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1.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 44(3): 168-173, abr. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-173468

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La disfagia orofaríngea es uno de los síndromes geriátricos menos conocidos, a pesar de su enorme impacto sobre la capacidad funcional, la calidad de vida y la salud de los individuos afectados. Material y método. Estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, por parte del Servicio de Geriatría del hospital de Barbastro (Huesca), desde marzo del 2012 hasta octubre del 2014, con fin de revisiones semestrales y anuales en octubre del 2015. Incluidos todos los paciente a los que se realizó método de exploración clínica de volumen-viscosidad (test MECV-V) por sospecha de disfagia. Resultados. El estudio incluyó a 266 pacientes, con una edad media de 82,35+/-12,3 años, con una puntuación media en el índice de Barthel de 20,5±25,4 y en el índice de Charlson de 1,77±1,6. El motivo de realización del test fue en 105 casos accidente cerebrovascular (40%), en 53 demencia (20%), en 24 parkinsonismos (9%) y por otros motivos diferentes en 80 (31%). Fueron diagnosticados de disfagia 228 casos (86%). Se instauró nutrición enteral en 25 casos (10,9%). Se reflejaron los resultados del test en el informe de alta en el 45% de los mismos con resultado positivo. La supervivencia media obtenida en los pacientes fallecidos desde la realización de test fue de 230,8±256,5 días. Encontramos diferencias en la supervivencia a los 12 meses en pacientes con test positivo, sin una clara relación con la situación funcional ni con la comorbilidad. Conclusiones. La disfagia conlleva una importante mortalidad, debiendo reflejarse adecuadamente el uso de espesantes tras su detección


Introduction. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is one of the lesser known geriatric syndromes, despite its enormous impact on functional capacity, quality of life, and health of those affected. Material and methods. A descriptive and prospective study was conducted by the Geriatric Department of Barbastro Hospital (Huesca), from March 2012 to October 2014, as biannual and annual reviews in October 2015. This study included all patients on whom a volume-viscosity clinical examination (MECV-V test) was performed to suspecting dysphagia. Results. The study included 266 patients with a mean age of 82.35±12.3 years, and with a mean Barthel index score of 20.5±25.4, and mean Charlson index of 1.77±1.6. The test was performed in 105 cases after stroke (40%), 53 in dementia (20%), 24 in Parkinsonism (9%), and for other different reasons in 80 (31%). Dysphagia was diagnosed in 228 (86%) cases. Enteral nutrition was given in 25 (10.9%) cases. The test results were shown in the discharge report in 45% of the tests with positive result. The mean survival obtained after test in the patients who died was 230.8±256.5 days. Differences in survival at 12 months were found in patients with positive test, without finding a clear relationship with functional status and comorbidity. Conclusions. Dysphagia has a significant mortality, and the use of thickeners after its detection should be properly reported


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Dementia/complications , Dementia/epidemiology , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Stroke/complications , Stroke/epidemiology , Deglutition Disorders/diet therapy , Gastrostomy/methods , Prospective Studies , Thickeners , Risk Factors , Spain , Survival Rate , Deglutition Disorders , Geriatrics , Mortality
2.
Semergen ; 44(3): 168-173, 2018 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28457769

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is one of the lesser known geriatric syndromes, despite its enormous impact on functional capacity, quality of life, and health of those affected. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive and prospective study was conducted by the Geriatric Department of Barbastro Hospital (Huesca), from March 2012 to October 2014, as biannual and annual reviews in October 2015. This study included all patients on whom a volume-viscosity clinical examination (MECV-V test) was performed to suspecting dysphagia. RESULTS: The study included 266 patients with a mean age of 82.35±12.3 years, and with a mean Barthel index score of 20.5±25.4, and mean Charlson index of 1.77±1.6. The test was performed in 105 cases after stroke (40%), 53 in dementia (20%), 24 in Parkinsonism (9%), and for other different reasons in 80 (31%). Dysphagia was diagnosed in 228 (86%) cases. Enteral nutrition was given in 25 (10.9%) cases. The test results were shown in the discharge report in 45% of the tests with positive result. The mean survival obtained after test in the patients who died was 230.8±256.5 days. Differences in survival at 12 months were found in patients with positive test, without finding a clear relationship with functional status and comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Dysphagia has a significant mortality, and the use of thickeners after its detection should be properly reported.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Quality of Life , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Deglutition Disorders/epidemiology , Deglutition Disorders/mortality , Dementia/complications , Dementia/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Spain , Stroke/complications , Stroke/epidemiology , Survival Rate
3.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 43(3): 182-188, abr. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-162548

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La sedación, como medida terapéutica utilizada en el ámbito de los Cuidados Paliativos, sigue presentando para muchos profesionales dificultad en su manejo e indicaciones. Es muy variada la bibliografía existente en este sentido, muchas veces exclusiva de los pacientes oncológicos. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las características de los pacientes atendidos por un Equipo de Soporte para Atención Domiciliaria que precisaron sedación frente a los no sedados, para determinar posibles factores condicionantes de la misma que puedan ayudar en la toma de decisiones. Método. Estudio analítico prospectivo realizado en el sector sanitario de Barbastro (Huesca) desde septiembre del año 2007 hasta febrero del año 2011. La población a estudio fueron los pacientes derivados al Equipo de Soporte para Atención Domiciliaria de Barbastro. Variables principales. Edad, sexo, antecedentes médicos, síntomas, Barthel previo y actual, Karnofsky, cuidador principal, fármacos previos, fármacos tras intervención, sedación sí/no. Resultado. Requirieron sedación el 16,6% (n=106) de los casos (N=638). Los pacientes sedados fueron más jóvenes, sin diferencias por sexo. Un 83% fueron oncológicos. La presencia de metástasis no mostró diferencias respecto a la necesidad de sedación. Los pacientes sedados presentaron un mayor declive funcional, determinado mediante un descenso en el índice de Barthel y un peor Karnofsky. Los pacientes sedados mostraron una mayor frecuencia de síntomas no controlados, con excepción de agitación psicomotriz, hecho determinado por las medicaciones usadas pre y postintervención. Conclusiones. La presencia de enfermedad oncológica, con existencia de declive funcional marcado, clínica no controlada y necesidad de determinadas medicaciones para el control de la sintomatología pueden determinar la necesidad de sedación al final del proceso, por encima de otros factores como la comorbilidad del paciente (AU)


Introduction. Sedation, used as a therapeutic measure in the field of Palliative Care, continues to present difficulties for many professionals in its management and indications. Is varied existing literature in this regard, often exclusive cancer patients. Our objective is to analyse the characteristics of patients attended by a Home Care Support Team who required sedation compared to non-sedated patients, for possible determining factors for its use that could help in decision-making. Method. A prospective analytical study conducted in Barbastro (Huesca) from September 2007 to February 2011. The study population are patients referred to the Home Care Support Team of Barbastro. Main variables. Age, sex, medical history, symptoms, previous and current Barthel, Karnofsky, primary caregiver, previous drugs, drugs after intervention, sedation yes/no. Results. Required sedation 16.6% (n=106) of the cases (N=638). Sedated patients were younger, with no differences in sex, and the large majority (83%) were oncology patients. The presence of metastases showed no differences in need for sedation. Sedated patients have an increased functional impairment, determined by Barthel index decreased and a worse Karnofsky. Sedated patients showed increased frequency of uncontrolled symptoms, except psychomotor agitation, a fact determined by the medications used pre- and post-intervention. Conclusions. The presence of neoplastic disease, marked with existence of functional decline, and uncontrolled clinical need for certain medications to control symptoms may determine the need for sedation at the end of the process, above other factors such as patient comorbidity (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Conscious Sedation , Causality , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Palliative Care/methods , Home Care Services, Hospital-Based/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies
4.
Semergen ; 43(3): 182-188, 2017 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27445225

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Sedation, used as a therapeutic measure in the field of Palliative Care, continues to present difficulties for many professionals in its management and indications. Is varied existing literature in this regard, often exclusive cancer patients. Our objective is to analyse the characteristics of patients attended by a Home Care Support Team who required sedation compared to non-sedated patients, for possible determining factors for its use that could help in decision-making. METHOD: A prospective analytical study conducted in Barbastro (Huesca) from September 2007 to February 2011. The study population are patients referred to the Home Care Support Team of Barbastro. MAIN VARIABLES: Age, sex, medical history, symptoms, previous and current Barthel, Karnofsky, primary caregiver, previous drugs, drugs after intervention, sedation yes/no. RESULTS: Required sedation 16.6% (n=106) of the cases (N=638). Sedated patients were younger, with no differences in sex, and the large majority (83%) were oncology patients. The presence of metastases showed no differences in need for sedation. Sedated patients have an increased functional impairment, determined by Barthel index decreased and a worse Karnofsky. Sedated patients showed increased frequency of uncontrolled symptoms, except psychomotor agitation, a fact determined by the medications used pre- and post-intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of neoplastic disease, marked with existence of functional decline, and uncontrolled clinical need for certain medications to control symptoms may determine the need for sedation at the end of the process, above other factors such as patient comorbidity.


Subject(s)
Home Care Services , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Neoplasms/therapy , Palliative Care/methods , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Caregivers , Decision Making , Female , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects , Karnofsky Performance Status , Male , Neoplasms/pathology , Prospective Studies , Psychomotor Agitation/epidemiology , Spain
5.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 23(3): 135-140, mayo-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-153263

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de uso de analgésicos en pacientes terminales atendidos en domicilio, analizando factores que pudieran intervenir en la percepción del dolor, además de las actuaciones llevadas a cabo. Material y métodos: Estudio analítico prospectivo e intervencional con pacientes derivados al Equipo de Soporte para Atención Domiciliaria (ESAD) de Barbastro. Variables estudiadas: edad, sexo, número de visitas, tiempo de seguimiento, presencia de dolor y de otros síntomas concomitantes, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), diagnóstico, analgésicos previos y post-intervención, dosis media previa de analgésicos y post-intervención. Estudio estadístico con SPSS 15.0. Resultados: n = 638, 53,9 % hombres (n = 344), edad media 79,64 ± 10,8 años, 56 % oncológicos (n = 357), seguimiento medio 56 ± 56,56 días, media de 2,68 ± 2,5 visitas por proceso. Dolor en primera visita 43,3 % (n = 276), EVA media 6,54 ± 1,87, dolor 47,1 % de hombres (n = 162) y 38,8 % de mujeres (n = 114) (p < 0,05), dolor en 56,6 % de oncológicos (n = 202) y en 26,3 % de crónico-dependientes (n = 74) (p < 0,001). No diferencias en EVA entre grupos. Entre analgésicos pautados en pacientes con dolor controlado y sin controlar previa intervención del ESAD encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,005) en morfina y tramadol, y con mayor significación (p < 0,001) en fentanilo transdérmico y transmucosa, paracetamol, metamizol y AINE, todos más frecuentes en dolor no controlado. Las dosis medias previas de todos estos fármacos no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos, aunque eran mayores en el grupo de dolor no controlado. En estos, se pautan o modifican analgésicos, encontrándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas pre-post intervención (p < 0,001) en fentanilo transdérmico y transmucosa, tramadol, paracetamol, metamizol, AINE, pregabalina y con p < 0,05 en gabapentina. Se obtiene diferencias (p < 0,05) únicamente en las dosis posteriores a la actuación del ESAD en fentanilo transdérmico y codeína. Obtenemos correlaciones positivas entre dolor y anorexia, ansiedad, depresión e insomnio; en pacientes oncológicos entre dolor y ansiedad e insomnio, y en pacientes crónico-dependientes entre dolor, náuseas y depresión. No diferencias entre grupos en uso previo de benzodiacepinas, antidepresivos y otros tratamientos, aunque sí en clínica de depresión, ansiedad e insomnio. Tras intervención, diferencias significativas en uso de estos tratamientos y de sedación. Conclusiones: Tras la actuación del ESAD se puede apreciar el aumento progresivo de todas las medicaciones analgésicas; se debería realizar una valoración completa de la sintomatología del paciente y un tratamiento de síntomas multifactorial, además de interrogar al paciente de forma adecuada acerca de la presencia de síntomas asociados, dada la elevada correlación de los mismos (AU)


Objectives: To determine the frequency of use of analgesics in terminal patients attended in home, and factors that may be involved in pain perception, in addition to the interventions carried out. Methods: prospective, interventional and analytical study in patients attended to Homecare Support Team (HSCT) of Barbastro. Variables studied: age, sex, number of visits, time tracking, presence of pain and other concomitant symptoms, Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), diagnosis, analgesics previous and post-intervention, previous and post-intervention average dose of analgesics. Statistical study with SPSS 15.0. Results: n = 638, men 53.9 % (n = 344), mean age 10.8 ± 79.64 years, cancer patient 56 % (n = 357), mean follow-up time 56 ± 56.56 days, 2.5 ± 2.68 mean visits per process. Pain in first visit 43.3 % (n = 276), mean VAS 6.54 ± 1.87, pain 47.1 % of men (n = 162) and 38.8 % of women (n = 114) (p < 0.05), pain in oncology 56.6 % (n = 202) and 26.3 % of non-cancer patients (n = 74) (p < 0.001). No differences between groups in VAS. Before intervention by HCST we found statistically significant differences (p < 0.005) on morphine and tramadol, and greater significance (p < 0.001) in transdermal and transmucosal fentanyl, paracetamol, metamizol and NSAIDs, all more common in uncontrolled pain. Previous mean doses of all these drugs showed no significant differences between groups, although they were higher in the group of uncontrolled pain. In these, analgesics were prescribed or modified, being statistically significant difference pre-post-intervention (p < 0.001) in transdermal and transmucosal fentanyl, tramadol, paracetamol, metamizol, NSAIDs, pregabalin and with p < 0.05 in gabapentin. Was obtained difference (p < 0.05) in mean dose only in transdermal fentanyl and codeine dose post-intervention of HCST. We obtain positive correlations between pain and anorexia, anxiety, depression and insomnia; in cancer patients between pain and anxiety and insomnia, and non-cancer patients between pain, nausea and depression. No differences between groups in previous use of benzodiazepines, antidepressants and other treatments; there was differences in depression, anxiety and insomnia. After intervention, we obtain significant differences in use of these treatments and sedation. Conclusions: after intervention of HCST there was gradual increase of all analgesic; it should conduct a full assessment of the patient’s symptoms and treatment of multifactorial symptoms in addition to questioning the patient adequately about the presence of associated symptoms, given the high correlation of them (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Controlled Before-After Studies/methods , Controlled Before-After Studies/trends , Pain Management/instrumentation , Pain Management/methods , Pain Management , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Pain Perception , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Terminal Care/methods , Terminal Care , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Acetaminophen/therapeutic use , Tramadol/therapeutic use , Dipyrone/therapeutic use
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