ABSTRACT
AgHBs incidence in various population groups from the Iasi region was relatively high in 1991, ranging from 3.8% in blood donors to 75.0% in patients with severe acute virus hepatitis. As compared to the incidence values recorded in 1973, 18 years ago, in the population of the same territory, some mutations were observed, the most important being the more then threefold reduction of the AgHBs incidence in blood donors. In subjects with liver diseases and in risk groups, the frequency of AgHBs carriers maintains at a high level.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Adult , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Child , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hepatitis B/immunology , Humans , Incidence , Risk Factors , Romania/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic StudiesSubject(s)
Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Chronic Disease , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Humans , Incidence , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology , Liver Neoplasms/etiology , Liver Neoplasms/mortality , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Romania/epidemiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
AgHBs incidence in various population groups from the Iassy region was relatively high in 1991, ranging from 3.8% in blood donors to 75.0% in patients with severe acute virus hepatitis. As compared to the incidence values recorded in 1973, 18 years ago, in the population of the same territory, some mutations were observed, the most important being the more then threefold reduction of the AgHBs incidence in blood donors. In subjects with liver diseases and in risk groups, the frequency of AgHBs carriers maintains at a high level.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Adult , Blood Donors , Carrier State/epidemiology , Child , Child Day Care Centers , Child, Preschool , Comorbidity , Hepatitis, Viral, Human/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Institutionalization , Liver Diseases/epidemiology , Moldova/epidemiology , Morbidity/trends , Orphanages , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
657 hospitalized children with acute diarrheal disease were studied for bacterial and rotaviral etiology. Cryptosporidium presence was followed in 123 children. Intestinal pathogens were detected in 195 (29.6%) cases: 132 (20.3%) enterobacteria, 47 (7.1%) rotaviruses, 4 (3.2%) Cryptosporidium sp. and 12 (1.8%) combined infections. Among enterobacteria, E. coli was the most frequent (10% cases) with enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteroinvasive (EIEC) groups. Other isolated pathogens were Salmonella--21 (3.1%), C. jejuni/coli--13 (1.9%), Shigella--3 (0.9%), Y. enterocolitica O3--1 (0.1%). Among opportunistic pathogenic enterobacteria, the following were isolated: Kl. pneumoniae--24 (3.7%), Enterobacter species--4 (0.6%), Providencia alcalifaciens--1 (0.1%). Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in 1 child. Combined infections were detected in 12 children: 10--enterobacteria + rotaviruses associations and 2--pathogenic enterobacteria associations.
Subject(s)
Cryptosporidiosis/complications , Diarrhea/etiology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/complications , Opportunistic Infections/complications , Rotavirus Infections/complications , Acute Disease , Animals , Child , Cryptosporidiosis/epidemiology , Cryptosporidiosis/microbiology , Cryptosporidium/isolation & purification , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Diarrhea/microbiology , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Humans , Incidence , Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Romania/epidemiology , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiologyABSTRACT
Enteroviruses were isolated from 12% of the digestive tract samples collected from Anodonta cygnea (9.4%) and Dreysena polymorpha (13.2%) shell species and from 8.4% of the branchiae sample from fish species Rutilus rutilus, Perca fluviatilis and Silurus glanis. The isolated belonged to the following antigenic types: ECHO 2 and 7, Coxsackie B 2, 4 and 6, and poliovirus 1 and 2.
Subject(s)
Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Fishes/microbiology , Food Microbiology , Shellfish , Animals , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Digestive System/microbiology , Enterovirus/immunology , Gills/microbiologyABSTRACT
The investigations carried out in 92 patients with confirmed diagnosis of primitive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have demonstrated that in almost half of them hepatitis was present in their antecedents, indicating the intervention of hepatitis virus in the etiology of this disease. In this context, the primary prophylaxis of primitive HCC is mainly based on the prophylaxis and control of viral hepatitis. As the interval detection-death was in most cases very short (1-2 month), the secondary prophylaxis consisting in performing more of the investigations recommended for the early diagnosis of primitive HCC is essential.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology , Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology , Age Factors , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Romania/epidemiology , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
Acute dehydration of diarrhoea of the breast-fed child is a type of hypovolemic shock which, by its severity and frequency is one of the major emergencies of pediatrics. The liver, as the site of many metabolic processes is mainly affected in the frame of the multiple-tissue involvement which is characteristic for this condition. The authors carried out a study of several enzymes (total LDH and the thermally-labile fraction, gluthamatdehydrogenase, gammaglutamyltranspeptidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase) in 27 breast-fed children. Determination of the enzymes was done on hospitalization, and 10 days later. The study showed that all the enzymes that were evaluated had moderate increases in 40.7-71% of all cases. The increases were significant (p less than 0.001). After 10 days the enzyme titers showed a tendency to become normal again, and slightly higher values were found in only 15-12% of all cases. Minimal hepatopathy can be considered, associated to the clinico-biological evolution of this severe conditions of the breast-fed child pathology.
Subject(s)
Clinical Enzyme Tests , Diarrhea, Infantile/diagnosis , Acid Phosphatase/blood , Acute Disease , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Dehydration/diagnosis , Female , Glutamate Dehydrogenase/blood , Humans , Infant , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood , Male , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diagnosis , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/bloodABSTRACT
Enteroviruses were isolated from 4.6% out of the examined tap water samples. No relation could be established between viral pollution and classic quality indexes of water.
Subject(s)
Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Water Microbiology , Water Supply/standards , Fresh Water/analysis , Romania , Urban HealthSubject(s)
Acid-Base Equilibrium , Diarrhea/blood , Electrolytes/blood , Acute Disease , Chlorine/blood , Female , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
Studies conducted on 417 feces samples collected from newborn infants from seven maternity homes revealed the presence of rotavirus in 1.2 to 9.5% of the subjects. The infants get infection during the first 24 to 48 hours of life (1.8%) and the positivity rate reaches a peak the 7th day (9.7%). Enteroviruses were found in 3.4% and enterobacteria in 11.8% of the samples.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/analysis , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, Special , Infant, Newborn/immunology , Rotavirus/immunology , Aging/immunology , Antigens, Bacterial/analysis , Enterobacteriaceae/immunology , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Enterovirus/immunology , Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Humans , Romania , Rotavirus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Fecal specimens from 84 children with gastroenteritis were submitted to virological and bacteriological analysis. Enteroviruses other than poliovirus were found in 8.3%, rotavirus in 4.8% and enterobacteria in 1.9% of the investigated subjects. Mixed infections were detected in 8.4% of the cases.
Subject(s)
Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Enterovirus Infections/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Feces/microbiology , Humans , Infant , Rotavirus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The rotaviral antigen was detected by a screening test using the ELISA-IC kit in 17.6% out of 415 children with acute gastroenteritis. The highest frequency (28.9%) was found in children hospitalized in pediatric services with a diagnosis of diarrhoeic disease associated to acute respiratory infection. The rotavirus infection incidence was about three times higher during the cold season than during summer (30.4% versus 10.5%). The 6-11 month age group was the most severely affected.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/analysis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Acute Disease , Child, Preschool , Gastroenteritis/complications , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Humans , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Romania , SeasonsABSTRACT
Experimental studies using dyes and microbial agents as indicators showed that a viral contamination of the various surfaces of the water closets is possible through the droplets formed when one flushes the W.C. pan. An investigation conducted in several public water closets allowed to reveal the presence of enteroviruses in 2.8% to 5.8% of the samples collected from various surfaces of the water closets. The results of the investigations showed that the hinged seats were contaminated the most frequently (6.8% of the samples).
Subject(s)
Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Equipment Contamination , Toilet Facilities , Adult , Child , Coloring Agents , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Female , Humans , Male , Risk , Water MicrobiologySubject(s)
Family , Hepatitis B Antigens/analysis , Hepatitis B/transmission , Adult , Carrier State , Child , Female , Humans , Male , RiskSubject(s)
Blood Coagulation Factors/analysis , Diarrhea, Infantile/blood , Acute Disease , Female , Humans , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
In three children communities covered by a virological study enteroviruses could be isolated from 19.3% of the stool samples, 52.3% of the sewage samples and 9.7% of the samples taken from different objects and surfaces. The isolates belonged to 14 enterovirus serotypes, Coxsackie viruses being predominant. There was a good concordance between the serotypes of enteroviruses shed in the stools and those isolated from the environment. The high epidemiological potential of enteroviruses calls for a surveillance of their circulation in children communities, preferably by the virological monitoring of sewage.