ABSTRACT
The quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced venous insufficiency (including venous stasis ulcers, skin discoloration, stasis eczema, and lipodermatosclerosis) assessed using the Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathophysiological (CEAP) and Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) classifications is presented. Also, disease features such as: intensity of pain, edema and inflammatory response that exerted the most profound effect on different domains of QoL are reported. The global QoL in patients with lower leg venous ulcerations was relatively similar to that observed in other patients with chronic venous insufficiency. The presence of venous ulcerations was associated with lower QoL in a Physical domain. Significant correlations were found between pain intensity and the values of Physical, Physiological, Level of Independence and Environmental domains, between edema intensity and Social domain as well as between the intensity of inflammatory response and Physical and Spiritual domains.
Subject(s)
Quality of Life/psychology , Varicose Ulcer/epidemiology , Varicose Ulcer/psychology , Venous Insufficiency/epidemiology , Venous Insufficiency/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pain/epidemiology , Poland/epidemiology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Laser refractive surgery is a lively developing branch of ophthalmology. There are a numbers of contraindications for this type of surgery, but many of them are difficult to define, for example binocular vision impairment. Accurate analysis of orthoptic examination before refractive surgery, has forced us to dissuade our patient from refractive surgery, despite the fact that there were no other contraindications. CASE STUDY: A 33 years old woman referred for refractive surgery because of bilateral myopia (right eye: -5.25 Dsph -0.75 Dcyl ax. 170; left eye: -5.0 Dsph). There was no strabismus or other binocular vision disorders in her history. Orthoptic examination revealed exophoria, slight hyperphoria and considerable bilateral convergence insufficiency, which would have contributed to future strabismic complications.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ , Orthoptics/methods , Vision Disorders/prevention & control , Adult , Calibration , Contraindications , Corneal Topography/methods , Female , Humans , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Myopia/surgery , Patient Education as Topic , Vision Disorders/etiology , Vision, Binocular , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus and type of hipoglicemic therapy on corneal endothelium cell morphology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 68 diabetic patients' eyes with non proliferative diabetic retinopathy (29 males and 39 females), corneal endothelium was studied. Patients age was between 50 and 82 years (mean 63.28). As age-matched control group we analyzed 58 eyes of non diabetic patients. Corneal endothelium density, percentage of corneal endothelium hexagonal cells, average size of corneal endothelium cells and corneal thickness were imaged by non-contact specular microscope TOPCON SP-2000P. RESULTS: The mean corneal endothelium cell density was: 2467 cells/mm2 in diabetic patients, and 2573 cells/mm2 in control group. The mean percentage of corneal endothelium hexagonal cells was: 55.3% in diabetic patients treated with insulin and 52.9% in diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs, and 54.4% in the control group. The mean size of corneal endothelium cells was: 414.6 microm2 in diabetic patients, and 395.9 microm2 in the control group. The mean corneal thickness was: 0.556 mm in diabetic patients and 0.545 mm in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal endothelium was thicker in diabetic patients than in non diabetic patients. The duration of diabetes mellitus had no influence on corneal endothelium cell morphology. Diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs had larger percentage of hexagonal cells than those treated with insulin.
