[Radiofrequency thermal ablation and its comlications in complex treatment of patients with liver cancer].

An analysis of efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is presented in this article in 55 patients with liver cancer (82 interventions). According to the data of ultrasound investigations and computer tomography taken after 12 months from the first procedure, there weren't noted the growth of foci, which were subjected to RFA. Recurrent sessions using RFA were carried out on liver tumors in 6 patients after 3-11 months because of big size of primary lesion or newly revealed liver metastases. The cumulative one-year survival consisted of 88,2+/-7,9%, two-year survival - 68,0+/-14,1%.

[Diagnostics and treatment of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism].

The experience of treatment of 41 patients (aged 32-67 years) was presented in the article. The duration of disease was 2-5 years. Primary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in 16 patients and secondary--in 25. Diagnostics of the disease included clinical methods of treatment; studying levels of general and ionized calcium, phosphorus, parathormone; an ultrasound of thyroid and parathyroid glands, the substratum scintigraphy. All patients were undergone the operation. Adenomas of parathyroid glands were removed in the case of primary hyperparathyroidism including mini-access. Hyperplastic parathyroid glands (31/2) were disposed in the case of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Good immediate and long-term results were obtained.

[The system of intraoperative and perioperative safety in surgical treatment of benign diseases of the thyroid gland].

The system of safe interventions on the thyroid gland was developed on the basis of experiences with surgical treatment of 2255 patients with diffuse toxic goiter, 437--with nodular toxic goiter, 1377--with nodular nontoxic goiter, 123--with autoimmune thyroiditis and 937--with recurrent goiter. The system includes measures in the preoperative period, those during operation and the postoperative rehabilitation of the patients. This system allowed shortening of the period of preoperative preparation, decrease of blood loss, and less number of postoperative complications.

[Optimization of the operative access for reduction of intraoperative trauma in surgical treatment of gastric cancer].

Results of treatment of 100 patients with gastric cancer who were subjected to gastrectomy with M. Z. Sigal's and A. I. Lisin's retractor are described. In 50 of them an additional glass of the authors' construction was used. A comparative analysis has shown that the additional glass gives the optimal spatial interrelations in the wound, reduces the length of the laparotomy incision, prevents postoperative complications and thus shortens the time of operative interventions, relieves the severity of the operative trauma, minimizes the untraoperative blood loss, decreases the number of postoperative complications.

[Analysis of tear enzymes in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice associated with subhepatic cholestasis].

The activity of enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and leicine aminopeptidase, was found to be increased in the serum and tear of 28 patients with obstructive jaundice. In malignant tumor-induced jaundice, the activity of the enzymes, the indicators of cholestasis, was higher than that in obstructive jaundice caused by extrahepatic bile duct calculi. A new method has been devised for noninvasive diagnosis of obstructive jaundice from tear enzyme immunoassay. The method is simple, reliable, and usable at a clinical laboratory.

[Principles of treatment of nonparasitic cysts of the liver].

A comparative investigation of different methods of treatment of nonparasitic cysts of the liver was carried out in 104 patients aged from 21 through 74 years with sizes of the cysts from 6 to 21 cm in diameter, divided into three groups. The first group included 50 patients who were subjected to open operations (segmentectomy, bisegmentectomy, fenestration of the cysts with treatment of the residual inner lining with ethanol, diathermocoagulation or cryodestruction). Laparoscopic fenestration and chemical or thermal treatment of the cysts were used in the second group of 29 patients, in the third group consisting of 25 patients a puncture-aspiration method was used under sonographic control. An analysis of the results showed advantages of laparoscopic and puncture methods that gave good immediate and long-term results, less number of postoperative complications and shorter periods of rehabilitation of the patients.

[A comparative assessment of results of operative treatment of great and giant postoperative ventral hernias].

An experience with operative treatment of 498 patients aged from 18 to 78 years with great and giant postoperative ventral hernias is presented. The patients were divided into several groups according to the kind of surgical intervention. An analysis of the nearest and long-term results (from 1 to 15 years) has shown that the fewer number of postoperative complications and recurrences was after using an additional strengthening of the abdominal wall tissues with split and full-thickness autoplastic skin grafts as well as polypropilene net. Autodermotransplants are highly effective in use, sufficient in organism.

[Means of reducing blood loss and volume of the used transfused media in operative treatment of burn lesions of the liver]. / Puti snizheniia velichiny krovopoteri i ob"ema ispol'zuemykh transfuzionnykh sred pri operativnom lechenii ochagovykh porazhenii pecheni.

An experience with surgical treatment of 77 patients with focal lesions of the liver is described. The patients were divided into two groups. In the main group (42 patients) the treatment-and-prophylactic method was used including acute isovolemic and hypervolemic hemodilution, preliminary preparation of autoblood, isolation and ligation of the vascular-secretory elements, the application for local hemostasis with Takhokomb of "Tissucol", gelatinous sponge with gentamycin. In the group of comparison the compression of the hepatoduodenal ligament, isolation of the vascular-secretory elements by digitoclasia method, suturing the liver stump with polysorb were used in resection of the liver. The strategy used in the main group allowed to reduce the volume of blood loss, to lessen the number of doses of the transfused donor blood, to diminish the number of postoperative complications by 30.5%. The used complex is effective, simple and is not expensive.

[Laboratory and clinical study of therapeutic efficacy of medicinal films for surgical procedures]. / Laboratorno-klinicheskoe issledovanie terapevticheskoi éffektivnosti lekarstvennykh plenok khirurgicheskogo naznacheniia.

An analysis of the experimental data showed that anesthetic medicinal films (AMFs) offer an effective medicinal form for the treatment of suppurative inflammatory disorders(SIDs) of soft tissues. The results of preclinical experiments with AMFs showed evidence of anesthetic, antimicrobial, and hemostatic effects. The therapeutic effect was established in the course of clinical investigations and confirmed by the results of cytological, histological, morphological, and bacteriological testing. The experimental data indicate that AMF application offers a promising means of SID treatment. Further development of this medicinal form must lead to an increase in the therapeutic efficacy, decrease the drug dose, and reduce the probability of side effects during the treatment of SIDs in soft tissues of various localization.

[Use of gelvisol in the preparation of patients with toxic goiter for surgery]. / Primenenie gel'visola dlia predoperatsionnoi podgotovki bol'nykh toksicheskim zobom.

Results of the application of gelvisol in 74 patients with toxic goiter enabled the author to recommend the drug to be included in the preoperative preparing of the patients along with other usual medication. The effect of gelvisol caused quicker normalization of functions of main organs and systems.

[Gelvisol as a symptomatic agent for treating generalized forms of malignant tumors]. / Gel'visol kak simptomaticheskoe sredstvo dlia lecheniia bol'nykh generalizovannymi formami zlokachestvennykh opukholei.

In the paper, the results of clinical applications of a complex peroral therapeutic solution--gelvisol for symptomatic treatment of generalized malignant tumors of the breast, lung and thyroid are summarized. The solution was administered in a dose of 50-60 ml 5-6 times a day during 12-14 days. A positive effect was manifested in the improved general condition of patients, better appetite, less intoxication of the organisms, better functioning of the liver and kidneys.

[Therapeutic effectiveness of gelvisol in acute hemorrhage]. / Lechebnaia effektivnost' gel'visola pri ostroi krovopotere.

The results of a comparative study of the effect of the gelvisol therapeutic solution for the peroral administration, elaborated by A. N. Filatov, L. G. Bogomolova, V. S. Suslova and I. G. Andrianova in 1971, upon the clinical course of acute blood loss are summed up in this article. Experimentally on 50 dogs it was shown that at the loss of 40% of CBV the hemodynamic effect of gelvisol administration exceeds that of intragastral administration of 5% glucose, but is not as good as intravenous gelatinol injection. In the clinic gelatinol has been used successfully in 50 cases of blood loss equal to 10-12 ml/kg of body weight. No complications due to the administration of the preparation are noted.

[Characteristics of blood coagulation and rational hemostatic therapy of acute gastroduodenal hemorrhage]. / Koagulologicheskaia kharakteristika i ratsional'naia gemostaticheskaia terapiia ostrykh gastroduodenal'nykh krovotechenii

The results of studies on the state of the coagulative and fibrinolytic system of blood in 78 patients with acute gastroduodenal hemorrhages are summarized. The causes of bleeding were as follows: ulcerous gastroduodenal disease -- in 38 cases, cancer of the stomach -- in 20, esophageal venous varices -- in 11 and erosive gastritis -- in 9. Some features of hemorrhage due to erosive gastritis, esophageal varices, ulcerous disease and gastric cancer are described.