / Vnutritkanevoi élektroforez antibiotikov v lechenii peritonita u detei.

The method was successfully used in 32 children with diffuse and general peritonitis and it may be recommended for clinical practice. No complications resulting from using the method of interstitial electrophoresis were noted.

[Biosynthesis of biogenic pyrimidines in anxiety and depressive states of different etiologies]. / Biosintez éndogennykh pirimidinov pri trevozhnykh i depressivnykh sostoianiiakh razlichnoi étiologii.

Biosynthesis of endogenous pyrimidines was investigated in 37 patients with anxiety, anxious-depressive, depressive and hypochondriac syndromes emerging in schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis against a control group of healthy subjects (n-20) andopiate abusers (n-10). It was found that depressive and anxiety states in the examinees were associated with inhibition of endogenous pyrimidines synthesis likely to result in abnormal depression and anxiety levels.

[Clinical evaluation of the antidepressive agent noveril]. / Klinicheskoe izuchenie antidepressanta noverila.

Altogether 32 patients with different depressive states received noveril. The drug was administered in the doses of 180, 160, 240 and 320 mg in the first half of the day. Complete egress from the depressive state and considerable improvement were observed in 46% of the patients, slight improvement in 38% and no visible improvement was recorded in 16% of the patients. The data obtained enable the assessment of noveril as a primarily activation antidepressant with a rapid manifestation of therapeutic effect. The drug is indicated in classical depressions, adynamic subdepressions, obsessional depressions and cyclothymic subdepressions. The drugs are used in the doses about 160-240 mg. It was established that noveril should be used with caution in patients with arterial pressure fluctuations. In senesthopathic and hypochondriac conditions, noveril is either ineffective or leads to the patients' state deterioration.