[Elimination on Power Line Interference from ECG Signal Using Combined Double-sided Narrow-band Notch Filter].

The aim of current research was to find negative effects caused by eliminating power line interference in ECG signal with narrow-band recursive notch filter and to search for a filtering method that will solve a problem of signal distortion. During the study the method of ECG filtering with narrow-band recursive filter was described. The main negative attribute of this filter is a transient noise, also called "ringing" effect, as the reaction to a single impulse visible as R spikes on the ECG signals. It was discovered, that "ringing" effect appears after the impulse during forward filtering and before the impulse during backward filtering. Based on this effect we proposed a method the main idea of which was to build the finite signal with regions without transients.

[Evaluation of different methods of hemostasis when performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy].

The experience of performing 44 partial nephrectomies using laparoscopic and lumboscopic approaches is presented. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different methods of hemostasis when performing nephron sparing interventions was conducted. It is shown that physical methods of hemostasis do not meet the necessary requirements, increasing warm ischemia time and the risk of intraoperative blood loss, and makes it difficult to visualize the boundaries of resection. Pilot study using histological assessment methods proved negative effects of high-frequency energy on parenchyma, which does not allow to recommend this method of hemostasis in nephron sparing surgery. We believe that currently ligature method in partial nephrectomy remains the only reliable and safe method for the achievement of final hemostasis.

[First experience of monoport laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of kidney diseases].

The results of research on the effectiveness of monoport laparoscopic surgery for kidney disease are presented. Operations using LESS method (Laparo-Endoscopic Single-Site Surgery) were performed in 21 patients, including 14 nephrectomies and 7 cyst resections. In five cases, nephrectomy was performed due to terminal hydronephrosis, in two cases--due to presence of arteriolosclerotic kidney, in seven cases--due to renal cell carcinoma (T1a-bN0M0). "Pain DETECT" questionnaire was used for assessment of pain symptom. Maximum longitudinal size of a removed organ was 14 cm, the average volume of intraoperative blood loss--80 ml. Duration of monoport laparoscopic radical nephrectomies ranged from 125 to 230 min (mean duration, 164 min). The time for renal cyst resection ranged from 40 to 120 minutes. Moderate intensity pain was observed in all patients but only at the first day after surgery. The average hospital stay was 4 days. The length of postoperative skin scar varied from 2.5 to 6.0 cm. Early and late postoperative complications were not observed. During follow-up period 6 to 8 months, tumor or cyst recurrence were not registered.

A registry for exposure and population health in the Altai region affected by fallout from the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site.

A registry of the rural population in the Altai region exposed to fallout from nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk test site (STS) was established more than four decades after the first Soviet nuclear explosion on August 29, 1949. Information about individuals living in an exposed and a control area was collected using all available local sources, such as kolkhoz documentation, school registries, medical treatment records and interviews with residents. As a result, a database comprising an exposed group of 39 179 individuals from 53 Altai region villages, 6769 external and 3303 internal controls was compiled. For several settlements, effective dose estimates reached the level of 1.5 Sv, while the average effective dose estimate in the exposed group was 340 mSv. Dosimetric data, vital status information and health records gathered at rayon and village medical facilities are held in the registry. Cause-of-death information for deceased residents is obtained from death registration forms archived at the Altai region vital statistics office. At present, a follow-up of approximately 40% of the population exposed in 1949 has been done. More will be added by searching for migrants to the larger towns of the Altai region, i.e. Barnaul, Rubtsovsk and Biisk. In order to assess the influence of radiation exposure, analytical studies with a case-control design for stomach and lung cancer are currently being prepared. The number of known cases is sufficient to detect an odds ratio of 1.5 at the 95% confidence level. Epidemiological studies in populations affected by fallout from STS may be equally important to the atomic bomb survivors' study for the direct quantification of radiation effects. The range of exposure rates experienced will extend the acute high-dose-rate findings from Hiroshima/Nagasaki towards acute and protracted lower exposures, which are more relevant for radiation protection issues.

[Proteus peritonitis-bacteremia in mice--a model for studying postvaccinal Proteus immunity]. / Proteinyi peritonit-bakteriemiia myshei--model' dlia izucheniia postvaktsinal'nogo antiproteinogo immuniteta.

The dynamics of the formation of postvaccinal immunity after immunization with preparations obtained with the use of hydroxylamine (HA) preparations from Proteus strains of different O serogroups, Salmonella minnesota Re-mutant and the common antimicrobial antigen isolated from Escherichia coli 14 has been studied on mice with Proteus peritonitis-bacteremia used as a model. The study has revealed that intraperitoneal immunization with Proteus HA preparations stimulates the phagocytic activity of peritoneal mononuclear cells in mice and induces an increase in the titers of specific O antibodies. Proteus antigens ensure the formation of anti-Proteus immunity, preventing the death of the animals from peritonitis-bacteremia. The protection of mice from such infection resulting from the injection of the common antigens of gram-negative bacteria is considerably less. These data are indicative of the possibility of using Proteus peritonitis-bacteremia as a model for the study of the protective potency of Proteus vaccines.