[Diagnosis and treatment of primary mediastinal angiosarcoma].

The results of treatment of 23 patients, suffering primary angiosarcoma (AS), and 7--having mediastinal hemangiopericytoma, were analyzed. Primary mediastinal AS constitutes a quite rare tumor, for its recognition it is necessary to do differential diagnosis from tumors with possible localization in anterior mediastinum. AS differs by more aggressive course and, accordingly, by poorer results of treatment and poorer prognosis as well. Surgical treatment was conducted in 15 patients, including radical operations in 13 (in 7--for AS, in 6--hemangiopericytoma), the combined--in 4. The total survival indices during 3 - 5 yrs after radical operations for AS have had constituted, accordingly, 57.1 and 28.6%, and of recurrence-free survival--42.8 and 28.6%. Chemotherapy as a single method of treatment was conducted in 11 patients, radiation therapy--4. The total survival indices in 3 and 5 yrs follow-up have had constituted 26.6 and 7.1%. Application of taxans in the treatment of AS permits to achieve better results. Radiation therapy is applied in a chemotherapy resistant and recurrent tumors. Surgery constitutes the main method of treatment of mediastinal AS. The standard schemes of chemotherapy are lacking efficacy, the taxans are characterized by higher antitumoral activity.

[Complex treatment of oral mucosa cancer].

The analysis of the results of complex treatment of 58 patients with oral mucosa cancer was conducted. In the main group of 20 patients used a method developed by the authors comprehensive treatment, including chemoradiotherapy (CRT), cryodestruction (CD) of the tumor, followed by 24 hours of local microwave hyperthermia. In the control group of 38 patients with complex treatment consisted of a CRT and a CD of the tumor. Local recurrence rate of tumor growth in the first 12 months of observation in the main group patients was (7.7 +/- 5.96)%, in the control group--(31.6 +/- 7.54)%. The frequency of regional metastases for the entire observation period was (34.2 +/- 7.54)%--in the control group, in the main group were absent. The use of local microwave hyperthermia in a day after tumor CD allows to raise not only local, but also the overall anti-tumor effect of the CD and in general, comprehensive treatment.

[Changes in cytotoxicity of natural killer cells and level of large granule-containing lymphocytes in patients with lung cancer under the effects of cryosurgery]. / Izmenenie tsitotoksichnosti estestvennykh killerov i urovnia bol'shikh granulosoderzhashchikh limfotsitov u bol'nykh rakom legkogo pod vliianiem kriokhirurgii.

The parallel study of the content of large granule-containing lymphocytes (LGL) and natural killer activity (NKA) in donors, patients with benign tumors in the lungs and bronchial or pulmonary cancer in operative intervention and combined cryosurgical treatment was carried out. The stimulating effect of cryodestruction of malignant tumors with their subsequent spontaneous thawing on LGL content and NKA in patients was established. Administration of prodigiosan immunomodulator contributed to increase in natural resistance of an organism of the patients. The positive correlation of NKA and LGL content was noted.

[The effect of combination cryosurgical treatment on the natural resistance of patients with cancer of the lung]. / Vliianie kombinirovannogo kriokhirurgicheskogo lecheniia na estestvennuiu rezistentnost' organizma bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

By the method of measuring the percentage and absolute content of the large granule-containing lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the healthy subjects, in pulmonary cancer and benign process in the lungs at admission, just before the operation, at day 1 and at days 13-14 after the operative intervention and combined cryosurgical treatment, the data about the stimulating effect of cryodestruction on the natural resistance of an organism of the patients were obtained.

[Prognostic factors in operable non-small cell cancer of the lungs]. / Prognosticheskie faktory pri operabe'lnom nemelkokletochnom rake legkogo.

The influence of different factors on prognosis after radical operations in 316 patients with non-small cell peripheral pulmonary cancer was studied. In N0, the 3-year survival of the patients was 51.2%, 5-year--34.7%. In N1, the 3-year survival was 23.9%, in squamous cell cancer--40.6%, glandular--10.2%, 5-year survival--12.3%. The reduction of survival in N2 is significant in glandular, and in squamous cell cancer as well. In N2, the 3-year survival was 4.8%, 5-year survival was absent. It should be considered that in patients with stage T3N2 peripheral pulmonary cancer, there are subclinical metastases. The operation in this case is not a method for radical treatment. The influence of a tumor size on the prognosis is manifested in T3. Histologic structure in non-small cell cancer influences prognosis only at the stage T2N1 (in glandular cancer, the survival is significantly worse). The degree of differentiation in squamous cell cancer influences the prognosis. Tumor spreading to the adjacent structures makes prognosis worse, but the surgical treatment in such a case is justified.

[Diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal teratomas]. / Diagnostika i lechenie teratom sredosteniia.

Among 221 operated patients with primary tumors and cysts of the mediastinum teratomas were observed in 54 (24.4%). The diagnosis of mediastinal teratodermoids should be complex. Clinically in benign teratomas the localization and character of the process were determined precisely in 94%, histogenesis--in 35%, in malignant teratomas--the proper localization was determined in 90%, the tumor character--in 78%, histogenesis--in 26%. For malignant tumors the combination therapy with intensive telegamma therapy prior to and after surgery was employed. Resectability in malignant teratomas made 73%, the postoperative mortality--in 5.5%. A five-year survival following radical surgery in patients with malignant teratoma was 37%. In inoperable teratoblastomas it seems rational to use intensive split course telegamma therapy with a total focal dosage of 5,500-6,500 rad.