ABSTRACT
Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy among women. Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil, known as yerba mate, is widely consumed in southern Brazil as a hot infusion drink known as chimarrão. This herb has a complex chemical composition and is rich in antioxidants, which may interfere in the course of chronic inflammatory diseases as breast cancer. This study investigated the impact of chimarrão consumption on the clinicopathological profile of women with breast cancer attended at Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Paraná, Brazil. Blood antioxidants and caffeine profiles were assessed. Decreases in reduced glutathione and metallothionein levels, and increase in catalase activity were observed among breast cancer patients that were chimarrão consumers. The levels of circulating caffeine in breast cancer patients with luminal A tumors were higher than those in patients with luminal B and HER-2 subtypes. Furthermore, overweight patients presented higher caffeine levels than the eutrophic ones. It was found positive associations between chimarrão intake and high body mass index, and chimarrão intake and menopause at diagnosis. Altogether, these findings suggest that chimarrão consumption affects the blood antioxidants of breast cancer patients, and that the caffeine present in this mixture may favor the development of tumor of good prognosis. HIGHLIGHTS: Chimarrão consumption may affect the course of chronic inflammatory diseases, as breast cancer. Chimarrão intake changed blood antioxidants in breast cancer patients who were current consumers when compared to the non-consumers ones. High levels of caffeine were detected in patients bearing luminal A tumors, suggesting a protective role.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Caffeine/therapeutic use , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , PrognosisABSTRACT
Salminus brasiliensis is a migratory fish that has attracted considerable interest for aquaculture. Several procedures for induced spawning are known; however, there is a lack of protocol which enables the use of cryopreserved semen. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the use of cryopreserved semen using different volumes of cryopreserved semen relative to oocytes, different activators solutions and different maintenance time during the fertilization of dourado to evaluate the impact of these parameters on the fertilization rate. The semen was collected, cryopreserved in 0.5mL straws and stored in a dry shipper. Oocytes samples were fertilized according to each treatment. The different activator solutions and the contact times of the gametes with activators affected significantly the fertilization rates, which ranged between 13.4 and 27.8%, while fresh semen fertility rate was 80.8%. The relationship between oocyte and cryopreserved semen was significant, being the best ratio 0.05mL of cryopreserved semen per 10g of oocytes, while upper or lower volumes promoted a reduction in fertilization. The use of cryopreserved semen was effective to fertilize S. brasiliensis oocytes, however produced lower fertility rate than fresh semen.
O dourado, Salminus brasiliensis, é um peixe migrador que tem despertado interesse para piscicultura. Os procedimentos convencionais para a sua reprodução são conhecidos, contudo, falta um protocolo para o uso do sêmen criopreservado. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar diferentes volumes de sêmen criopreservado, ouso de diferentes soluções ativadoras e com diferentes tempos de contato do sêmen com os ovócitos na taxa de fertilização. Para tal, o sêmen foi coletado e criopreservado em palhetas de 0,5mL em vapor de nitrogênio líquido. Amostras de ovócitos foram fertilizadas conforme os distintos tratamentos. As diferentes soluções testadas e o tempo de contato dos ativadores afetaram significativamente as taxas de fertilização, com valores que variaram entre 13,4 e 27,8%, enquanto o sêmen fresco propiciou 80,8% de taxa de fertilização. O volume de sêmen criopreservado afetou a taxa de fertilização dos ovos, sendo 0,05mL para 10g de ovócitos, o que promoveu os melhores resultados, sendo que volumes superiores e inferiores promoveram redução na fertilização. O uso de sêmen criopreservado foi efetivo na fertilização dos ovócitos de dourado, no entanto, foram obtidas taxas de fertilização inferiores àquelas observadas com o uso de sêmen fresco.
