ABSTRACT
Learning and reverse learning in a complex maze, behavior in the open field test, novelty-suppressed feeding test, and forced swimming test were studies in WAG/Rij and Wistar rats. As compared with Wistar rats, WAG/Rij rats more slowly learned the spatial task, more slowly performed in the learning and reverse learning tasks, and made more errors in the complex maze (18% of WAG/Rij rats didn't reach learning criterion). Moreover, WAG/Rij rats exhibited reduced grooming reactions in the open field test, longer latency of approaching to food in the novel open field, reduced amount of food consumed in the home cage in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, and increased immobility time in the forced swimming test. The results suggest cognitive impaiment in WAG/Rij rats with depression-like behavior.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal , Depression/psychology , Maze Learning , Animals , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Depression/complications , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
For acute posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma (CFT) considerable activation of peroxide lipids oxidation in the liquor is typical beginning from the 1st day of posttraumatic period on the background of speedy and drastic depletion of fermentative and low-molecular antioxidant liquor system (in spite of introduction of antioxidants particularly a-tocopherol acetate). Non-adequate functioning of the system of antioxidant defense on the background of free radical activity splash can be considered as breakdown of the process of adaptive reaction forming. It leads to weighting the course of posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma and its outcome as a whole.
Subject(s)
Craniocerebral Trauma/cerebrospinal fluid , Facial Injuries/cerebrospinal fluid , Malondialdehyde/cerebrospinal fluid , Multiple Trauma/cerebrospinal fluid , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Superoxide Dismutase/cerebrospinal fluid , alpha-Tocopherol/cerebrospinal fluid , Adult , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , Ceruloplasmin/cerebrospinal fluid , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Male , Prognosis , Trauma Severity IndicesABSTRACT
The investigation has been performed on 44 Wistar rats, some of them at the age of 2 months have been subjected to thymectomy. In 3, 6 and 12 months in the spleen, axillary and popliteal lymph nodes density of cell populations, position of lymphatic nodules have been determined, and in the liver--activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis. In the animals with the deficiency of the thymic hormones the most manifested changes are seen in 3 and 12 months: decrease in cell population density in the lymph nodes and in their T-dependent zones, decrease in amount of small lymphocytes, in density of the lymphoid nodules arrangement. The dynamics of processes is also followed at analysis of the key enzymes activity of gluconeogenesis in the liver: glucose-6-phosphatase activity is decreased in 3 months after thymectomy, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxycinase activity--in 12 months. Fructose-1,6-diphosphotase activity is not changed. The thymic hormones deficiency is supposed to disturb the ratio of cyclic nucleotides and in this way participate both in inhibition of the immune function and in decrease of metabolic activity mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate.
Subject(s)
Liver/enzymology , Lymphoid Tissue/pathology , Thymus Hormones/deficiency , Animals , Fructose-Bisphosphatase/metabolism , Gluconeogenesis , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Male , Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Spleen/pathology , Thymectomy , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Investigations of 16 archive autopsy observations of diphtheria of the fauces confirmed bacteriologically revealed that Corynebacteria diphtheriae multiplied mainly on the surface of the mucous membrane. Fibrinous inflammation on the tonsillar surface is most typical for this agent. In all cases with manifestations of acute inflammation the lesion was caused by C. diphtheriae in combination with other bacteria, most frequently streptococci. The latter were harboured deep in the tonsills and caused there an inflammatory process with characteristic lesions. Examinations of the tonsills removed from 72 C. diphtheriae carriers showed that longterm persistence of the bacteria in the tonsills was primarily due to the specific structure of the cryptae, particularly great branchiness and depth contributing to the retention of the content. Long-term carrier state leads to a statistically significant increase of the degree of their plasmatization as compared with the control group. This occurs in parallel with changes in the general responsiveness of the host.
Subject(s)
Carrier State/pathology , Diphtheria/pathology , Palatine Tonsil/pathology , Autopsy , Carrier State/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Diphtheria/microbiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Necrosis , Palatine Tonsil/microbiology , Tonsillitis/microbiology , Tonsillitis/pathologyABSTRACT
Investigation was carried on by fluorescent-microscopic technique, smears of buccal epithelium being stained with acrichinium-mustard gas. The extent, form, location in a nucleus and the frequency of Y-chromatin in human buccal smears were studied. In medico-genetic practice this method is employed for initial determination of chromosome sex in disease associated with anomalies of sex chromosomes.
