[The immunomodulating and metabolic actions of thymalin in an experimental herpetic infection]. / Immunomoduliruiushchee i metabolicheskoe deistvie timalina pri éksperimental'noi gerpeticheskoi infektsii.

In experiments on the intracerebral inoculation of herpes virus, type I, into 38 CBA mice the phagocytic activity of peritoneal exudate, cells, spontaneous migration of leukocytes and their response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), the activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis, lipid peroxidation in liver tissue, as well as the level of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood, were determined simultaneously with the histological study of the brain and the main internal organs of the animals, receiving thymalin treatment and not receiving it. As demonstrated in these experiments, the development of experimental infection was accompanied by the inhibition of the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and response of leukocytes to PHA, as well as metabolic shifts in liver tissue. Treatment with thymalin produced a combined immunomodulating and metabolic effect.

[Changes in the lymphoid tissue and metabolic shifts in the liver in thymus hormone deficiency]. / Izmeneniia limfoidnoi tkani i metabolicheskie sdvigi v pecheni pri defitsite timusnykh gormonov.

The investigation has been performed on 44 Wistar rats, some of them at the age of 2 months have been subjected to thymectomy. In 3, 6 and 12 months in the spleen, axillary and popliteal lymph nodes density of cell populations, position of lymphatic nodules have been determined, and in the liver--activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis. In the animals with the deficiency of the thymic hormones the most manifested changes are seen in 3 and 12 months: decrease in cell population density in the lymph nodes and in their T-dependent zones, decrease in amount of small lymphocytes, in density of the lymphoid nodules arrangement. The dynamics of processes is also followed at analysis of the key enzymes activity of gluconeogenesis in the liver: glucose-6-phosphatase activity is decreased in 3 months after thymectomy, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxycinase activity--in 12 months. Fructose-1,6-diphosphotase activity is not changed. The thymic hormones deficiency is supposed to disturb the ratio of cyclic nucleotides and in this way participate both in inhibition of the immune function and in decrease of metabolic activity mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

[Catecholamines in migraine and other paroxysmal conditions in children]. / Katekholaminy pri migreni i drugikh paroksizmal'nykh sostoianii u detei.

A study was made of the diurnal excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline in children aged 7 to 14 years suffering from migraine (n = 33), epilepsy (n = 21), and from syncopes (n = 13). For that purpose use was made of fluorometry. The patients with epilepsia and syncopes manifested a fall of adrenaline excretion; noradrenaline excretion correlated with the control data. The children suffering from migraine demonstrated a statistically significant reduction of adrenaline excretion and a rise of noradrenaline excretion, leading to dramatic changes in the amines ratio. Therefore, in patients suffering from vegetovascular dystonia with paroxysmal crises, measurements of adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion may serve an additional criterion for making correct diagnosis.

[Biological significance of thymus hormone deficiency during physical stress]. / Biologicheskaia znachimost' defitsita gormonov timusa pri fizicheskoi nagruzke.

In animals with a deficit of thymus hormones there are detected activation of lipid peroxidation processes, changes in activity of key enzymes of energy-supplying tracts of anaerobic and pentose cycles along with antioxidative protection and ionic content of erythrocytes. Apparently thymus removal, causing its hormones' deficit and disturbances in the system of neurohormonal regulation, modified the synthesis and activity of key metabolic enzymes. The character of biochemical shifts in erythrocytes of the animals with a deficit of thymus hormones during their adaptation to physical load demonstrated functional stress of protective mechanisms and disorders of adaptative blood reactions.

[Activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in the liver and corticosterone levels of the blood of thymectomized rats]. / Aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov gliukoneogeneza v pecheni i soderzhanie kortikosterona v krovi timéktomirovannykh krys.

Thymectomized rats have been studied with the aim to determine the activity of gluconeogenesis key enzymes (phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1.6-diphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase), the glycogen content in the liver, the corticosterone level in blood and electrolytes concentration in erythrocytes and blood plasma. The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and the glycogen content in the liver as well as the corticosterone level in the rat blood are shown to diminish after thymectomy. Changes are found in the electrolytic composition of blood as well as in the activity of key enzyme of the pentose cycle in erythrocytes. The data obtained indicate that thymectomy in rats is followed by the pronounced biochemical shifts induced by the thymus hormone deficiency and disturbance of interrelations in the system of neuroendocrine regulation.

[Effect of thymectomy on activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in the rat liver]. / Vliianie timéktomii na aktivnost' kliuchevykh fermentov gliukoneogeneza v pecheni krys.

Activities of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis--phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase as well as the content of glycogen were studied in liver tissue of thymectomized rats. Gluconeogenesis was inhibited in liver tissue of these rats. As thymus and adrenal cortex are firmly related, the inhibition of gluconeogenesis in liver tissue of thymectomized rats appears to occur due to a decrease in the glucocorticoid activating effect followed the inhibition of adrenal cortex functions and absence of thymus hormones directly responsible for carbohydrate metabolism.

[Effect of thymectomy on the endocrine function of the adrenal cortex and testes in rats]. / Vliianie timektomii na endokrinnuiu funktsiiu kory nadpochechnikov i semennikov u krys.

The paper is concerned with a study of endocrine function of the adrenal cortex and testes of rats after thymectomy using a radioimmunoassay. Postnatal thymectomy resulted after 3 months in a decrease in the level of corticosterone in the blood, the level of testosterone did not change as compared to that in animals after false operation. Thymectomized rats were characterized by a stronger sensitivity of the adrenals and gonads to physical exercise of moderate intensity which was expressed in a more significant elevation of the corticosterone level in the blood and a decrease in the testosterone level. A decrease in the Na+ concentration and an increase in the K+ content in erythrocytes and blood plasma were revealed in the thymectomized rats 3 and 6 mos after operation. A deficit of the thymus hormone influenced endocrine function of the adrenals and testes.