[Dynamics of viral hepatitis A morbidity in Minsk].

The results of the analysis of hepatitis A morbidity during the period of 1996 - 2001, are presented. The cyclic character of this morbidity in its dynamics over the period of several years was noted with the maximum morbidity level reached in 2000. The monthly dynamics of hepatitis A morbidity reflected its seasonal character with the maximum increase in autumn and winter. The virological control of drinking water revealed its contamination in spring and summer, with no subsequent rise in morbidity. The control of sewage reflected the emergence of the virus in the city collector in accordance with the increased morbidity.

[Extensive lymph node excision in the surgical treatment of esophageal and gastric cancer]. / Rasshirennaia limfadenéktomiia v khirurgicheskom lechenii raka pishchevoda i zheludka.

Experience with 100 operations for carcinoma of the esophagus and stomach with expanded lymphadenectomy is analysed. The operative techniques are described and the necessity and expediency of expanded lymphadenectomy, the method of its performance, classification of the group of lymph nodes which must be removed are discussed. The postoperative mortality was 2%, complications in the postoperative period 25%. Metastases in the lymph nodes were confirmed histologically in 69% of cases. It is concluded that expanded lymphadenectomy is a necessary measure in surgical intervention in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and stomach and improves the results of management of this group of patients.

[Combined gastrectomy with extensive lymph node excision in the surgical treatment of cancer of the stomach]. / Kombinirovannaia gastréktomiia s rasshirennoi limfadenéktomiei v khirurgicheskom lechenii raka zheludka.

The authors discuss experience in combined gastrectomy in 206 patients with gastric carcinoma. They encountered 72 various postoperative complications which were not fatal. Fourteen patients died, which made up a total postoperative mortality of 6.8%. The most frequent and threatening complication was incompetence of the esophago-intestinal++ anastomosis, which occurred in 17 cases (8.3%) and was the cause of death of 6 patients (42.9%). The incidence of purulent and pleuropulmonary complications was 19.9 and 3.4%, respectively. Extensive lymphadenectomy was performed in combined gastrectomy in 40 cases, which accounted for 42.6% of all combined interventions. The incidence of complication was lowest in this group of patients (15%), and there were only 2 fatal outcomes (5%). The authors believe that total gastrectomy with omentectomy, splenectomy, resection of the lower esophagus, and extensive lymphadenectomy is the method of choice in surgical treatment of gastric carcinoma.

[The hematotoxic and nephrotoxic actions of dispirotripiperazine derivatives in a chronic experiment]. / Gematotoksicheskoe i neirotoksicheskoe deistvie proizvodnykh dispirotripiperaziniia v khronicheskom éksperimente.

The effects of dispirotripiperazine derivatives spirobromin and prospidin on the parameters of the peripheral blood and behavioral reactions in a chronic 12-month experiment were studied. The experiment was performed on noninbred rats of both sexes. The maximal tolerated doses of the drugs were administered by two routes (intragastrically or intraperitoneally). Hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, reticulocytes, eosinophils were determined in the blood. The behavioral reactions were registered by the methods of the "open field" and the "open area". Under the conditions of the chronic experiment spirobromin and prospidin were shown to exert no significant effect on the parameters of the peripheral blood except a decrease in the amount of erythrocytes. It was noted that spirobromin exerted the most pronounced toxic action on erythrocytes. As to the behavioral reactions, after the administration of prospidin, the neurotoxic action on the rats was found after 12-14 months of observation.