ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the major cause of end-stage liver disease (LD) worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess sustained virological response (SVR) rates in a real-world cohort of patients with HCV infection treated with interferon-free direct antiviral agents (DAA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with genotypes 1, 2 or 3 HCV infection who started interferon-free treatment at a university hospital from December 2015 through July 2017 were included. The primary outcome was SVR at post-treatment week 12 by intention-to-treat (ITT) and modified ITT (mITT) analysis. RESULTS: Five hundred twenty seven patients were enrolled, 51.6% with cirrhosis. Most patients received sofosbuvir + daclatasvir + ribavirin (60.7%) and sofosbuvir + simeprevir (25.6%). Overall SVR rates were 90.5% for ITT and 96% for mITT. SVR rates were higher in non-cirrhotic (94.2% in ITT and 96.8% in mITT) versus cirrhotic patients (87.1% in ITT and 95.2% in mITT). In ITT and mITT assessments, SVR rates were higher in patients with Child-Pugh A (n = 222, 88.7% and 95.7%, respectively) versus Child-Pugh B or C (n = 40, 80% and 90%, respectively); SVR rates were higher in patients with genotype 1 (n = 405, 92.1% and 98.2%), followed by genotype 2 (n = 13, 84.6% and 92.7%) and genotype 3 (n = 109, 84.4% and 88.4%). Lower comorbidity index (p = 0.0014) and absence of cirrhosis (p = 0.0071) were associated with SVR. Among cirrhotic patients, lower Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (p = 0.0258), higher albumin (p = 0.0015), and higher glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.0366) were related to SVR. Twenty-two cirrhotic patients (8%) had clinical liver decompensation during treatment. Complications of advanced LD were responsible for discontinuation of treatment and death in 12 and 7 patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: Treatment with all-oral DAA achieved high SVR rates, particularly in patients without cirrhosis and few comorbidities. Advanced LD is associated to poor outcome, such as treatment failure and death.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Administration, Oral , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Interactions , Female , Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Safety , Treatment Failure , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de oferecer aos estudantes de graduação em Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) a vivência de ações de saúde pública, segundo princípios do Sistema Unico de Saúde (SUS), por meio da elaboração de um projeto coletivo de promoção da saúde ocular de crianças de 0 a 7 anos. Para isto, foi aplicado um questionário para levantar as necessidades em relação à saúde ocular em uma amostra da população usuária do Centro de Saúde Jardim Santa Mônica em Campinas (SP), em 2003. Nele, percebeu-se a falta de informações sobre cuidados básicos com os olhos e de recursos e qualificação profissional para diagnóstico e tratamento, bem como o desconhecimento dos direitos à saúde e a ausência de medidas preventivas, principalmente para crianças. Foi desenvolvido, então, um projeto de ação e aprendizado com alunos, professores, agentes comunitários de saúde e auxiliares de uma creche do bairro, formando uma equipe de trabalho. Foram realizadas oficinas com essa equipe, na perspectiva da promoção e proteção da saúde ocular. Para a sustentabilidade do projeto, o planejamento previu a criação de um banco de óculos para a doação de armações e garantia da confecção para as pessoas com dificuldades financeiras. A experiência da construção e da aplicação do projeto permitiu o conhecimento, na prática, da organização dos serviços e a dinâmica do sistema de saúde, inclusive para compreender alguns limites e sugerir políticas públicas de saúde ocular que correspondam às necessidades da população, apontando-se o papel do médico no desencadeamento de um trabalho coletivo de compartilhamento de saberes e responsabilidades.
The goal of this project was to promote eye health and provide eye care to children from 0 to 7 years of age and to offer to medical students of Unicamp the possibility of participating in practice in a public health action carried out according to the principles of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS - Sistema Unico de Saúde). In 2003, a questionnaire was applied to a sample of users of the Jardim Santa Mônica Health Care Center in Campinas, SP. Analysis of the data there obtained revealed some deficiencies in the promotion of eye health such as lack of information about basic eye care, lack of resources for treatment, lack of information about the right to care by the Unified Health System and the absence of any preventive measures, mainly for children. Thus, a project was developed offering workshops for students, teachers, community health agents and personnel from a neighborhood nurser y-school to enable them to act as multipliers of the obtained knowledge and to initiate a process of awareness building. A spectacle bank was created in order to grant the sustainability of the project, offering the confection of eye glasses with frames donated by the population and lenses offered by the city government and some optic stores to needed persons. Through this experience the medical students could obtain some practical knowledge about the organization of health services and the dynamics of the health system, enabling them to understand some limitations and to suggest public eye health policies meeting the needs of the population. A closer study of this project shows not only how important this kind of action is for the most needed segments of society but also the role a doctor can play as someone able to convince people to go for their rights.
