ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The concentration and specific activity of N-acetyl-ß-hexosaminidase (HEX) in palatine tonsils with chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy give insight in tonsillar tissue remodeling and constitute a potential marker for diagnosis and treatment of chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy. AIM: Determining the concentration and specific activity of N-acetyl-ß-hexosaminidase in palatine tonsils with hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis. METHODS: HEX activity was analyzed by the method of Marciniak et al. with p-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-ß-glucosaminepyranoside as a substrate. RESULTS: The concentration and specific activity of HEX in palatine tonsils in patients with tonsillar hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis both in childhood and adulthood significantly increase in comparison to healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the presence of HEX in palatine tonsils and indicate on significant increase of its concentration and specific activity. Based on content and specific HEX activity we suggest that tonsils with hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis should be treated as identical unit irrespectively of age.
Subject(s)
Hypertrophy/enzymology , Palatine Tonsil/enzymology , Tonsillitis/enzymology , beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases/metabolism , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Biomarkers/metabolism , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
The effects of oxidative stress on collagen and DNA biosynthesis, beta-galactosidase activity, the expression of the beta-integrin receptor, FAK, the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP/ERK(1), ERK(2)) were evaluated in human endometrial carcinoma cells. Subconfluent cells were subjected to oxidative stress with 30 microM t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) for 1 h per day over the course of 5 days. It was found that oxidative stress contributed to an increase in the beta-galactosidase activity as well as to the inhibition of collagen and DNA biosynthesis. The mechanism of the process was found at the level of IGF-IR and HIF-1 alpha. An increase in the expression of HIF-1 alpha and a decrease in the expression of IGF-IR were observed in the cells subjected to oxidative stress. The role of IGF-IR signalling in the process was confirmed by an experiment showing downregulation of MAP kinases ERK(1) and ERK(2) expression in the studied cells. This phenomenon is probably responsible for the drastic inhibition of protein (up to 40 % of control) and DNA biosynthesis (up to 65 % of control) in the cells. An addition of tiliroside to the cells medium restored all parameters to the control level, including IGF-IR and HIF-1 alpha expressions. The data suggest that the antioxidative activity of tiliroside isolated from Potentilla argentea may originate at the level of IGF-IR and HIF-1 alpha signalling.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Potentilla/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Cell Line, Tumor , Collagen/biosynthesis , DNA/biosynthesis , Down-Regulation , Endometrial Neoplasms/drug therapy , Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism , Female , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Humans , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/metabolism , Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1/metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plant Components, Aerial , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Signal Transduction/drug effects , beta-Galactosidase/metabolism , tert-ButylhydroperoxideABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the activity of the lysosomal exoglycosidases: alpha-mannosidase (MAN), alpha-fucosidase (FUC), and beta-glucuronidase (GLUCUR) in serum of alcohol-dependent men supplemented and not supplemented with borage oil enriched with vitamin E. Serum was collected from eight social drinkers and 16 alcohol-dependent men after a drinking period. The activity of exoglycosidases and the concentration of protein in serum were determined. The increase in specific activity of MAN and GLUCUR was significant in serum of alcohol-dependent men both not supplemented and supplemented with borage oil enriched with vitamin E, in comparison with the specific activity in serum of social drinkers. In serum of alcohol-dependent men treated with borage oil enriched with vitamin E, specific activity of MAN and GLUCUR fluctuated in comparison with alcohol-dependent men not supplemented. Specific activity of FUC in serum of alcohol-dependent men both not supplemented and supplemented with borage oil enriched with vitamin E showed a tendency to increase, in comparison with social drinkers. Specific activity of FUC had a tendency to decrease in serum of alcohol-dependent men supplemented with borage oil enriched with vitamin E, in comparison with alcohol-dependent men not supplemented. Thus, supplementation of alcohol-dependent men after a long-lasting drinking period with borage oil and vitamin E did not change the rate of catabolism of the oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates, as evaluated by serum activity of exoglycosidases.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/drug therapy , Borago/chemistry , Glycoside Hydrolases/blood , Lysosomes/metabolism , Plant Oils/therapeutic use , Vitamin E/therapeutic use , gamma-Linolenic Acid/therapeutic use , Alcoholism/blood , Alcoholism/enzymology , Dietary Supplements , Humans , Male , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Vitamin E/pharmacology , gamma-Linolenic Acid/pharmacologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To compare N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase (HEX) activity in the serum and urine of smokers as well as non-smokers with renal cancer, and healthy people. DESIGN AND METHODS: To assess hexosaminidase activity the level of p-nitrophenol released from p-nitrophenol derivatives was measured. RESULTS: The activity of enzyme was significantly higher in cancer group, with the highest activity in non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking can inhibit, by the influence on HEX activity, catabolism of oligosaccharide chains in cancer tissues.
