ABSTRACT
Actual issues of an improvement of the medical aid delivery system in case of acute radiopathology in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The article provides information on characteristics of the stage system of medical aid delivery in case of acute radiologic traumas. The authors formulated main directions of improvement of the system under modern conditions. It is shown that as a basis of its improvement may be considered the complex of measures, including formation of standardized clinical recommendations (treatment protocols) on medical care delivery to the wounded at different stages of medical evacuation, expanding of possibilities of special medical aid delivery to patients with acute radiopathology, including formation of mobile reserves for deployment of specialized units under conditions of mass admission of patients with severe forms of radiopathology; renewal of the training system for medical specialists working in the field of acute radiopathology; implementation of information technologies; improvement of interdepartmental interaction on the problems of medical consequences after radiologic emergency situations in peacetime.
Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care , Education, Medical, Continuing , Health Personnel , Military Medicine , Military Personnel , Radiation Injuries/therapy , Transportation of Patients , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Education, Medical, Continuing/methods , Education, Medical, Continuing/organization & administration , Education, Medical, Continuing/standards , Female , Health Personnel/education , Health Personnel/organization & administration , Health Personnel/standards , Humans , Male , Military Medicine/education , Military Medicine/methods , Military Medicine/organization & administration , Military Medicine/standards , Russia , Transportation of Patients/methods , Transportation of Patients/organization & administration , Transportation of Patients/standardsABSTRACT
The estimation of efficiency of consecutive application of radioprotector B-190 and interleukin-1beta administered at early times after acute irradiation by studying the changes of the number of peripheral blood leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes, as well as cytochemical research into the contents of glycogen, myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase in neutrophils of the irradiated mice was carried out. It is established that administration of radioprotector B-190 at a doze of 50 mg/kg for 15 minutes before irradiation and interleukin-1beta at a doze of 50 mkg/kg for 15 minutes after irradiation reduces the expressiveness of post-irradiation leukopenia, accelerates restoration of the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes in peripheral blood, normalizes the functional status of neutrophils of irradiated mice to a greater degree than their isolated introduction.
Subject(s)
Interleukin-1beta/administration & dosage , Leukocytes/drug effects , Neutrophils/drug effects , Radiation-Protective Agents/administration & dosage , Animals , Leukocytes/radiation effects , Leukopenia/blood , Leukopenia/drug therapy , Lymphocyte Count , Mice , Neutrophils/radiation effectsABSTRACT
The study was aimed at evaluating the radioprotective effectiveness of beta-estradiol following its prophylactic administration in conditions of acute irradiation. Evaluation of the radioprotective efficiency was performed by studying the 30-day survival rate, life expectancy, the structure of irradiated mice death, the bone marrow hematopoiesis using the method of exogenous colony formation. The prophylactic use of beta-estradiol at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg 5 days before irradiation has been established to protect the exposed mice against radiation death induced by X-rays at doses LD50-90/30, thus increasing their survival rate by 17-58%, and to favor the reduced expression of post radiation disorders of bone marrow hematopoiesis.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow/radiation effects , Estradiol/administration & dosage , Hematopoiesis/drug effects , Hematopoiesis/radiation effects , Radiation-Protective Agents/administration & dosage , Animals , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Radiation Dosage , Survival Rate , Whole-Body Irradiation , X-Rays/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The purpose of the study is evaluation of radioprotective effectiveness of indometofen at its prophylactic administration in conditions of acute irradiation. Evaluation of radioprotective efficiency was performed by studying the 30-day survival rate, life expectancy, structure of deathly irradiated mice, and bone marrow hemopoiesis using methods of endogenous and exogenous colony formation. The prophylactic application of indometofen at doses 30 mg/kg for 5 days before irradiation has been observed to protect mice against radiation death induced by gamma or X-ray exposures at doses LD(50-70/30), increasing their survival rate by 16-44%, and reduce severity of post radiation disorders of bone marrow hemopoiesis.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/drug effects , Hematopoiesis/radiation effects , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology , Tamoxifen/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Bone Marrow/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Radiation Dosage , Tamoxifen/pharmacology , X-RaysABSTRACT
Medical antiradiation protection is one of the key factors determining fighting capacity of armies. The basis of medical protection in the countries of the NATO is made with the preparations used up to an irradiation (radioprotector WR-2721) and at the first time after radiating influence. The Russian system of antiradiation protection includes radioprotectors, drugs for prophylaxis and treatment of syndrome of primary reaction to an irradiation, means of early therapy of radiation injure, preparations for sorption and elimination of radionuclides, got in an organism.
Subject(s)
Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , Radiation Protection/methods , Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Military Medicine/methods , Radiation Injuries/drug therapy , Radiation-Protective Agents/administration & dosage , Radiation-Protective Agents/classification , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Actions of medical radiation protection of liquidators of consequences of on Chernobyl atomic power station accident are analysed. It is shown, that during the early period of the accident medical protection of liquidators was provided by administration of radioprotectors, means of prophylaxis: of radioactive iodine incorporation and agent for preventing psychological and emotional stress. When carrying out decontamination and regenerative works, preparations which action is caused by increase of nonspecific resistance of an organism were applied. The lessons taken from the results of the Chernobyl accident, have allowed one to improve the system of medical protection and to introduce in practice new highly effective radioprotective agents.
Subject(s)
Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , Radiation Protection/methods , Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Radiation Injuries/psychology , Radiation Protection/standards , Radiation-Protective Agents/administration & dosage , Stress, Psychological/drug therapy , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Tranquilizing Agents/administration & dosage , Tranquilizing Agents/therapeutic use , UkraineABSTRACT
The purpose of research was the experimental estimation of efficiency of consecutive application of a radioprotector B-190 and means of emergency therapy of radiating injury interleukin-1beta at acute irradiation. An estimation of treatment-and-prophylactic action of the given circuit of introduction of preparations carried out by studying 30 day-survival and average life expectancy of the lost animals, research of bone marrow hemopoiesis. It is established, that consecutive application of a radioprotector B-190 in a doze of 50 mg/kg for 15 mines up to an irradiation and interleukin-1beta in a doze of 50 mkg/kg through 15 mines after irradiating increases survival and prevents decrease in quantity of CFU-S9 at the irradiated mice in the greater degree, than their isolated introduction.
