[Changes in the proliferative activity of cells from lymphoid organs of tumor-bearing mice after immunization with antitumoral vaccines]. / Izmeneniia proliferativnoi aktivnosti kletok limfoidnykh organov myshei s opukhol'iu pri immunizatsii protivoopukholevymi vaktsinami.

The level of proliferative activity is studied in the cells of thymus, spleen and lymphoid nodes of mice with transplanted OH-2 tumour once- or thrice-immunized with vaccines from syngeneic tumour cells. Single immunization is shown to induce the short-term modulation of the proliferative processes in lymphoid organs and to increase somewhat the level of antitumour resistance of vaccinized mice. The triple-inoculation of vaccines evokes a more pronounced rise in the level of the proliferative activity in cells of lymphoid organs.

[Efficacy of experimental active specific immunotherapy and immunoprevention of malignant gliomas of the brain]. / Izuchenie éffektivnosti aktivnoi spetsificheskoi immunoterapii i immunoprofilaktiki zlokachestvennykh gliom golovnogo mozga v éksperimente.

The authors conducted experiments to study the efficacy of active specific immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis with tumor cell lysate obtained by means of metabolites of Bac. mesentericus AB-56 in inoculated malignant glioma of the brain. Active immunotherapy was found to produce the best effect in the early latent period of tumor growth. It was less effective when tumor cells were inoculated in large doses and when the treatment was applied late. The investigated method of tumor cell inactivation was not used previously in neuro-oncology.

[Use of preparations of microbial origin for stimulating antitumor resistance]. / Primenenie preparatov mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia dlia stimuliatsii protivoopukholevoi rezistentnosti.

Results of application of the preparations made of mycobacteria, clostridia, staphylococci and streptococci, lactobacteria, Salmonella, Streptomyces and other are analyzed. Researchers in different countries pay great attention to the antitumour activity of capsular and somatic antigens of a microbic cell, its separate anatomical structures, enzymes, lipids, polypeptides and especially polysaccharides. The action of bacterial preparations and factors restraining their application in clinical oncology are considered.

[Change in the activity of tumor cell antigens as affected by treatment of the cells with the metabolic products of Bac. mesentericus AB-56]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti antigenov kletok opukholei pri obrabotke ikh produktami metabolizma Bac. mesentericus AB-56.

Tumour cells (ascitic A/Sn mouse lymphosarcoma ON-2), treated by the Bac. mesentericus AB-56 metabolism products used for the production of antitumour autovaccines were analyzed for their antigenic properties. The reactions of precipitation in gel, zonal and oncoming immunoelectrophoresis, passive hemagglutination as well as cytotoxic, absorption and transplantation tests were used. A considerable number of soluble and insoluble antigens inherent in intact tumour cells were inactivated by the products of microbial metabolism in the process of antitumour vaccine production, and modified antigens which induce synthesis of humoral antibodies in the syngenic system appeared.

[Modification of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced blastomogenesis in BALB/c mice by using the subcellular components of Bac. megaterium H]. / Modifikatsiia blastomogeneza, indutsirovannogo 3-metilkholantrenom u myshei BALB/c, pri pomoshchi subkletochnykh komponentov Bac. megaterium H.

It is shown that the cytoplasm of Bac. megaterium H possessing the antigenic affinity with the malignant tumour cells, being injected 7 days before the 3-methylcholanthrene injection promotes intensification of its blastomogenic effect, reduces both the period of tumour appearance and longevity of the tumour-bearing animals. On the contrary the cell wall preparation under the similar conditions, produces a therapeutic effect. An assumption is advanced that the effect of these preparations is associated with their different influence on the immune system.

[Effect of Bac. megaterium H on tumor induction by methylcholanthrene]. / Vliianie Bac. megaterium H na induktsiiu opukholei metilkholantrenom.

It is shown that Bac megaterium H which has cross-reacting antigens with malignant tumour tissues may influence the time of appearance and growth of tumours, induced by 20-methylcholanthrene in BALB/c mice. The strengthening of tumour growth rate was most distinctly displayed if Bac. megaterium H was injected once 7 days before the methylcholanthrene inoculation.

[Corynebacteria--stimulators of antitumor resistance]. / Korinebakterii--stimuliatory protivoopukholevoi rezistentnosti.

The results of clinical and experimental studies with corynebacteria stimulation of antitumour resistance are described. It is shown that antitumour effect depends on the mode, dose and period of corynebacteria administration as well as on the stage of the tumour process. The mode of corynebacteria action is under discussion. There are doubts as to expediency of such a method of nonspecific immunotherapy of malignant tumours.

Experimental and clinical results of application of antitumor vaccines obtained by means of bacterial metabolism.

By means of metabolic products of the AB-56 strain of Bac. mesentericus it was possible to produce specific antitumor vaccines which both in experimental and clinical conditions proved to have prophylactic and therapeutic effects. 60-100% of the animals prophylactically immunized with these vaccines became resistant to a subsequent injection of living virulent cells, the percentage depending on the number of immunizations. The employment of similar autovaccines in the treatment of relapses and metastases in humans resulted in a 56% five-year survival of patients operated on for gastric cancer, in contrast to a 28% five-year survival of those without any vaccination.

[The effect of antitumor vaccine on the recurrence of solid tumors in mice subjected to surgery]. / Vliianie protivoopukholevoi vaktsiny na retsidivirovanie solidnykh novoobrazovanii u prooperirovannykh myshei.

The frequency of tumour recurrences in A/Sn mice with operated Ehrlich carcinomas and treated with lyophylized antitumour vaccine and trypan blue or both of them was investigated. The tumours in vaccinated mice relapsed by the 47th day after the operation in 10% of cases, in 50% of control animals, the injection of trypan blue increased the tumour recurrences by 20%. The antitumour effect of vaccination is associated with the enhancement of the activity of the cellular and humoral immune systems. The trypan blue inhibition of the macrophage function suppresses the antitumor activity of the immunity cellular components.

[Possible role of Bac. megaterium H antigens common with tumor antigens in the increase of the antitumor activity of lymphocytes]. / O vozmozhnoi roli obshchikh s opukholevymi antigenov mikrobnoi kul'tury Bac. megaterium H v povyshenii protivoopukholevoi aktivnosti limfotsitov.

The antitumour cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes is shown to increase both with inoculation of antigens contained in tumour cells and under the influence of microbial Bac. megaterium H., culture, its ultrasonic homogenate, cell walls and cytoplasmic preparation. Certain cytoplasmic fractions of Bac. megaterium H, like other microbial and tissue antigens having no similarity with tumour cells, did not produce such an effect. An assumption is advanced that the increase in the antitumour cytotoxicity of lymphocytes under the influence of Bac. megaterium H is due to the cross-reacting antigens contained in the microbial cell and blastoma tissue.