Cosmetic perfumes vs. human pheromones (natural chemical scents) of the human female and male in signalling and performing context of their sexual behaviour.

Scent communication in man is undoubtedly of importance, although it is unconscious, rather than active, as compared to subhuman primates. Besides human sexual life it also affects a number of further characteristics of human life and its infrastructure including the mother-child relationship, creation of the odour basis of the family with the possibility to identify the family members solely by their odour as well as other parameters investigated thus far. Pheromones have effect upon the selection of a suitable partner of the opposite sex (or of the same sex in homosexual partners). The formation of specifically significant responses during communication between the two sexes, first of all in sexual life and its manifestations, may also be influenced by pheromone-based perfumes or classical cosmetic perfumes, as far as they are selected and used appropriately. The situation is much easier if the partners are of the olfactory type where for both partners the mutual olfactory parameters are the most attractive for their sexual life and its parameters, which significantly contributes to the quality of their overall coexistence (Ref. 29).

[Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis using PCR in gynecology patients in Slovakia]. / Skúsenosti s diagnostikou Ch. trachomatis pomocou PCR u gynekologických pacientok na Slovensku.

The authors examined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) more than 2700 gynaecological patients for the presence of Ch. tracheomatis. The patients were mostly from Bratislava and surroundings. The material used were cervical smears or morning urine. The most frequent diagnoses associated with Chlamydia infection were adnexitis (38%), cervicitis (22%), pelvic pain (9%), sterility (9%), cystitis and ureteritis (3%) abortus imminenes (4%) partus prematurus imminenes (9%). There was a marked seasonal character of chlamydias with the peak during the summer period. The mean age of the patients was 29.2 years and thus the assumed higher incidence of younger age groups was not confirmed. PCR proved to be an accurate, reliable and perspective method for the detection of Ch. trachomatis in Slovak gynaecological patients.

The normal female and the male breast epithelium does not express prostate-specific antigen. Preliminary immunohistochemical observations of autopsy breast tissues.

In the normal female and male breast epithelial structures any prostate-specific antigen (PSA) immunohistochemical positivity was observed. Variable PSA expression, which often borders the positivity, was observed in membranes of adipocytes of fat tissue and in the endothelium of small vessels in a female and a male breast. Based on these initial observations, tissue of the normal breast, male or female, can not be considered to be the principal source of PSA.

Immunohistochemical distribution of rabbit polyclonal antiurinary protein 1 antibody in the female (Skene's gland) and male prostate: new marker for neuroendocrine cells?

Using rabbit polyclonal antiurinary protein 1 antibody to study the female prostate (Skene's gland) and the male prostate, characteristic localizations patterns appeared in single cells and groups of cells. The majority correspond to cells positive for neuroendocrine markers. In the cytoplasm, cells positive for protein 1 were most frequently found in the epithelial lining of the female urethra, in the pars prostatica of the male urethra, and in the ducts of the female and male prostate where the lining consisted of pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Their occurrence rate was far lower among secretory and basal cells of the male and female prostate glands. The cells with protein 1 corresponded to those displaying positivity for chromogranin A, silver staining by the Grimelius and less by the Sevier-Munger method, and by neuron specific enolase. Using the Masson-Hamperl argentaffin method, positive cells were only exceptionally found. The cells positive for protein 1, and particularly chromogranin A, and characterized by Grimelius positivity, contained different amounts of neuroendocrine granules and varied in size and shape. The majority of these cells had contact with the lumen of male and female prostatic ducts (open type of neuroendocrine cells). In some cases of the male and female urethra and of the great paraurethral ducts, a remarkably high number of cells containing protein 1 corresponded to cells only containing neuron-specific enolase but not chromogranin A and other neuroendocrine markers. These cells can be considered stem cells responsible for the renewal of the uroepithelium of the urethra and prostatic ducts. Protein 1 may thus be a further, though presumably not specific marker for the identification of cells of the neuroendocrine system in the prostate of the male and female. This marker could well be used to study uroepithelium maturation. The corresponding immunohistochemical distribution of human protein 1 in neuroendocrine and other cells of the male and the female prostate provides another analogous functional and morphological parameter of prostatic tissue in both sexes and further evidence supporting the non-vestigial concept of the prostate in the female.

[Extrauterine choriocarcinoma--a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease]. / Extrauternný choriokarcinóm--zriedkavá forma gestacnej trofoblastovej choroby.

Choriocarcinoma represents the most serious form of trophoblast gestation disease. In the majority of cases the carcinomatous tissues fill out the uterine cavity, or they grow in a form of nodes deep in the uterine wall. The primary extrauterine localization of this tumour is very rare. The authors describe two cases of choriocarcinomas with tubal or ovarian localization. (Fig. 4, Ref. 19.)

[Trophoblastic disease. I. Use of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of complete hydatidiform moles]. / Trofoblastická choroba. I. Vyuzitie imunohistochémie pri diagnostike kompletnej hydatidóznej moly.

Immunohistochemical study of 15 complete moles detected expression of human chorion-gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL) and placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP). Syncytiotrophoblast showed the most conspicuous expression of hCG, hPL positivity was mild, PLAP positivity poor. Intermediate trophoblast had stronger hPL positivity There was not any positivity in cytotrophoblastic cells.