[Diet therapy program for weight loss and assessment of its effectiveness in overweight and obese persons].

The basic method of obesity treatment is diet therapy aimed at long-term maintenance of negative energy balance by restricting the caloric intake of the diet. The aim - to evaluate the effectiveness of the diet therapy program for weight loss with the use of a complex of amino acids and glucomannan. Material and methods. To conduct the study, in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of 33 overweight or obese people was formed, of which 30 people (16 men and 14 women) took part in the study. The age of the persons included in the study ranged from 20 to 59 years (average 41.0±1.73 years), body mass index- from 26.4 to 45.5 kg/m2 (average 35.5±0.8 kg/m2), waist circumference as a criterion for abdominal obesity - 110.4±2.4 cm. Participants three times a day (7.00-9.00, 12.00-14.00 and 16.00-18.00) received within 14 days 15 g of powder dissolved in 200 ml of water containing whey protein concentrate, potassium (618 mg in the form of citrate), glucomannan, taurine (290 mg), zinc (2.5 mg in the form of sulfate), vitamins B6 (1.4 mg) and B12 (3 mcg), and 2 capsules containing L-isoleucine (340 mg), L-ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate (290 mg), L-citrulline-DL-malate (290 mg) and L-tryptophan (80 mg). In the evening, the main meal was dinner, which included a protein dish with vegetables and herbs. The energy value of the evening meal was 400 kcal (1675 kJ), the proportion of protein, fat and carbohydrates was 40, 30 and 30%, respectively, of the calorie content of the evening meal. Results. It was shown that the use of a 14-day course of the diet therapy program to reduce body weight was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in body weight on average 6.3% of the initial level, an improvement in body composition indicators (a rather pronounced decrease in body fat mass by 9.2%, p<0.001, with a smaller decrease in lean body mass and skeletal muscle mass, respectively by 3.9 and 4.1%, p<0.001) and metabolic blood parameters (a decrease in serum glucose concentration, total cholesterol, triglycerides, total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyltransferase by 12.5, 15.0, 35.0, 22.8 and 34.6% respectively). Conclusion. Application of the diet therapy program for weight loss «Non-invasive liposuction¼ allows us to recommend its use in obese patients in order to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic measures in correcting excess body weight, improving the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and the functional state of the biliary system.

[Characteristics of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Carriers of Polymorphic Variants of the VDR Gene With Arterial Hypertension and Obesity].

AIM: to study the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) in patients with polymorphic variants of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR), arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included in this study 98 patients with stage II-III AH and obesity (33 men, 65 women, mean age 61.1±9.9 years and BMI 43.3±5.0 kg/m2). The VDR gene study included genotypes TaqI, BsmI, FokI. After identification of TaqI, BsmI, FokI VDR gene sites we carried out measurements of levels of RAAS markers. RESULTS: We revealed an associative relationship between the presence of allele G of the BsmI site, C/C homozygosity of FokI site of VDR gene and presence of AH in patients with obesity. An increase of renin level was noted only in the homozygous T/T genotype of FokI, no differences in the concentration of aldosterone and angiotensin were detected between any of the studied genotypes. CONCLUSION: Polymorphic alleles and genotypes of the VDR gene can be used as predictors of AH development in obese patients with subsequent characterization of the state of the RAAS system.

[The cell immunity in patients with arterial hypertension and obesity].

In the present study the relative quantity subpopulations of lymphocytes, activated T- lymphocytes and CD95-antigen (Fas/APO-1) expression on lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with arterial hypertension and obesity in comparison with the healthy persons was determined. The cells were analyzed by the method of flow cytometry using Beckman Coulter FC 500 cytometer. The following of cells subsets: CD19+, CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD25+, CD3+HLA-DR+, CD45+CD95+ were investigated. In this research was establish the rise of immunoregulatory index (CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+) in consequence of increase the percentages of T-helper and decrease the cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in patients with arterial hypertension and obesity in comparison with the healthy persons. In the peripheral blood of patients with arterial hypertension and obesity were observed a greater level of activated T-lymphocytes (CD3+CD25+, CD3+HLA-DR+), that reflect the increase activity of T-cell immunity. In these patients a greater level of NKT-cells (CD3+CD16+CD56+) and lymphocytes expression of CD95-antigen in comparison with the healthy persons also was noted. The direct correlation between the increased quantity of T-helper lymphocytes, activated T-lymphocytes, NKT-cells, lymphocytes expression of CD95-antigen, and index of body mass in patients with arterial hypertension and obesity was found.