ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Metastases from colorectal adenocarcinomas can be histologically similar to serous, mucinous and endometrioid ovarian adenocarcinomas. The differentiation between primary and metastatic ovarian tumours is of great importance for the patients because of the different treatment and prognosis. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine whether the differences in the expression of Cytokeratin 7, Cytokeratin 20, Beta catenin and CDX2 can be used to distinguish the different types of carcinomas and their metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The immunohistochemical expression of the listed above antibodies was examined retrospectively and prospectively in 38 colorectal adenocarcinomas (primary and metastatic) and 32 ovarian adenocarcinomas (primary and metastatic). The metastases in both types of adenocarcinomas are located in the peritoneum. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical expression was evaluated using a semi-quantitative method. The ovarian adenocarcinomas are mostly positive for Cytokeratin 7 (in 63%), while colorectal carcinomas are mostly positive for Cytokeratin 20 (in 73%). Regarding Beta catenin, in colorectal carcinomas the expression is mostly nuclear (in 65%) and in ovarian carcinomas mostly membrane (in 68%). In cases of uncertain expression of the markers mentioned above, CDX2 was used. Positive nuclear expression was observed only in intestinal tumours (in 86%). CONCLUSION: For differential diagnosis between ovarian and colorectal adenocarcinomas, the use of antibodies, determining the intestinal differentiation of the tumours like Cytokeratin 20, Beta catenin and CDX2 is recommended.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Homeodomain Proteins/analysis , Keratin-20/analysis , Keratin-7/analysis , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Trans-Activators/analysis , beta Catenin/analysis , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antibodies/analysis , Antibodies/immunology , CDX2 Transcription Factor , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/secondary , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Homeodomain Proteins/immunology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Keratin-20/immunology , Keratin-7/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/secondary , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Trans-Activators/immunology , beta Catenin/immunologyABSTRACT
Uterine carcinosarcomas are highly aggressive malignant tumours, consisting of both epithelial and mesenchymal components. They represent 1-3% of the malignant uterine neoplasms. Their histogenesis is unclear. Because of their rarity and the very few clinical data available, the studies of potential therapeutic goals are scarce. We present clinical and pathohistological description of a rare case of a 76-year-old woman with a uterine carcinosarcoma with a chondroid differentiation, examined immunohistochemically with Cytokeratin, Vimentin and S-100 protein.
Subject(s)
Carcinosarcoma/pathology , Keratins/analysis , S100 Proteins/analysis , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology , Uterus/pathology , Vimentin/analysis , Aged , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Keratins/immunology , S100 Proteins/immunology , Vimentin/immunologyABSTRACT
CDX2 is a nuclear transcribing factor, important for the development and differentiation of the bowels. According to the recent publications, CDX2 expression is immunochystochemisry detector in the normal enterocytes of the bowels and is normally met in the most, but not at all colorectal carcinomas. Two homeostatic genes are detected at people CDX1 u CDX2. We present examination of CDX2 expression at 15 adenomas and 30 colorectal carcinomas. All the adenomas are positive for CDX2, 27 /90%/ of the adenocarcinomas show nuclear expression of CDX2.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Intestines/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Patients with metastatic carcinomas with unclear primary tumor site are often clinical and pathological problem. They are diagnosed in about 3-65 of the cases with solid tumors. In 60% of cases the reason is adenocarcinomas. The most frequent reason for peritoneal carcinomas at women is the ovarian cancer. In such cases we must exclude the probability of colorectal cancer. In fact there are not international standards for prove the origin of adenocarcinomas; different research groups use different criteria. We present the use of four antibodies--Cytokeratin 7 and 20, Beta cathenin and CDX2 and define their positiveness at metastases from different groups of adenocarcinomas in the peritoneum.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/immunology , CDX2 Transcription Factor , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Keratin-20/genetics , Keratin-20/metabolism , Keratin-7/genetics , Keratin-7/metabolism , Male , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , Peritoneum/pathology , beta Catenin/genetics , beta Catenin/metabolismABSTRACT
Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) from Bacillus thuringiensis (0.11 units per ml) inhibited growth of IC-Sofia carcinoma cell line in culture by 64%. The growth of transplanted carcinoma in hamsters was also inhibited by 29% at a dose of 4.9 units of PIPLC/kg animal/day. In addition, degeneration processes and a significant fibrosis of the tumour occurred. The functional, clinical, biochemical and haematological parameters studied were consistent with the established antitumour effect in vivo.
