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1.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 130(20): 761-6, 2008 May 31.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18579028

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance and the usefulness of an in vitro interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in immunocompromised hospital-based population. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A cohort of 445 high-risk adults from a hospital located in an intermediate tuberculosis burden area were prospectively evaluated for latent tuberculosis by means of the whole blood in vitro QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay (QTF), measuring tuberculosis-specific interferon gamma release by memory-effector T lymphocytes. RESULTS: Overall the test displayed a positive result in 15.43% patients. Among the different risk groups, hemodialysis patients revealed the highest positive rates (30.23%). Indeterminate results (10.19% on the whole) were more often seen in neoplastic (18.03%) patients and in patients with autoimmune disease (17%). In 291 patients in whom QTF and Mantoux were simultaneously performed, concordance was moderate (kappa = 0.4520) with a 76.8% agreement when Mantoux was negative (179/233) but reaching only 50% (29/58) when Mantoux positive patients were selected. CONCLUSIONS: QFT test is suitable for routine latent tuberculosis diagnosis in hospital-based immunocompromised patients. At least in some of them, i.e. hemodialysis and patients with autoimmune suppression, QFT adds valuable information for therapeutical decision-making. In Mantoux positive patients, it is very useful for ruling-out false positives due to BCG-vaccination and/or non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.


Subject(s)
Interferon-alpha/analysis , Interferon-alpha/biosynthesis , Lymphocytes/immunology , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Serologic Tests/methods
2.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 130(20): 761-766, mayo 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-66194

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVO: Evaluar la aplicabilidad en el medio hospitalario de una prueba de interferóngamma in vitro en respuesta a antígenos específicos, así como valorar su utilidad en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis latente en pacientes con alto riesgo de reactivación tuberculosa.PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo y prospectivo realizado en una cohorte de pacientes hospitalariosformada por 445 adultos seleccionados por pertenecer a grupos de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedad tuberculosa activa, procedentes de una región con una incidencia intermedia de tuberculosis activa declarada en la población general. Se realizó una prueba deproducción de interferón gamma in vitro en sangre total tras estimulación específica de antígeno, denominada QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay (QTF), que valora la respuesta de los linfocitos T efectores de memoria, específicos de tuberculosis.RESULTADOS: La prueba fue positiva en el 15,43% de los casos. El mayor número de positivos (30,23%) se observó entre los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Los resultados indeterminados (un 10,19% en total) fueron más frecuentes en pacientes con enfermedades neoplásicas y autoinmunitarias (el 18,03 y el 17%, respectivamente). En 291 casos en que se realizó simultáneamente la intradermorreacción de Mantoux, la concordancia fue moderada (kappa = 0,4520), con un 76,8% de acuerdo en caso de Mantoux negativo (179/233), pero sólo del 50% (29/58) cuando el Mantoux fue positivo.CONCLUSIONES: La prueba QTF puede aplicarse habitualmente en el medio hospitalario para eldiagnóstico de tuberculosis latente en pacientes inmunodeprimidos. Al menos en algunos de éstos (pacientes en hemodiálisis, con enfermedades autoinmunitarias) aporta información adicionalmuy valiosa a la hora de tomar decisiones terapéuticas. En pacientes con Mantoux positivo es muy útil para descartar falsos positivos debidos a vacunación antituberculosa y/o infección por micobacterias atípicas


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance and the usefulness of an in vitro interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in immunocompromisedhospital-based population.PATIENTS AND METHOD: A cohort of 445 high-risk adults from a hospital located in an intermediatetuberculosis burden area were prospectively evaluated for latent tuberculosis by means of the whole blood in vitro QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay (QTF), measuring tuberculosis-specific interferon gamma release by memory-effector T lymphocytes.RESULTS: Overall the test displayed a positive result in 15.43% patients. Among the different risk groups, hemodialysis patients revealed the highest positive rates (30.23%). Indeterminate results (10.19% on the whole) were more often seen in neoplastic (18.03%) patients and in patients with autoimmune disease (17%). In 291 patients in whom QTF and Mantoux were simultaneously performed, concordance was moderate (kappa = 0.4520) with a 76.8% agreement when Mantoux was negative (179/233) but reaching only 50% (29/58) when Mantoux positive patients were selected.CONCLUSIONS: QFT test is suitable for routine latent tuberculosis diagnosis in hospital-based immunocompromised patients. At least in some of them, i.e. hemodialysis and patients with autoimmunesuppression, QFT adds valuable information for therapeutical decision-making. In Mantoux positive patients, it is very useful for ruling-out false positives due to BCG-vaccination and/or non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Interferon-gamma , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/complications , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Intradermal Tests/methods , Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects
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