ABSTRACT
Se describe el caso de un paciente de 19 años que ingresó en Urgencias de nuestro hospital con un cuadro de movimientos disautonómicos y desconexión del medio tras ingesta de anfetamina 4 días antes, evolucionando a un síndrome catatónico y finalmente a estatus epiléptico. El diagnóstico definitivo fue encefalitis por anticuerpos antirreceptores de NMDA, una inflamación límbica aguda de origen autoinmune en la que el diagnóstico y el tratamiento tempranos son clave en el pronóstico. En el caso descrito, las pruebas iniciales normales y el antecedente de intoxicación por metanfetamina hicieron que el diagnóstico se viera retrasado, pues la intoxicación por metanfetamina inhalada produce una clínica similar. Adicionalmente, esta intoxicación podría haber producido un estado inmunitario sobre el paciente y favorecer el desarrollo de la enfermedad (AU)
A 19-year-old male came to the Emergency Room of our hospital due to an episode of dystonic movements and disorientation 4 days after consuming methamphetamine, which evolved to a catatonic frank syndrome and eventually to status epilepticus. Definitive diagnosis was anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, an acute inflammation of the limbic area of autoimmune origin in which early diagnosis and treatment are key elements for the final outcome. In this case, initial normal tests and previous methamphetamine poisoning delayed diagnosis, because inhaled-methamphetamine poisoning causes similar clinical symptoms to anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Methamphetamine poisoning may have caused an immune response in the patient, bringing on the progress of the pathology (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/complications , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/drug therapy , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis , Diagnosis, Differential , Limbic Encephalitis/chemically induced , Limbic Encephalitis/complications , Paranoid Disorders/chemically induced , Paranoid Disorders/complications , Nervous System Diseases/complications , Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy , Neuroimmunomodulation , Methamphetamine/adverse effects , Methamphetamine/toxicity , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Electroencephalography , Electroencephalography/methodsABSTRACT
A 19-year-old male came to the Emergency Room of our hospital due to an episode of dystonic movements and disorientation 4 days after consuming methamphetamine, which evolved to a catatonic frank syndrome and eventually to status epilepticus. Definitive diagnosis was anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, an acute inflammation of the limbic area of autoimmune origin in which early diagnosis and treatment are key elements for the final outcome. In this case, initial normal tests and previous methamphetamine poisoning delayed diagnosis, because inhaled-methamphetamine poisoning causes similar clinical symptoms to anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Methamphetamine poisoning may have caused an immune response in the patient, bringing on the progress of the pathology.
