[Saratov period of life of Alexander Nikolayevich Bakulev (to his 130th birthday)]. / Saratovskii period zhizni Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Bakuleva (k 130-letiiu so dnia rozhdeniia).

This article deals with the bibliographic information relating to the Saratov period of life of Alexander Nikolayevich Bakulev, his scientific and practical activity at the Department of Hospital Surgery of the Saratov Medical University under the leadership of the Department's founder, Sergey Ivanovich Spasokukotsky having exerted the key influence on the formation of A.N. Bakulev as a surgeon and scientist.

[Especially in the hemostatic system in geriatric patients with ischemic heart disease, complicated by persistent atrial fibrillation].

The article presents the results of the state of the vascular-platelet, coagulation hemostasis and fibrinolysis system in the elderly with coronary heart disease complicated with persistent atrial fibrillation.

[The level and dynamics of social adaptation of patients with disorders of schizophrenic specter].

The article considers the results of study of alteration of level of social adaptation of patients with schizophrenia and disorders of schizophrenic specter in the process of application of curative rehabilitative activities in psychiatric hospital considering the effect of gender factor. Depending on the clinical social characteristics four groups of patients are singled out: patients with primary hospitalizations in psychiatric hospital, patients with repeated hospitalizations during a year, patients on compulsory treatment and patients with continuous hospitalization more than a year In various groups of patients the different effect of gender factor is established both on initial level of indicators of social adaptation and on alterations of indicators during treatment process.

[Study of hydroxyapatite organic-mineral complex influence upon experimental animals white blood].

Biological activity of newly synthesized organic-mineral complexes of hydroxyapatite with carboxymetilcellulose, carraginan and collagen has been studied by reaction of laboratory male rats white blood. The character of influence of each studied substance on the white blood was counted by the dynamic of general number of leukocyte, single leukocyte forms and morphological modification in them in peripheral blood before and after the intraperitoneal injection of the investigated materials. All of the 3 substances activated mechanisms of nonspecific resistance of organism and they were not allergens, because eozinophyllia didn't develop, and they were not toxic either: morphological modifications typical for pathology were absent in formal elements of white blood.

Ionic conductivity and activation energy for oxygen ion transport in superlattices--the semicoherent multilayer system YSZ (ZrO2 + 9.5 mol% Y2O3)/Y2O3.

The oxygen ion conductivity of YSZ (ZrO(2) + 9.5 mol% Y(2)O(3))/Y(2)O(3) multilayer systems is measured parallel to the interfaces as a function of temperature between 350 and 700 degrees C. The multilayer samples are prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The film thicknesses, the crystallinity, the texture and the microstructure are investigated by SEM, XRD, HRTEM and SAED. To separate the interface contribution of the total conductivity from the bulk contribution the thickness of the YSZ and Y(2)O(3) layers is varied systematically. The total conductivity of the YSZ films increases when their thickness is decreased from 0.53 microm to 24 nm. It depends linearly on the reciprocal thickness of the individual layers, thus on the number of YSZ/Y(2)O(3) interfaces. This behaviour results from the parallel connection between individual conduction paths in the bulk and the interfacial regions. The activation energy for the ionic conductivity decreases from 1.13 to 0.99 kJ mol(-1) by decreasing the thicknesses of the individual YSZ layers. HRTEM studies show that the YSZ/Y(2)O(3) interfaces are semicoherent. The correlation between interface structure and ionic conduction is discussed.

Molecular-beam epitaxy-grown Si whisker structures: morphological, optical and electrical properties.

Scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and current-voltage and current-temperature measurements were employed to characterize nanowhisker structures grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on Si(111) substrates. Small clusters of gold deposited on the Si surface were used as the seeds for nanowhisker growth. The diameter of grown nanowhiskers and their length ranged from 70 to 200 nm and from 580 to 890 nm, respectively. The whiskers were found to inherit the (111) orientation of the Si substrate. By means of spectroscopic ellipsometry in the range 1.5-4.77 eV, lateral optical inhomogeneity of the nanowhisker layer was revealed, with optical properties of the layer substantially differing from those of single-crystal Si. Electrical measurements point to the presence of a Schottky barrier with height 0.70 eV in the structure and to the presence of electrically active centers non-uniformly distributed over the nanowhisker length.

[Comparative assessment of cognitive styles forming personal behavior in health and borderline personality disorder].

The author suggests a cognitive-analytical concept of personality focusing on cognitively mediated processes of cyclic interaction of different levels of consciousness and subconsciousness represented in the form of emotional-behavioral potential and functional-dynamic system. A cognitive type (cognitype)--a type of personality-centered cognitive operations that determines the pattern of behavioral cycle and distinctive features of social adaptation--is singled out as an integrative basic individual and psychological component of personality. Presented is classification of personality cognitypes, their adaptive and maladaptive variants, correlations between cognitypes and anomalies of personality. The principles of psychotherapy of maladaptive behavior, borderline and addictive disorders (positive reintegration of personality) are substantiated.

[Effect of dipyridamole on recombination of photooxidized bacteriochlorophylla and photoreduced primary quinone in reactive centers of purple bacteria and degradation of form M412 of bacteriorhodopsin]. / Bliiane dipiridamola na rekombinatsiiu fotookislennogo bakteriokhlorofilla i fotovosstanovlennogo pervichnogo khinona v reaktsionnykh tsentrakh purpurnykh bakterii i raspad formy M412 bakteriorodopsina.

It is shown that the addition of dipyridamole (2,6-bis(diethanolamino)-4,8-dipiperidinopyrimido[5,4d]py rim idine) (up to 10(-4) M) leads to a drastic acceleration of the dark recombination reaction between photooxidized bacteriochlorophyll and photoreduced primary quinone in reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The value of the acceleration is similar to that registered under cryogenic temperatures. The extent of the effect of dipyridamole derivatives depended on their structure. In wild-type bacteriorhodopsin and D96N mutant, dipyridamole slowed down the Schiff base reprotonation (the kinetics of M412 form decay was registered). It is suggested that dipyridamole can influence the structural and dynamic state of membrane proteins by affecting the system of their hydrogen-bonds and thus modify electron and proton transport processes.

[Effects of low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation and endogenous peptides on isolated neurons of Helix lucorum]. / Vliianie élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia (3 GGts) nizkoi intensivnosti i éndogennykh peptidov na izolirovannye neirony vinogradnoi ulitki.

In experiments with isolated neurones of molluscan Helix lucorum the effects of low intensity electromagnetic fields (EMF) and endogenous peptides on the transmembrane current dynamics was studied. A certain relationship between peptides and EMF effects was shown. Some features of primary mechanisms of EMF biological action were clarified.

[The treatment of newborns with gastroschisis]. / Lechenie novorozhdennykh s gastroshizisom.

Gastroschisis is considered by the authors to be an embryopathy. The main principles of management of newborns with gastroschisis are: warming of the newborn, rehydration, measures against pseudoobstruction of the intestine. An effective method which could be recommended for all kinds of operations for defects of the anterior abdominal wall is a "manual enlargement of the abdominal cavity" during operation.

[Microsurgical methods in pediatric surgery]. / Mikrokhirurgicheskii metod v detskoi khirurgii.

The paper deals with the results of treatment of 32 children aged from 2 to 12 years with injuries to the arteries (n = 7), tendons of the hand and fingers (n = 9), nerves of the fingers (n = 3), cryptorchidism (n = 6), tumour of a finger (n = 1), and traumatic amputation of a finger (n = 1). Drainage of a lymph vessel in the foot for lymph infusion in +suppurative conditions was carried out in 8 patients. Optic magnification, inert suture material, and microsurgical instruments were used in the operations. The anatomical and functional results were excellent and good in 30 patients. In an 8-year-old girl, the results of a restorative operation on the flexor tendons of the ring finger of the left hand were satisfactory. In a boy two and a half years of age, replantation of the index finger of the left hand proved a failure. Microsurgical methods make it possible to attain utmost precision in forming vascular anastomoses, applying sutures to the nerves of the fingers and tendons, and in other operations. Microsurgery holds much promise in pediatric surgery.

[Gastroschisis]. / Gastroshizis.

The results of management of 7 newborns with gastroschisis in 1980-1987 are discussed. Four of them were treated by the earlier described method of "manual distention" of the abdominal cavity by stretching the abdominal wall with the finger, 3 patients recovered. The method was not applied to the other 3 patients and all of them died. It is emphasized that the baby must be kept warm in the preoperative period and hypovolemia must be controlled. In view of the prolonged paralytic ileus complete parenteral feeding must be prescribed in the postoperative period until the function of the gastrointestinal tract becomes normal. All the modern principles of management of these patients must be scrupulously followed in order to accomplish successful treatment and improve the results.

[Experience using exchange plasmapheresis in the treatment of suppurative and septic complications]. / Opyt primeneniia obmennogo plazmafereza v lechenii gnoino-septicheskikh oslozhnenii.

An experience with using exchange plasmapheresis for treatment of 48 patients with pyo-septic complications has shown that it has a pronounced detoxicating effect, facilitates normalization of the biochemical composition of blood, reduces its toxicity, allows to prepare the patients to operations. The use of exchange plasmapheresis is indicated to patients with clinical and laboratory symptoms of intoxication when the arsenal of all the methods and means of treatment have failed.

[Neurotic and neurosis-like disorders in the school maladaptation of children with retardation of mental development]. / Nevroticheskie i nevrozopodobnye rasstroistva pri shkol'noi dezadapatatsii u detei s zaderzhkoi psikhicheskogo razvitiia.

Sixty-six schoolchildren aged 6 to 11 attending community schools suffered from various types of psychophysical infantilism and encephalopathic forms (in the cerebrasthenia and psycho-organic syndrome background) of mental retardation. The decompensation of the residual organic cerebral insufficiency with enhancement of neurosis-like and cerebrasthenic disorders resulting from increased mental load was the first stage of these children disadaptation to the school demands. At the 2nd stage, as the self-esteem lowered and negative attitude of other schoolchildren arose, the neurotic disorders emerged alongside with prevalent depressive reactions and fear of getting bad marks and being an object of ridicule at school. Children with lesser degrees of intellectual and encephalopathic disorders were better adapted to school environment.

[Changes in the chemosensitive properties of the central neurons of the snail Helix pomatia and of the mouse as affected by opioid peptides]. / Izmenenie khemosensitivnykh svoistv tsentral'nykh neironov ulitki Helix pomatia i myshi pod vliianiem opioidnykh peptidov.

In experiments on neurones of the isolated ganglia of the snail and surviving hippocampal slices from mice, studies have been made of the effect of Met- and Leu-enkephalins on neuronal sensitivity to acetylcholine and norepinephrine. It was shown that in some cases the enkephalins do not affect bioelectrical activity of the neurones, but changed their responses to acetylcholine and norepinephrine. It is concluded that during investigation of the effect of enkephalins on the nervous cells, alongside with changes in the bioelectrical activity, special attention should be paid to changes in chemoreceptive properties of the neurones.