ABSTRACT
The search for new natural sources of hydrocolloids with stabilizing, thickening, and good binding capacity, from raw materials that are environmentally friendly and that contribute to the circular economy is a challenge for the food industry. The aim of the study was the preliminary characterization of a spray-dried hydrocolloid from high Andean algae Nostoc sphaericum. Four ecotypes of algae from Peruvian high Andean lagoons located above 4000 m were considered. The samples were collected in the period March−April 2021 and were subjected to a spray drying process in an aqueous medium. The characterization showed that the dehydrated nostoc ecotypes presented high protein and carbohydrate content, making it a potential material for direct use as a functional food for humans. The spray-dried product presented good stability for its use as a hydrocolloid, with zeta potential values (ζ), around 30 mV, evidencing the presence of -CO-, -OH, -COO-, and -CH groups, characteristic of polysaccharides, representing 40% of total organic carbon on average, giving it low water activity values and particle size at the nanometric level. Major minerals such as Ca (>277 mg/100 g), Mg (>19.7 mg/100 g), and Fe (>7.7 mg/100 g) were reported. Spray-dried nostoc is a hydrocolloid material with high potential for the food industry, with good nutritional content and techno-functional behavior.
ABSTRACT
Edible films prepared from biological materials are being massively used. This study aimed to prepare edible films from native potato starch of the Allcca sipas variety (Solanum tuberosum subsp. Andigena), nopal mucilage (Opuntia ficus indica), and glycerol. Twelve edible films were prepared with starch, mucilage, and glycerin in different proportions by thermosynthesis. It was observed that mucilage and glycerol have a significant direct effect on film solubility and an inverse effect on aw, while the effect of starch is the opposite. The aw ranged from 0.562 to 0.639. The FTIR analysis showed the interaction of the components in the films being considerably influenced by the addition of mucilage. The TGA/DTA analysis reported low thermal stability in the films, retaining water around 100 °C, and showing a tendency to lose weight when the content of starch is high, while the opposite occurred with the addition of mucilage; it was also observed that around 310 °C, the maximum weight loss was observed between 53.6 and 86.1%. SEM images showed uniform films without cracks. The results are promising and show the possibility of preparing edible films from native potato starch and mucilage.
ABSTRACT
Los alimentos deshidratados siempre han sido utilizados para consume directo en épocas de escasez, sin embargo actualmente están siendo muy utilizados para la formulación de otros tipos de alimentos, ya sea como ingredientes de alimentos funcionales, bocadillos, productos lácteos, desayunos integrales, barras de cereales. No obstante, gran parte de los alimentos deshidratados se deben rehidratar en soluciones determinadas como agua, azucaradas, salinas, entre otras, antes de ser consumidos. Este trabajo presenta la elaboración de un Snack de maíz Chulpi rehidratado con sal, se estudian aspectos como la difusión de una solución de salmuera en el seno del maíz (transferencia de materia), la actividad del agua y se realiza un análisis organoléptico del producto a través de una superficie de respuesta.
Dehydrated food has always been used for direct consumption when food is scarce. However, nowadays this kind of food is being used to formulate other kinds of food, either as ingredients for functional food, snacks, dairy products, wholegrain breakfast, cereal bars. However, most of dehydrated in determined solutions such as water, sweetened water and saline, among others, before being consumed. This work presents the elaboration of a corn Snack Chulpi rehydrated with salt, some aspects are studied as the diffusion of a solution of pickle in the bosom of the corn (transference of matter), the activity of the water and a organoléptico analysis of the product is realized by means of a Surface of answer.
